Public Disclosure Authorized Republic of Uganda Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries REGIONAL PASTORAL LIVELIHOOD RESILIENCE PROJECT-RPLRP Public Disclosure Authorized SOCIAL ASSESSMENT Public Disclosure Authorized FINAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized October, 2013 i TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................xiii 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Status of livestock production in North-Eastern Districts ..................................................... 1 1.2 Project Description ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Environmental and Social Challenges in the Project Area ............................................................ 4 1.3.1 Project Components ............................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Rational of the Social Assessment ................................................................................................ 5 1.5 Objectives of the Social Impact Assessment ................................................................................. 6 1.6 Study Methodology ....................................................................................................................... 6 1.6.1 Kick-off Meetings .................................................................................................................. 6 1.6.2 Sampling ................................................................................................................................ 6 1.6.3 Stakeholder Consultations and Engagement ........................................................................ 7 1.6.4 Document Review ................................................................................................................. 8 1.6.5 World Bank Safeguard Policies ............................................................................................. 9 1.6.6 Data Analysis and Report Writing ......................................................................................... 9 1.6.7 Limitation of the Study .......................................................................................................... 9 2 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................ 11 2.1 Policy Framework ........................................................................................................................ 11 2.1.1 Draft National Land Policy 2011.......................................................................................... 11 2.1.2 National Policy for Older Persons 2009 .............................................................................. 11 2.1.3 National Trade Policy 2008. ................................................................................................ 12 ii 2.1.4 The National Water Policy 1999 ......................................................................................... 12 2.1.5 The National Policy for Disaster Preparedness and Management (2010) .......................... 12 2.1.6 The Draft Uganda Rangeland and Pastoralism Policy 2012 ................................................ 12 2.2 The Legal Framework .................................................................................................................. 12 2.2.1 Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995 .................................................................... 12 2.2.2 The Equal Opportunities Commission Act, 2007 ................................................................ 13 2.2.3 The National Environment Act ............................................................................................ 13 2.2.4 The Uganda Wild Life Act .................................................................................................... 13 2.2.5 The Local Government Act, 1997 ........................................................................................ 14 2.3 Institutional Frameworks ............................................................................................................ 14 2.3.1 Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development ......................................................... 14 2.3.2 The Uganda Human Rights Commission ............................................................................. 14 2.3.3 The Equal Opportunities Commission................................................................................. 14 2.3.4 Ministry in Charge of Karamoja Affairs ............................................................................. 14 2.3.5 Non Governmental Organizations ...................................................................................... 15 2.4 Key Supportive Strategies ........................................................................................................... 16 2.4.1 Development Strategic Implementation Plan (DSIP 2010/11 – 2014/15) .......................... 16 2.4.2 The Social Development Sector Strategic Investment Plan (SDIP 2)2011/12 – 2015/16 ... 16 2.4.3 National Development Plan (NDP 2010-2014): .................................................................. 17 2.4.4 Uganda Strategic Investment Framework for Sustainable Land Management 2010 – 2020 17 2.4.5 Water for Production Strategy and Investment Plan 2010 – 2035, and Draft National Irrigation Master Plan ......................................................................................................................... 17 2.4.6 National Peace, Reconstruction and Development Plan (PRDP) for Northern Uganda ..... 17 2.4.7 Karamoja Integrated Development Programme (KIDP) (2011-2015) ................................. 17 2.4.8 Karamoja Action Plan for Food Security (2011 - 2014) ....................................................... 17 iii 2.5 THE WORLD BANK OPERATIONAL POLICIES ............................................................................... 18 2.5.1 O.P 4.10 Indigenous Peoples............................................................................................... 18 2.5.2 O.P 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement .................................................................................... 18 3 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROPOSED THE REGIONAL PASTROL LIVELIHOODS RESILIENCE PROJECT IN THE PROJECT AREAS ............................................................................................................................... 19 3.1 Screening of Indigenous, Vulnerable & Marginalized Groups in the Project Areas ................... 19 3.1.1 Definition of Indigenous People.......................................................................................... 20 3.1.2 Marginalized Groups ........................................................................................................... 24 3.1.3 Vulnerable Groups .............................................................................................................. 24 4 SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMICS and CHALLENGES OF REGIONAL AREAS ................................. 29 4.1 Overview of the Karamoja Region .............................................................................................. 29 4.1.1 Population ........................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.2 Ethnicity in Karamoja Region .............................................................................................. 31 4.1.3 Indigenous Peoples in Project operational Areas (The IK Community) .............................. 32 4.1.4 Gender Status in Karamoja Region ..................................................................................... 32 4.1.5 Land Use and Settlement .................................................................................................... 33 4.1.6 Livelihoods in Karamoja ...................................................................................................... 33 4.1.7 Livelihoods and poverty in Karamoja .................................................................................. 34 4.1.8 Poverty and Income Levels amongst the Karamojong........................................................ 37 4.1.9 Literacy Levels ..................................................................................................................... 37 4.1.10 Safe Water Coverage .......................................................................................................... 38 4.1.11 Protection and Conservation of Water Resources.............................................................. 38 4.1.12 Latrines Coverage ................................................................................................................ 39 4.1.13 Rangeland Management Practices ..................................................................................... 39 4.1.14 Transhumance / Seasonal migrations ................................................................................. 40 iv 4.1.15 Roles and Responsibilities in Rangeland Management and Decision Making .................... 40 4.1.16