KRIEGLER AND WAKI REPORTS SUMMARISED VERSION Revised Edition 2009 Design and Printing by Primark Ventures Tel: +254 20 224 6853 / +254 20 216 1894 Cell: +254 720 852856 / +254 720 831645 email: [email protected] Kriegler and Waki Reports on 2007 Elections Contents List of Acronyms ...................................................................... v Acknowledgments .................................................................... vi Foreword ............................................................................... vii Preface ................................................................................. viii Part I THE INDEPENDENT REVIEW COMMITTEE (IREC) ...................x The Independent Review Committee (IREC) ............................... 1 Background and Task ................................................................1 Findings & Verdict .................................................................... 1 The Constitutional and Legal Framework ............................................................1 Recommendations.................................................................................................3 The Organization Structure and Operation of Elections ....................................3 Recommendations...............................................................................................10 Other players in the electoral process and the 2007 election fall out .................12 Recommendations...............................................................................................15 Organizational Conduct of the 2007 General Elections ....................................16 Recommendations...............................................................................................24 Vote Counting and Tallying ................................................................................32 Recommendations...............................................................................................36 Post Election Procedures .....................................................................................36 Recommendation ................................................................................................42 Part 2 THE APPOINTMENT OF THE COMMISSION OF INQUIRY INTO THE POST ELECTION VIOLENCE (CIPEV) ..............................46 The Appointment of the Commission of Inquiry into the Post Election Violence (CIPEV) ....................................................................47 The Public Hearings ..........................................................................................47 Countdown to Hell: A Background of the Post Election Crisis in Kenya ......................................................................................48 Conclusion ..........................................................................................................52 Kriegler and Waki Reports on 2007 Elections iii Kriegler and Waki Reports on 2007 Elections CIPEV Findings on Post Election Violence .......................................................53 On the Causes and Patterns of the Post- Election Violence ..............................53 How The Post Election Violence affected Kenyans: Regional Accounts of PEV .................................................................................58 Rift Valley ...........................................................................................................58 Western Province ................................................................................................60 Nyanza Province .................................................................................................61 Nairobi Province ................................................................................................63 Central Province .................................................................................................64 Coast Province ....................................................................................................65 Specific highlights on Sexual Violence, the Situation of IDPs and the Media ..................................................................66 Sexual Violence ...................................................................................................66 Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) ....................................................................67 The Media and the Post Election Violence .......................................................68 Recommendations of the CIPEV .......................................................................69 iv Kriegler and Waki Reports on 2007 Elections Kriegler Report-Summarised Version List of Acronyms AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AP Administration Police CIPEV Commission of Inquiry into Post Election Violence CREAW Centre for Rights Education and Awareness CSOs Civil Society Organizations ECK Electoral Commission of Kenya FIDA Federation of Women Lawyers GBVU Gender-Based Violence Units GOK Government of Kenya GSU General Service Unit GVRC Gender Violence Recovery Centre IDPs Internally Displaced Persons IREC Independent Review Committee KANU Kenya African National Union KARI Kenya Agricultural Research Institute KEFRI Kenya Forestry Research Institute KHRC Kenya Human Rights Commission KNCHR Kenya National Commission on Human Rights MOU Memorandum of Understanding MPs Members of Parliament NARC National Rainbow Coalition NSAC National Security Advisory Committee NCCK National Council of Churches of Kenya NGO Non-Governmental Organization NSIS National Security Intelligence Service OCPD Officer Commanding Police Division OCS Officer Commanding Station ODM Orange Democratic Movement PEV Post Election Violence PNU Party of National Unity PPO Provincial Police Officer SLDF Sabaot Land Defense Force UNFPA United Nations Fund for Population Activities UNIFEM United Nations Development Fund for Women DEC District Election Coordinators KEDOF Kenya Elections Domestic Observation Forum ACE Administration on Cost of Elections KLRC Kenya Law Reform Commission MCK Media Council of Kenya Kriegler and Waki Reports on 2007 Elections v Kriegler Report-Summarised Version Acknowledgments The Dialogue Africa Foundation would like to thank several parties that were involved in facilitating the process of coming up with this simplified version of these two important reports in the history of this country. Despite clear time pressures, several friends of peace, consultants and dialogue part- ners availed themselves at short notice to accomplish the exercise. We are grateful to the Konrad Adenauer Foundation and particularly the Resident Representative in Nairobi, Anke, Christine Lerch for positively lis- tening to the need for this material and agreeing to support its production. We remain grateful to the endless dedication and cooperation received from the staff of the organization particularly the efforts of Gideon Ochanda, Alice Amayo and Mrs. Roselyne Wekesa who were critically helpful with consultations and advise even amidst real pressure of time as we worked to produce the handbook. Nevertheless, other staff members and partners of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation in the democratization family, and for whom we have been able to make contact are all appreciated in this effort since in one way or the other, their contributions, magnanimity and experi- ences have inspired this effort. Finally, we wish to sincerely thank the Board of Trustees of Dialogue Africa Foundation, members of the Secretariat; Jacob Atiang’ and Ishmael Osano, our panel of reviewers, consultants and the printers who worked tirelessly in making this handbook a reality. We do, however, take any responsibility for whatever professional errors and inaccuracies that may have escaped our attention and will not hesitate in reviewing them anytime in future. May your reading of this handbook go a long way into shedding light on the critical debate against incessant impunity in this country, and the drive for institutional reforms following the 2007 post election crisis. Dialogue Africa Foundation, 2009 vi Kriegler and Waki Reports on 2007 Elections Kriegler Report-Summarised Version Foreword Kenya has been at a political cross road ever since the close of the 2007 general elections. While there has been relative peace, general calmness and a running government, the situation has remained fairly fragile and uncertain. The brokered settlement or the National Accord process laid out a series of ‘must dos’ through its agenda resolutions and gave time lines if the national healing and reconstruction were to be realized. The ‘must dos’ included the setting up of commissions to investigate, examine and recom- mend on circumstances that surrounded the post election violence and to further scrutinize the country’s electoral process with a view of initiating and guiding electoral reforms to avoid future electoral chaos. In line with the Accord, the commissions set up came out with brave and damning revelations. As was expected, the findings have elicited heated de- bate particularly within the political class to an extent that it is moving the country to an even increased dilemma. The political class is looking at the reports not in terms of their objects and intent but more in terms of politi- cal gains and losses. Those that see gains, are on top of things and want the reports implemented yesterday. Those on the receiving end have narrowed the reports to mischief and intent to squeeze out ‘bad’ boys from the 2012 election map. The raging debate