1910-1919 The Joint Commission: 1920-1929 1950-1959 1960-1969 Over a century of quality and safety 1970-1979 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2009 2010-2019 Home 1 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1910-1913 Ernest Codman, M.D. proposes the “end result system of hospital 1910-1919 ⎻ 1920-1929 standardization.” 1950-1959 American College of Surgeons is 1960-1969 1970-1979 founded. The “end result” system 1980-1989 ⎻ becomes an ACS objective. 1990-1999 2000-2009 2010-2019 Home 2 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1917-1918 The American College of Surgeons develops the 1910-1919 ⎻ Minimum Standard for 1920-1929 1950-1959 Hospitals. Requirements fill 1960-1969 one page. 1970-1979 1980-1989 The ACS begins on-site 1990-1999 inspections of hospitals. 2000-2009 ⎻ 2010-2019 Home 3 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1926 The first standards manual is 1910-1919 printed, consisting of 18 pages. 1920-1929 1950-1959 1960-1969 1970-1979 1980-1989 The American College of Surgeons made the three-story 1990-1999 former residence shown opposite, on Chicago’s rapidly growing north side, its headquarters in 1920. 2000-2009 2010-2019 Home 4 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1950-1951 1910-1919 The American College of Physicians, 1920-1929 the American Hospital Association, 1950-1959 ⎻ the American Medical Association, 1960-1969 1970-1979 and the Canadian Medical 1980-1989 Association join with the ACS as 1990-1999 corporate members to create the 2000-2009 2010-2019 Joint Commission on Accreditation Home of Hospitals (JCAH), an independent, not-for-profit organization, in Chicago, Illinois, whose primary purpose is to provide voluntary accreditation. 5 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1952 The American College of Surgeons officially transfers its 1910-1919 ⎻ Hospital Standardization 1920-1929 Program to JCAH, which begins 1950-1959 1960-1969 offering accreditation to 1970-1979 hospitals in January 1953. 1980-1989 1990-1999 Edwin L. Crosby, M.D., 2000-2009 becomes the first director of the 2010-2019 ⎻ Joint Commission on Home Accreditation of Hospitals. 6 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1953-1959 – JCAH publishes Standards for 1910-1919 Hospital Accreditation. 1920-1929 – Kenneth Babcock, M.D., becomes 1950-1959 1960-1969 director of JCAH. 1970-1979 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2009 2010-2019 Home 7 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1964-1965 The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals begins 1910-1919 ⎻ charging for surveys. 1920-1929 1950-1959 Congress passes the Social Security 1960-1969 1970-1979 Amendments of 1965 with a provision 1980-1989 ⎻ that hospitals accredited by JCAH are 1990-1999 “deemed” to be in compliance with 2000-2009 2010-2019 most of the Medicare Conditions of Home Participation for hospitals and, thus, able to participate in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. John D. Porterfield III, M.D., becomes director of the JCAH. ⎻ 8 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1966-1969 Long term care accreditation begins. 1910-1919 JCAH establishes four accreditation 1920-1929 ⎻ 1950-1959 councils to develop standards and survey 1960-1969 ⎻ accreditation procedures. 1970-1979 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2009 2010-2019 Home 9 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1970 The Accreditation Council for 1910-1919 Psychiatric Facilities is established and 1920-1929 1950-1959 ⎻ accreditation for psychiatric facilities, 1960-1969 substance abuse programs and 1970-1979 community mental health programs 1980-1989 1990-1999 begins. 2000-2009 2010-2019 Accreditation for hospitals and long Home term care facilities is reduced to a ⎻ maximum of two years from three years. 10 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1971-1972 The Accreditation Council for Long Term Care is established. 1910-1919 ⎻ 1920-1929 The Social Security Act is amended to 1950-1959 require that the Secretary of the U.S. 1960-1969 ⎻ Department of Health and Human 1970-1979 1980-1989 Services (DHHS) validate JCAH 1990-1999 findings. 2000-2009 2010-2019 The first issue of Perspectives on Home Accreditation is published. ⎻ 11 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1975-1977 The Accreditation Council for Ambulatory Health Care is 1910-1919 ⎻ 1920-1929 established and accreditation for 1950-1959 ambulatory health care facilities 1960-1969 begins. 1970-1979 1980-1989 John E. Affeldt, M.D., becomes 1990-1999 president of the JCAH. 2000-2009 ⎻ 2010-2019 Home 12 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1978-1979 JCAH establishes an agreement with the College of American Pathologists to 1910-1919 ⎻ 1920-1929 recognize CAP accreditation of a laboratory 1950-1959 in a JCAH-accredited hospital in lieu of the 1960-1969 Commission’s accreditation of the 1970-1979 1980-1989 laboratory. 1990-1999 The American Dental Association (ADA) 2000-2009 2010-2019 becomes a JCAH corporate member. Home ⎻ A Professional and Technical Advisory Committee is established for each ⎻ accreditation program, and the Accreditation Councils are disbanded. 13 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1982-1983 The accreditation cycle is changed from two 1910-1919 years to three years for hospitals, psychiatric 1920-1929 ⎻ facilities, alcoholism and substance abuse 1950-1959 1960-1969 programs, community mental health centers, 1970-1979 and long term care organizations. 1980-1989 1990-1999 Accreditation for hospice care organizations 2000-2009 begins. (Folded into the Home Care 2010-2019 ⎻ Accreditation program in 1990.) Home 14 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1986 Quality Healthcare Resources® (QHR), Inc. is 1910-1919 ⎻ 1920-1929 formed as a not-for-profit 1950-1959 consulting subsidiary of 1960-1969 JCAH. (QHR later becomes 1970-1979 1980-1989 Joint Commission 1990-1999 Resources.) 2000-2009 2010-2019 Dennis S. O’Leary, M.D., Home becomes president of the ⎻ JCAH. 15 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1987-1989 The organization name changes to the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations to reflect an 1910-1919 ⎻ expanded scope of activities. 1920-1929 1950-1959 The Agenda for Change is launched, placing the primary 1960-1969 emphasis of the accreditation process on actual 1970-1979 ⎻ organization performance. 1980-1989 1990-1999 Development begins on the Indicator Measurement 2000-2009 System® (IMSystem®), an indicator-based performance 2010-2019 Home ⎻ monitoring system. Accreditation for home care organizations and managed care begins. (Managed care is folded into the Ambulatory ⎻ Care Accreditation program in 1990). 16 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1990 The Joint Commission Headquarters and 1910-1919 Conference Center opens in Oakbrook Terrace, 1920-1929 Illinois, about 20 miles west of downtown Chicago. 1950-1959 1960-1969 1970-1979 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2009 2010-2019 Home 17 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1992-1993 The Joint Commission issues a standard requiring all accredited hospitals to have a 1910-1919 ⎻ policy prohibiting smoking in the hospital. 1920-1929 1950-1959 The number and nature of confirmed 1960-1969 substantive complaints filed against 1970-1979 ⎻ accredited facilities and the existence of 1980-1989 1990-1999 type I recommendations becomes public 2000-2009 information. 2010-2019 Home The federal government announces that home health agencies accredited by the ⎻ Joint Commission after an unannounced survey will be “deemed” to meet the Medicare Conditions of Participation. 18 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1994 The first organization-specific performance reports are released to the public. 1910-1919 ⎻ 1920-1929 A new survey process is implemented that 1950-1959 uses a systemwide, cross-department 1960-1969 ⎻ orientation. 1970-1979 1980-1989 Quality Healthcare Resources, Inc.® and the 1990-1999 Joint Commission form Joint Commission 2000-2009 2010-2019 ⎻ International to provide education and Home consulting services to international clients. 19 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1995 The federal government recognizes Joint Commission laboratory accreditation 1910-1919 1920-1929 ⎻ services as meeting the requirements for 1950-1959 Clinical Laboratory Amendments of 1988 1960-1969 (CLIA) certification. 1970-1979 1980-1989 As part of an Action Plan, the Joint 1990-1999 2000-2009 Commission launches the Orion Project in 2010-2019 ⎻ Pennsylvania and Arizona as a series of Home experiments designed to test innovations to improve the delivery of accreditation services. Accreditation for freestanding laboratories begins. ⎻ 20 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1996 The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services announces that ambulatory 1910-1919 ⎻ surgical centers accredited by the Joint 1920-1929 1950-1959 Commission will be “deemed” as 1960-1969 meeting or exceeding Medicare 1970-1979 certification requirements. 1980-1989 1990-1999 The Sentinel Event Policy is 2000-2009 2010-2019 established. Home ⎻ The Joint Commission launches its website at www.jcaho.org (now ⎻ www.jointcommission.org). 21 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1997 The Joint Commission launches ORYX®: The Next Evolution in 1910-1919 ⎻ Accreditation™. 1920-1929 1950-1959 Quality Check® becomes available 1960-1969 1970-1979 on the Joint Commission website. 1980-1989 ⎻ 1990-1999 2000-2009 2010-2019 Home 22 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1998 The Sentinel Event Policy is revised to promote self-reporting of medical ⎻ errors and encourage health care 1910-1919 providers to more closely examine the 1920-1929 root causes of these events. 1950-1959 1960-1969 The Joint Commission publishes the 1970-1979 1980-1989 first issue of Sentinel Event Alert. 1990-1999 ⎻ Joint Commission Resources, Inc.™ 2000-2009 2010-2019 replaces Quality Healthcare Resources, Home ⎻ Inc.® Joint Commission International (including accreditation and consulting services) remains a division of this new subsidiary. 23 © 2020 The Joint Commission. All Rights Reserved. 1999 The Joint Commission’s MISSION: 1910-1919 mission statement is revised to To continuously improve ⎻ 1920-1929 explicitly reference patient health care 1950-1959 safety.