A delta RENEWED A Guide to Science-Based Ecological Restoration IN THE SACRAMENTO-SAN JOAQUIN DELTA SAN FRANCISCO ESTUARY INSTITUTE­­ AQUATIC SCIENCE CENTER SUGGESTED CITATION San Francisco Estuary Institute-Aquatic Science Center (SFEI-ASC). 2016. A Delta Renewed: A Guide to Science-Based Ecological Restoration in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Prepared for the California Department of Fish and Wildlife and Ecosystem Restoration Program. A Report of SFEI-ASC’s Resilient Landscapes Program, Publication #799, San Francisco Estuary Institute-Aquatic Science Center, Richmond, CA. Version 1.2, published November 2016. REPORT AVAILABILITY Report is available on SFEI’s website at www.sfei.org/projects/delta-landscapes. Updates to this report will be available here as well. IMAGE PERMISSION Permissions rights for images used in this publication have been specifically acquired for one-time use in this publication only. Further use or reproduction is prohibited without express written permission from the responsible source institution. For permissions and reproductions inquiries, please contact the responsible source institution directly. COVER CREDITS Cover, left to right: NAIP, 2014, detail from the Central Delta; illustrative rendering of an integrated future for the Delta (developed for this report by Yiping Lu, UC Berkeley). Inside back cover: NAIP, 2014. Title page: photograph by Shira Bezalel (SFEI-ASC). A delta RENEWED A Guide to Science-Based Ecological Restoration in the Delta A Report of the Delta Landscapes Project: Management Tools for Landscape-Scale Restoration of Ecological Functions Prepared FOR THE CALIFORNIA DepartmeNT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE AND THE ecOSYSTEM RESTORATION PROGRAM NOVEMBER 2016 PROJECT DIRECTION Julie Beagle Letitia Grenier Robin Grossinger PRIMARY AUTHORS April Robinson Samuel Safran Julie Beagle CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS Letitia Grenier Robin Grossinger Erica Spotswood Scott Dusterhoff Amy Richey DESIGN AND LAYOUT PREPARED BY San Francisco Estuary Institute-Aquatic Science Center Ruth Askevold Samuel Safran IN COOPERATION WITH AND FUNDED BY California Department of Fish and Wildlife Ecosystem Restoration Program SFEI-ASC PUBLICATION #799 ii R F e Knights Landing iv a e r th e r THE SACRAMENTo-san JOAQUIN DELTA modern waterways, islands, and tracts 5 Cree 99 che k Ca Sacramento S Fairfield a Napa c r a m e nt o R 5 Antioch iv e 80 Stockton r San Francisco Oakland Tracy Modesto San José 50 113 West Sacramento Sacramento n River rica 80 Ame Davis Putah C reek 505 S S A 5 P l Y e B n O n L a O Y h 84 C Clarksburg p i n h i S a r r e t D h e a g o u W o 99 T l s p S e 160 s k a e l E D p D N y o A B t L h IS o n g l T e u T o o I m l R Y S R a k E r c u M c D a r S e iv R s Stone e H n a Courtland s Lake m s u S s l o o 80 S u h C g n g h D o u N h S d o A l g PEARSON l L o g S u S I DISTRICT u r t o a u g l R g s E C a S MCCORMACK B h s T a s D r h T g h k r WILLIAMSON N e in S U g A e r t HASTINGS S s t TRACT L S a u l S t H TRACT I DELTA o o l u u Liberty T g S S MEADOWS h C E 84 Lind Islandt say P c S e S O h uol p R g Fairfield hg s P u o o l Walnut D r Delta Cross S r P y t RYER Grove Channel Cr a ee 12 ISLAND o k b m GRAND a NEW HOPE e ISLAND Thornton t TRACT S h g u o Sl a ian rg a eo m G u z te n o M h g u o l S t a o b m GRAND a NEW HOPE e ISLAND t TRACT S h g u Beaver Slough lo S 99 a CANAL 680 n M 12 160 ia RANCH TRACT g o or a e h k G D loug e m N g S l u A Ho u z k L m e h r IS t g o n n u F N 5 e Isleton E o o h T BRACK R l Rio Vista t A iv M S r T er TYLER o S TRACT gh N S lou BRANNAN ISLAND yc re S ISLAND amo ANDRUS 12 Se ISLAND ven ork Lodi mile Slough South F y a TWITCHELL TERMINOUS h B e ISLAND BOULDIN l g i TRACT n u ISLAND to m o ta u l DECKER e gh o W S u P e s o Sl h r Potato i ISLAND e i t l L e u h t t h s i ’ i T t g r t S n WEBB L u e l RIO BLANCO v e i a lo R TRACT C S TRACT ISLAND o m t o r t n BRADFORD n e e SHERMAN u KING n m h C s BISHOP a e CHIPPS r ISLAND i EMPIRE ISLAND c c a F ISLAND S r t TRACT TRACT e i in iv Pi o po tme R p n n n e ap t ui r Franks S is BROWNS aq Riv S l. D Slough Jo er lo Tract Bear Creek ISLAND n JERSEY T u MANDEVILLE a a g MEDFORD S ISLAND y BETHEL h ISLAND lo Pittsburg r ISLAND ISLAND 4 Big Break S QUIMBY RINDGE SHIMA l. gh bia ou ISLAND lum TRACT TRACT Dutch Slough Sl Co ut C S d mile n l MCDONALD e o n te 88 Antioch u . r u o l ISLAND S u g n o M h HOTCHKISS . o F WRIGHT l - i t d c S TRACT HOLLAND e ELMWOOD C n n BACON m a a TRACT n ut TRACT al Oakley o a C S ISLAND r v C h e e Rock Slough t rn r a a s L u R T LOWER ROBERTS vi k VEALE re e W ISLAND e TRACT Empire Cut r h ROUGH C PALM si LOWER k AND TRACT e h JONES y READY Stockton rs S TRACT ol ISLAND a u Bu M ORWOOD g rn h s TRACT WOODWARD Cutof Brentwood ISLAND ndian Slo 4 h I ugh h Fren ug u g ch Camp Slo Woodward UPPER lo S r S a Canal JONES p e n TRACT p MIDDLE ROBERTS a J VICTORIA Tr ISLAND o r a e ISLAND q v Mi d u i dl R e R i i 99 ve n d r l BYRON al al R n i O n a TRACT C a C v ria r th e ic to No r gh V u lo S n UNION a i l ISLAND a CONEY t I Clifton Court ISLAND UPPER Forebay ROBERTS 680 ISLAND Grant Line Canal Fabian and Bell Canal Lathrop FABIAN Pa ra STEWART Manteca TRACT d is TRACT To e m Cu Pa t ine Slo 120 ugh W a S lt lo h u a g ll h 205 Tracy 205 580 us River la is n a St 580 5 N 2 miles S an Jo aq uin Ri 5 kilometers ve r iii iv R F i e v a e r th e r THESACRAMENTo-AN JOAQUIN DELTA historical habitat types (circa 1800) 5 Cree 99 che k Ca Tidal channel Sacramento Fairfield Fluvial channel S Napa a c r a m Tidal or Fluvial channel e nt (lower confidence level) o R 5 Antioch iv e 80 Stockton r San Water FranciscoOakland Tracy Modesto Intermittent pond or lake San José 50 Tidal freshwater emergent wetland 113 Non-tidal freshwater emergent wetland Sacramento n River rica Willow thicket 80 Ame Davis Putah Cr Willow riparian scrub or shrub eek Valley foothill riparian Wet meadow and seasonal wetland 505 Vernal pool complex Alkali seasonal wetland complex 5 Stabilized interior dune vegetation Grassland h g u lo 99 S lk Oak woodland or savanna E r e iv R s e n m u s 80 o C Fairfield 12 a m u z te n o M 99 680 12 M a o m k u e z lu e h t g m n u 5 n o e lo Rio Vista R M S iver 12 y a B n u i s u S r v e R i t o en m cr a Sa er R iv in qu oa n J a er S iv R s 4 r a v e la a Antioch C 88 Stockton TheS Sacramento- an Joaquin Delta of the early 4 S 1800s. This map reconstructs the habitat types in a n J o the Delta region prior to the significant modification r a e v Mi q d u i dl R e R i i 99 of the past 160 years. Extensive tidal wetlands and ve n d r l R i O v large tidal channels are seen at the central core e r of the Delta. Riparian forest extends downstream into the tidal Delta along the natural levees of the Sacramento River, and to a certain extent on the 680 San Joaquin and Mokelumne rivers.