ASHRAE Region XIII 22nd CRC in Malaysia HVAC System and 1 Building Design Integration Challenges in Mega Tall Buildings Vincent Tse 23 August 2019 CONTENT 1. Super Tall Buildings Yesterday, Today & Tomorrow 2 2. HVAC Systems and Building Design Integration Challenges in Mega Tall Buildings 3. Case Studies 1.1 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (YESTERDAY, BEFORE 2000) Super Tall Buildings Era Mostly Below 400m 3 - USA - Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Dubai - Hong Kong, Shanghai 90% Single Use Tall Buildings 1.1 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (YESTERDAY, BEFORE 2000) 4 New York Chicago Japan Malaysia World Trade Centre Willis Tower Yokohama Landmark Tower KLCC Petronas Towers (420m) (442m) (296m) (452m) SOM Cesar Pelli 1.1 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (YESTERDAY, BEFORE 2000) 5 Hong Kong Singapore Shanghai Jumeirah Emirates Tower Bank of China Tower UOB Plaza Jinmao Tower (355m) (367m) (280m) (420m) NORR IM Pei Nikken Sekki SOM MEP FULL DESIGN CONSULTANCY MEP PARTIAL DESIGN CONSULTANCY Suzhou Zhongnan Center 729m/2,293ft Suzhou Ping An Finance Center 660m/2,165ft Wuhan Greenland Center Shenzhen 636m/2,087ft Wuhan Shanghai Tower Goldin Finance 117 632m/2,073ft 597m/1,957ft Lotte World Tower Shanghai Tianjin Pearl of the North 555m/1,819ft Tianjin Chow Tai Fook Binhai Center 565m/1,854ft Seoul 530m/1,739ft Shenyang Tianjin ZhongguoZun Dalian Greenland Center “Megatall” 528m/1,732ft 518m/1,699ft Beijing Dalian International Commerce Centre CTF Finance Centre 484m/1,588ft 530m/1,739ft Hong Kong 600m Guangzhou “Supertall” 300m 1.2 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (TODAY, 2001-2019) Starting of Mega Tall Building Era Mostly 300 – 600m 7 - USA - Korea - UK - Malaysia - Russia - Taiwan - Dubai, UAE - China - Hong Kong Most Mixed Use Tall Buildings 1.2 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (TODAY, 2001-2019) 8 Burj New York Taipei 101 Seoul Lotte World Khalifa Tower New WTC One (508m) Tower (828m) (542m) (555m) SOM SOM KPF 1.2 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (TODAY, 2001-2019) 9 Shanghai Tower Shenzhen Ping An Centre Guangzhou CTF Centre Beijing China Zun (632m) (599m) (530m) (528m) Gensler KPF KPF KPF 1.2 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (TODAY, 2001-2019) 10 Shenzhen KK100 Wuhan Centre Suzhou IFC Tianjin CTF Centre Shanghai WFC (441m) (448m) (450m) (530m) (490m) Terry Farrell KPF SOM KPF 1.2 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (TODAY, 2001-2019) 11 HKICC London Russia St. Peterburg Thailand (484m) The Shard Capital city Moscow Tower Lakhta Centre King Power Mahanakhon KPF (306m) (302m) (462m) (314m) Renzo Piano 1.3 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (TOMORROW, 2020-2030) Mega Tall Building with Multi-shape Era 300 – 1000m 12 - USA - UK - Middle-East - Indonesia - Malaysia - Cambodia - Thailand - Vietnam - Korea - China Majority Mixed Use Tall Buildings 1.3 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (TOMORROW, 2020-2030) 13 Saudi Arabia Trade Wind Tower, KL118 Seoul Kingdom Jeddah Tower KL, Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Hyundai HQs Tower (1000+m) (600+m) (644m) (560m) ASGG SOM 1.3 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (TOMORROW, 2020-2030) 14 Bangkok Jakarta Signature Tower Dubai One Cambodia Grand Rama 9 Super Tower (600+m) (700m) Landmark Tower (600m) (500+m) 1.3 SUPER TALL BUILDINGS (TOMORROW, 2020-2030) 15 Tianjin Wuhan Shenyang Baoneng Hefei Baoneng Chengdu 117 Finance Centre Greenland Centre Finance Centre Global Finance Centre 677 (600m) (636m) (568m) (588m) (677m) 1.4 TWISTING TALL BUILDINGS 16 Turning Torso Cayan Tower United Tower Evolution Tower SOHO Li Ze Sweden Dubai Bahrain Moscow Beijing (190m) (90 deg) (306m) (90 deg) (189m) (180 deg) (246m) (180 deg) (207m) Twisted Twin Tower 2. HVAC System and Building Design Integration Challenges 17 in Mega Tall Buildings Mega Tall Buildings Super Tall Buildings Tomorrow Yesterday 90% Mixed Use 90% Single Use Towers Vs Towers 18 Many 400 – 500m Majority 300m Tall Tall and Even Over 800m 2.1 DEMANDING OWNER, DESIGNERS, OPERATORS AND TENANTS Owner – the top-most developer in the city Major Capital Investment – about US$2 billion for a 300,000 sq.m. mega tall tower 19 Designers – the most well-known world class architects in the world like ASGG, Foster, Gensler, KPF, SOM, etc. Operators – 6 star brand name hotel Tenants – Global financial institution and banking 2.2 DEMANDING BUILDING CRITERIA Iconic, Visionary, Shocking and Landmark Tower Grade AAA Office Building 6 Star Hotel 20 Brand Name Hotel Services Apartment Breath-taking and “WOW” Observation Deck LEED and WELL Platinum Grade Sustainable and Smart Building Standard 2.2 DEMANDING BUILDING CRITERIA High Floor Efficiency for Good Return of Capital Investment and Marketability Excellent Vertical Transportation System and 21 Performance Smart and Safe Structural System Fire and Lift Safety Energy Efficient HVAC/MEP System with Good Operational Reliability, Flexibility and Maintainability Case Studies 1 Shanghai Tower, China Shanghai Tower (632m) Height : 632m Floors : 128 floors GFA: 560,000m2 Usage : Grade A Office, 5-star Hotel, CEO Office, Cultural Centre Architect : Gensler Engineer MEP & VTS (WSP) Scope : Owner’s Engineer LEED CxA Case Studies 2 Guangzhou and Tianjin CTF Finance Centre, China Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre (530m) Height : 530m Floors : 118 floors Club 2 Hotel GFA: 400,000m Service Usage : Grade A Office, Apartment 5-star Hotel, SA Architect : KPF Office Engineer MEP & VTS (WSP) Scope : Design Consultancy Tianjin CTF Finance Centre (530m) Height : 530m Club Floors: 100 floors 2 Hotel GFA: 350,000m Usage: Grade A Office, 5-star Hotel, Service Apartment SA Architect : SOM Office Engineer MEP, VTS & FE (WSP) Scope : Design consultancy Podium/ Retail/ Parking Case Studies 3 Beijing SOHO Li Ze Twin Tower, China Beijing SOHO Li Ze Twin Tower (207m) Height : 207m Floors : 46 floors GFA: 173,000m2 Usage : Grade A Office, Architect : Zaha Hadid Engineer MEP & VTS (WSP) Scope : Design Consultancy.