Compiled by M&G Educational Staff. ©2005, 2007, 2012 BJU Museum & Gallery, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. (12245) 03/12 elcome to the educational outreach of the W Museum & Gallery at Bob Jones University. Many of the programs and ma- terials we offer are newly developed, and we are eager to introduce them to teachers in public, private, and home schools across the United States. Our collection includes more than 450 Old Master paintings, spanning the 14th through the 19th centuries. Noted artists from Italy, Spain, France, England, Germany, and the Netherlands are all represented. M&G’s collection also includes Russian icons with representative works from the 14th through the 20th centuries. There are also more than 1,000 antiquities in the collection, displayed on a rotating basis. These objects span 37 centuries and include representative works from Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Roman, and Hebrew cultures as well as representative samples from late Gothic through the 19th century. This title is one of the many means we are providing to help you introduce your students to these great masterworks and marvelous artifacts. As you scan the guide, you will see Roman numerals under the lesson titles. This information refers to the National Visual Arts Content Standards, which have been designed to improve student literacy in the fine arts. The Roman numerals represent the content standard the lesson fulfills. A de- tailed overview of these standards for all grade levels can be found at: http:// www.myscschools.com/offices/cso/standards/vpa/documents/vpa_standards.pdf. In addition to guides like this one, we also offer teacher seminars, special lectures, and numerous student programs and activities. On-site tours for elementary, junior/senior high school, and college level students are also available. For more information, visit www.bjumg.org or contact M&G at 864-770-1331. Sincerely, Donnalynn Hess Director of Education Museum & Gallery at Bob Jones University Table of Contents Unit Study Lessons supplement Marguerite Makes a Book, written by Bruce Robertson, illustrated by Kathryn Hewitt, and published by the J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles. Unit 1 – Art History Lessons Lesson 1: Manuscript Books and Illumination Manuscript Books and Illumination Worksheet (reproducible) Lesson 2: Church Architecture of the Middle Ages Church Architecture Worksheet 1(reproducible) Church Architecture Worksheet 2 (reproducible) Lesson 3: Art of the Middle Ages Unit 2 – Cross-Curricular Lessons Lesson 1: Science: The Invention of Spectacles Science Worksheet (reproducible) Lesson 2: Geography: The Seine River of Paris Geography Worksheet (reproducible) Lesson 3: Social Studies: The Feudal System of the Middle Ages Social Studies Worksheet (reproducible) Social Studies Castle Worksheet (reproducible) Unit 3 – Art Activity Lessons Lesson 1: Illuminate Your Name Lesson 2: Egg Tempera Painting Lesson 3: Book Binding Appendix A: Worksheet Answer Keys B: Directions for Accessing Online Images C: Photo Credits thousand words” really takes on significant meaning. Today we are going to talk about a special kind of nit 1, Lesson 1 decorating with pictures. Six hundred years ago artists U would decorate expensive books with pictures. Often the Manuscript Books and Illumination pictures would explain the meaning of the words, much like illustrating a book helps to clarify the ideas. This was called illuminating the book (or manuscript). In our story, Marguerite’s father is one such important artist. National Visual Standards: IA; IIIB; IVA,B,C; VIC Lesson Goal: I. Read the first chapter ofMarguerite to the stu- dents. Elementary students will know why books and II. Ask comprehension questions. manuscripts were illuminated. A. Who is paying for this beautiful book to be made? 1. Lady Isabelle Objective: 2. She is called a patron because she is order- Students will be able to identify three reasons for ing the book to be made especially for her manuscript illumination. and paying for it. Her rude steward André came to check on the book’s progress. Materials: B. What kind of book is it? Marguerite Makes a Book 1. A prayer book, called a book of hours A Bible with a Family Heritage section in the front 2. “It was a book used for private prayer in Access www.bjumg.org and use your login to print the Middle Ages. Books of hours were a copy of M&G’s illuminated book called an named after the way in which their texts antiphonary. (See Appendix B for directions to were divided according to the hours of use online images.) the day. They were usually illustrated and sometimes included a portrait of the person who had paid for the book.” (See the glossary in the back of Marguerite.) C. Which people had a part in making the beautiful book? Many times, more than one person helped make the book. 1. Chrétien, the scribe, first wrote the words of the book on the parchment pages. Picture book and a technical book to contrast in He would have known how to read and point III. B. 1. would have had very neat handwriting. He Manuscript Books and Illumination Worksheet probably would have written the words in (reproducible) a beautiful writing style called calligraphy. 2. Papa Jacques, the painter, then received the calligraphy pages and decorated them Methods: with pictures. (Show the students the first Introduction page of Chapter 1 of Marguerite, and call Introduce the lesson with a discussion about attention to the decorative border around traveling in a foreign country. the words.) Many times the illuminator When you are traveling in a foreign country and do not would enlarge and decorate the first letter know how to speak the language of that country, you are of the first word on each page. (Point out very excited to see signs with pictures that have universal the large “I” on that same page.) meanings, or meanings that everyone can understand. 3. Monks also worked to copy and decorate The pictures can help you more than the words written in manuscripts of the Bible or other church a foreign language. The picture might even save you the books. embarrassment of going into a restroom for the opposite gender. In this scenario the phrase “A picture is worth a 4 III. Teach more details about illuminated manu- Assessment: scripts through questions such as the following: The student will correctly answer six of the eight A. What kinds of books were illuminated? Would they multiple-choice questions on the Manuscript Books have been church books, schoolbooks, instruction and Illumination Worksheet. books, cookbooks? 1. Prayer books, books of hours 2. Bibles; even now the front pages of many Sources: Bibles have a family heritage section that Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Illuminated Manu- is illuminated. (Show a Bible with these scripts. Exhibition: December 10, 1989—March 4, pages.) 1990. Museum of Fine Arts, St. Petersburg, FL. 3. Songbooks (Show image of M&G’s an- tiphonary.) Internet Sources: B. Why would wealthy people want their church books www.ku.edu/~bookhist/medbook1.html (Clement, to be illuminated? Richard W. “Medieval and Renaissance Book 1. Beauty Production,” Online Reference Book for Medieval Compare a book with pictures to a book Studies) with no pictures. (Show examples of a picture book and a technical book.) www.leavesofgold.org Which kind of book do you like better? 2. Uniqueness (Note: websites were current at the time of publication.) Something that is unique is special, one of a kind, unlike any other. Sometimes the artist would “personalize” the illustrations. The artist could paint a portrait of a wealthy person, such as the character Lady Isabelle, on one of the pages. (Show the students the picture of Lady Isabelle in Chapter 3 in Marguerite.) 3. Family Treasure These books were so rare and expensive that they would be passed down through the family as a treasured memory. C. Why were illuminated manuscripts so expensive? 1. The books took a long time to make. 2. The books were handmade, not mass- produced. The invention of the printing press (c. 1450) was not yet in wide use. (See Unit 3, Lesson 3, “Book Binding.”) 3. The scribe, monk, or artist would have to be very careful in his work. Making one mistake would require starting a page over again! 5 Manuscript Books Name: and Illumination Worksheet Marguerite Makes a Book, Unit 1 Lesson 1 1. “A ________ is worth a thousand words.” 6. Which of the following people helped to make a. saying and decorate the illuminated books? Select all b. picture of the correct answers. c. coin a. artist d. book b. teacher c. scribe 2. Decorating a book using fancy designs and d. monk pictures is called ________. a. coloring 7. Wealthy patrons wanted their books to be b. drawing illuminated for several reasons. Which of the c. writing following was NOT a reason? d. illuminating a. The books were family treasures. b. Illuminated books were beautiful. 3. What is the term used to describe a person c. Illuminating was a waste of time. who commissions or orders a book to be d. Illuminating made the books unique. made and then pays for it? a. bookworm 8. Illuminated manuscripts were expensive to b. artist make because they were ________. c. patron a. hand-made d. scribe b. machine-made c. factory-made 4. What kinds of books were most likely to be d. quickly-made illuminated in the Middle Ages? a. instruction book b. cookbook c. textbook d. church book 5. What kind of church book is Lady Isabelle requesting? a. prayer book b. songbook c. Bible d. textbook Reproducible for student use ©2007 BJU M&G, Inc. now they had never seen a church that looked quite like this.