IDEOLOGIC A TJ\ (^ SOCIETY^) TRANSACTIONS OF THE GEOLOGICAL, SOCIETY, ESTABLISHED NOVEMBER IS, 1807. VOLUME THE SECOND. Quod si cui mortalium cordi et curse sit, non tantum inventis haerere, atque iis uti, sed ad ulteriora penetrare; atque non disputando adversarium, sed opere naturam vincere; denique non belle et probabiliter opinari, sed certo et ostensive scire; tales, tanquam veri scientiarum filii, nobis (si ridebitur) se adjungant. Novum Organum, Pr&fatio* LONDON: PRINTED AND SOLD BY WILLIAM PHILLIPS, GEORGE YARD, LOMBARD STREET, 1814. OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY, ELECTED FEBRUARY 4, 1814. OFFICERS. PRESIDENT, The Hon. HENRY GREY BENNET, M.P. F.R.S. VICE-PRESIDENTS, WILLIAM BLAKE, Esq. F.R.S. j GEORGE BELLAS GREENOUGH, Esq. F.R,S>. Sir HENRY ENGLEFIELD,Bart.F.R.L. & A.S. j JOHN MACCULLOCH, MD. F.L.S SECRETARIES, ARTHUR AIKIN, Esq. | HENRY WARBURTON, Esq. F.R.S. FOREIGN SECRETARY, SAMUEL SOLLY, Esq. F.R.S. TREASURERS, WILLIAM HASLEDINE PEPYS, Esq. F.R.S. [ SAMUEL WOODS, Esq. COUNCIL. The Hon. LORD COMPTON, M.P. PETER ROGET, M.D. SAMUEL DAVIS, Esq. F.R.S. SMITHSON TENNANT, Esq. F.R.S. Prof. Chem. Camb. ROBERT FERGUSON, Esq. F.R.S. SAMUEL TURNER, Esq. JAMES LAIRD, M.D. JOHN WHISHAW, Esq. ALEXANDER MARCET, M.D. F.R.S. WILLIAM HYDE WOLLASTON, M.D. THOMAS MURDOCH, Esq. F.R.S. Sec. R.S. JAMES PARKINSON, Esq. KEEPER OF THE MUSEUM AND DRAUGHTSMAN* Mr. THOMAS WEBSTER. TRUSTEES OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. GEORGE BELLAS GREENOUGH, Esq. Sir ABRAHAM HUME, Bart. M.P. FRANCIS HORNER, Esq. M.P. WILLIAM BABINGTON, M.D» ROBERT FERGUSON, Esq. DAVID RICARDO, Esq. SAMUEL WOODS, Esq. ADVERTISEMENT. THE Editors of the Transactions of the Geological Society are directed to make it known to the Public, that the Authors alone are responsible for the facts and opinions contained in their respective papers. Geological Society, September 1, 1814. SOCIETY.J PLATES AND MAPS IN ILLUSTRATION OF THE SECOND VOLUME OF THE TRANSACTIONS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. LONDON: PRINTED AND SOLD BY WILLIAM PHILLIPS^ GEORGE YARD, LOMBARD STREET. 1814..