Demolinguistic Data for Indigenous Communities in Canada Language Data Tables User Guide Version 0.7.1 Norris Research Inc. https://norrisresearch.com/ref_tables.htm 1 January 2021 Norris Research: Language Data Tables Users Guide DRAFT January 1, 2021 Recommended Citation: Norris Research Inc. (2020). Demolinguistic Data for Indigenous communities in Canada: Language Data Tables Users Guide, 01 January 2021. Draft Report prepared under contract with the Department of Canadian Heritage. Norris Research: Language Data Tables Users Guide DRAFT January 1, 2021 Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................................................... 3 !! IMPORTANT !! ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 A Cautionary Note ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 Website Tips and Tricks ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 Tables ................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Tree View .......................................................................................................................................................................... 11 KML maps .......................................................................................................................................................................... 12 About ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................................. 13 Context .............................................................................................................................................................................. 13 Terminology ...................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Literature Sources ............................................................................................................................................................. 14 Language Classification ......................................................................................................................................................... 15 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Dialects and Languages ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 Social and Political Considerations ................................................................................................................................... 15 Language and Genetics ..................................................................................................................................................... 16 Mixed Languages .............................................................................................................................................................. 16 Sign Languages .................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Further reading ................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Wikipedia ...................................................................................................................................................................... 16 University-level textbooks ............................................................................................................................................ 16 Specialised textbooks .................................................................................................................................................... 16 Journal papers ............................................................................................................................................................... 16 The historical geography of Indigenous people in Canada ................................................................................................... 17 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................... 17 The First Americans ........................................................................................................................................................... 17 WWW links ........................................................................................................................................................................ 21 The Canadian Census ............................................................................................................................................................ 23 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................... 23 3 Norris Research: Language Data Tables Users Guide DRAFT January 1, 2021 Historical Overview ........................................................................................................................................................... 23 Language Questions .......................................................................................................................................................... 23 Random rounding and data suppression .......................................................................................................................... 23 Short-form and long-form questionaires .......................................................................................................................... 23 Population universes ......................................................................................................................................................... 23 Geographical Area Classification ....................................................................................................................................... 23 Evolving geography ........................................................................................................................................................... 23 Evolving language classification ........................................................................................................................................ 23 2011 National Household Survey ...................................................................................................................................... 24 WWW links ........................................................................................................................................................................ 24 Literature Sources ................................................................................................................................................................. 25 Wikipedia, and other web-based resources ..................................................................................................................... 25 Notes on the hierarchical classification ................................................................................................................................ 27 Background ............................................................................................................................................................... 27 Language Families ..................................................................................................................................................... 27 Scope of the hierarchy .............................................................................................................................................. 28 Wikipedia Links ......................................................................................................................................................... 28 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................... 31 List of tables ...................................................................................................................................................................... 31 Descriptions of the tables ..................................................................................................................................................... 33 Indigenous Languages of Canada and the USA ................................................................................................................