Avdeling for helse og sosialvitenskap Vetle Johan Dagfinrud Masteroppgåve Fotballtrenaren og strukturelle faktorars påverknad på treningskvardagen til jenter og gutar i ungdomsfotballen Ei studie av fire klubbar på Vestlandet Football coaches, gender and structural factors’ influence on training and development for youth in four clubs in Western Norway Master i kroppsøving og idrett 2020 2 Innhald SAMANDRAG ..................................................................................................................................... 5 ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................... 6 1. INTRODUKSJON ..................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 PROBLEMSTILLING .................................................................................................................. 7 1.2 TIDLEGARE FORSKING PÅ FELTET ............................................................................................ 8 1.3 GANG I OPPGÅVA................................................................................................................... 11 2. TEORI ...................................................................................................................................... 12 2.1 BOURDIEUS SOSIOLOGISKE TEORIAR ..................................................................................... 12 2.1.1 Samfunnets objektive strukturar ................................................................................. 12 2.1.2 Kapital ........................................................................................................................ 12 2.1.3 Sosiale felt .................................................................................................................. 13 2.1.4 Habitus ....................................................................................................................... 13 2.2 KJØNNSROLLER OG MASKULIN DOMINANS ............................................................................ 14 3. METODE ................................................................................................................................. 16 3.1 FELTARBEID .......................................................................................................................... 16 3.1.1 Feltarbeidets gang ..................................................................................................... 16 3.1.2 Forskar på eige felt .................................................................................................... 17 3.2 DOKUMENTANALYSE ............................................................................................................ 18 3.3 OBSERVASJON ....................................................................................................................... 18 3.4 SEMISTRUKTURERTE KVALITATIVE INTERVJUSAMTALAR ...................................................... 18 3.5 INFORMANTUTVAL ................................................................................................................ 19 3.5.1 Tabell 1. Oversikt over trenarane i prosjektet ............................................................ 20 3.5.2 Tabell 2. Oversikt over trenarkoordinatorane i prosjektet ......................................... 21 3.6 ANALYSER AV DATAMATERIALET ......................................................................................... 21 3 3.6.1 Analyser av sportsplanar ............................................................................................ 22 3.7 STYRKER OG AVGRENSINGAR................................................................................................. 22 3.8 ETISKE OMSYN ....................................................................................................................... 23 4. RESULTAT OG DRØFTING ................................................................................................. 25 4.1 VARGE IF ............................................................................................................................... 25 4.1.1 Sportsplan ................................................................................................................... 25 4.1.2 Trenings og kamptilbod .............................................................................................. 25 4.1.3 Hospitering og differensiering .................................................................................... 26 4.1.4 Krav til kvalifikasjonar for trenarane ......................................................................... 27 4.1.5 Innhald i treningane .................................................................................................... 27 4.1.6 Fysisk trening .............................................................................................................. 28 4.1.7 Rammefaktorar ........................................................................................................... 29 4.1.8 Jenteløftet og akademiklassifisering ........................................................................... 31 4.1.9 Klubben ....................................................................................................................... 32 4.2 SK BJØRN .............................................................................................................................. 32 4.2.1 Sportsplan ................................................................................................................... 32 4.2.2 Rammefaktorar ........................................................................................................... 33 4.2.3 Jenteløftet .................................................................................................................... 34 4.3 FUGLEVIK IL .......................................................................................................................... 35 4.3.1 Sportsplan ................................................................................................................... 35 4.3.2 Rammefaktorar ........................................................................................................... 35 4.3.3 Jenteløftet .................................................................................................................... 37 4.3.4 Klubben ....................................................................................................................... 37 4.4 HAVØY IL .............................................................................................................................. 38 4 4.4.1 Sportsplan .................................................................................................................. 38 4.4.2 Hospitering ................................................................................................................. 39 4.4.3 Rammefaktorar ........................................................................................................... 39 4.4.4 Jenteløftet og akademiklassifisering: ......................................................................... 40 4.4.5 Klubben ...................................................................................................................... 40 4.5 GENERELLE TENDENSAR ....................................................................................................... 41 4.5.1 Sportsplanar ............................................................................................................... 41 4.5.2 Rammefaktorar ........................................................................................................... 42 4.5.3 Jenteløftet ................................................................................................................... 43 4.5.4 Kretstiltak ................................................................................................................... 44 4.5.5 Serieorganisering ....................................................................................................... 45 4.6 HALDNINGAR ........................................................................................................................ 46 4.6.1 Fotball er for gutar .................................................................................................... 46 4.6.2 A-laget er herrelaget .................................................................................................. 48 4.6.3 Damefotball - Ein idrett verdt å sjå på? ..................................................................... 49 4.7 HOSPITERING......................................................................................................................... 52 4.8 DRAUMEN OM EI FOTBALLKARRIERE ..................................................................................... 54 4.9 FORELDREGRUPPER ............................................................................................................... 55 4.10 ULIKSKAPAR MELLOM KJØNNA ........................................................................................ 56 4.11 OPPFØRSEL TRENARAR ..................................................................................................... 58 5. KONKLUSJON ....................................................................................................................... 61 LITTERATURLISTE ......................................................................................................................