.@RNMHB 3DRD@QBG HM 4 NT SG " T RSQ@KH@ 1990-1994 Volume I 4 NT SG " T RSQ@KH@M - NC F D NE 3DRD@QBG Edited by Tony Pope & Roy Thompson Published by South Australian Lodge of Research No 216 SAC 120 Waterport Road Port Elliot 5212 South Australia ISBN 0 9592410 4 X 0 9592410 5 8 Copyright © South Australian Lodge of Research No 216 SAC 1999. All authors retain copyright © of their respective papers from the date of first presentation. Sole distributors South Australian Lodge of Research No 216 SAC 120 Waterport Road Port Elliot 5212 South Australia Price ~ AUSTRALIA $25, including postage and packing (cheque payable to SA Lodge of Research 216). OVERSEAS Payment in Australian currency, please, by banker‘s or international money order. Overseas price includes economy air postage (up to 4 weeks). New Zealand A$28 North America A$30 Elsewhere A$31 2 C o n t e n t s page Foreword by MWBro David E Fewster, BEd, Grand Master ............................................................ 4 Editors‘ Preface .................................................................................................................................. 5 List of members .................................................................................................................................. 6 Australasian lodges of research: Tony Pope .................................................................................... 7 Something to digest–what part does the Festive Board play? Barrie Anderson ........................... 16 Freemasonry and the Age of Enlightenment: Mike Conway .......................................................... 19 Masonry dissected and renewed: M G Goodson ............................................................................ 22 The drupe and the alcoholic mother: Bob Hamilton-Bruce ............................................................ 25 The mason mark: Ken Brindal ........................................................................................................ 28 The development of the printed ritual: David Fewster .................................................................... 42 The Canaanite origins of King Solomon‘s Temple: Alan De Winter .............................................. 46 The South Australian Lodge of Research: Ken Brindal .................................................................. 49 International Masonic relations: Mike Conway ............................................................................. 53 The Masonic Orders in South Australia: George Woolmer ............................................................ 60 Modern anti-Masonry: Graham Murray ....................................................................................... 106 Our segregated brethren, Prince Hall Freemasons: Tony Pope .................................................. 109 Index ............................................................................................................................................... 151 3 F o re w o rd With the desire to know more about the world in which we live, the constant search for information by individuals, and collectively as groups, the term ”research‘ has been applied. Regarding Freemasonry, the members of Quatuor Coronati Lodge No 2076 EC have, over the years of their existence as a research group, demonstrated correct procedures in research techniques, as they have at their disposal access to core research elements. We who are ”interested‘ in Freemasonry have utilised the information distributed through their various publications and attempted to ”educate‘ fellow members in the general understanding of Freemasonry. Masonic Research in South Australia, published by the South Australian Lodge of Research, provides the interested Mason and the general reader with a wide range of information. The articles are concise and maintain an ”educative direction‘ in their content, supporting a meaningful quotation by the French author, Jacques Thibault, ”. it is better to understand a little than misunderstand a lot.‘ I express my appreciation to the small group of enthusiastic and devoted brethren who have made the publication of Masonic Research in South Australia a reality. The financial arrangements for publication of this first volume have not been easy. I express a confidence that the usefulness of the contents will prove highly acceptable and sales will encourage the publication of further volumes. David E Fewster Grand Master 4 Pre fa ce Most Freemasons have never visited a lodge of research, and many would have no idea what such a lodge does, or why. Few will pick up a copy of this book in a library and read as far as this sentence. The book, therefore, is not for them. It is for dedicated researchers, worldwide, who know that finding out can be fun, and for those few–Masons and non-Masons–who are curious to discover something of the work of one particular lodge, the South Australian Lodge of Research. The scope for a lodge of research is enormous. It includes: to ascertain and record the history of Freemasonry in all its aspects; to explore the philosophy and symbolism of Freemasonry; to discover and preserve information, documents and artifacts that might otherwise be lost; to provide a basis for education of brethren who lack the time, opportunity or skill of the researcher; to act as a resource for the administration; to create an environment for intellectual stimulation, a home for both conservative and radical thinking (which may well occur in the same ”bone box‘)–and sometimes to be the conscience of the Craft. Masonic Research in South Australia contains papers given in the South Australian Lodge of Research by members and invited speakers, and papers presented elsewhere by members of the lodge, over a period of several years. Originally, the lodge published its papers in loose-leaf form, but ceased publication entirely in 1991. Thanks to the advent of desk-top publishing, it has now become possible to preserve the work in book form. The lodge plans to publish a volume each year. The first few volumes will concentrate on ”catching up‘. Selection of papers for volume one was made largely on the basis of what was already on computer or could be quickly scanned or keyed in. The presentation is in the sequence in which the papers were first given. Consequently, there is no central theme to the book, although it is possible to discern a logical connection between some of the papers. ”Australasian lodges of research‘ puts the South Australian Lodge of Research in perspective, historically and geographically, and ”The South Australian Lodge of Research‘ brings the account up to date. The scholarly study, ”The Masonic Orders in South Australia‘, puts the South Australian Craft itself in perspective, vertically, in respect to the many offshoots and derivatives of the original ”three degrees of Masonry‘, as does ”International Masonic relations‘ horizontally, in relation to other Craft Grand Lodges, while ”Our segregated brethren, Prince Hall Freemasons‘ highlights a sad and shameful anomaly in that relationship. Of the others, ”The Canaanite origins of King Solomon‘s Temple‘ is a controversial examination of the origins of that structure which features so prominently in our modern ritual; ”Freemasonry and the Age of Enlightenment‘ and ”The development of the printed ritual‘ are historical studies of more recent events; and ”The mason mark‘ ranges over a period of 5000 years. The remaining papers consist of two on gastronomic subjects, one that considers what is wrong with the Masonic organisation, and what should be done about it, and one that comments briefly on modern participants in the age-old sport of ”Mason-bashing‘. Volume one, as can be seen, contains papers on a variety of subjects, but is not completely representative of the activities of the lodge over the period illustrated. For the whole picture from 1990 to 1994, readers must wait for (at least) volume two. Tony Pope & Roy Thompson Editors 5 Lis t o f m e m be rs a s a t St Jo hn t he B a pt is t ‘s D a y Lodge of Research No 216 SAC South Australian Lodge of Research No 216 24 June 1990 24 June 1995 Sinclair G Sinclair G Murray G D Secretary Murray G D SW Waterman K M DC Black B W Treasurer Black B W Treasurer Pope A R F Tyler Rostan D S Hills A DC Bubner R S Pope N StJ Pitcher J A Temby E A R Chaplain Pope A R F SW Lott L E T JD Rogers M J Brindal S K Secretary Schomburgk H D Std Halley E W A JW Rosier D SD Halley L V Thompson R Conway M J IG Hills A IPM Martin A W SD Perkins L P Std Woolmer G R WM Pope N StJ JW McKay S J Temby E A R Chaplain Num R G McLean K J Almoner Tapp D P Napier G N Lott L E T WM Hamilton-Bruce R J Std Perry R J M Brindal S K Kelly A M McLean A E Std Thresher A IG Williams V H Gray I G JD Halley E W A Halley L V 6 M asonic R esearch in S outh Australia This paper was first presented in Melbourne in March 1991 to the Victorian Lodge of Research by the Master of the South Australian Lodge of Research, and first published in Masonic Challenges (Melbourne 1992). It is reprinted here by kind permission of the publishers, the Victorian Lodge of Research No 218 VC. It has not been updated. AUSTRALASIAN LODGES OF RESEARCH by Bro Tony Pope Why is it that some jurisdictions have several lodges of research, while others are content with one, and some have none at all? Why do some lodges of research retain authority (whether or not they exercise it) to make Masons, but others admit only Installed Masters to full membership. Why, in addition to warranted