SpringBoard Academic Vocabulary for Grades 10 - 11 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.L.6 Acquire and use accurately a range of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in gathering vocabulary knowledge when encountering an unknown term important to comprehension or expression. English 9 UNIT 1: analogy: a comparison between two things for the purpose of drawing conclusions on one based on its similarities to the other claim: a thesis statement describing the position the writer is taking on an issue connotation: the associations and emotional overtones attached to a word beyond its literal definition or denotation; a connotation may be positive, negative, or neutral counterclaim: a position taken by someone with an opposing viewpoint denotation: the literal definition of a word diction: an author’s choice of words ethos: an appeal to ethics, trustworthiness inference: a conclusion about ideas or information not directly stated logos: an appeal to logic pathos: an appeal to emotions syntax: the arrangement of words & punctuation for effect tone: a writer’s or speaker’s attitude toward the subject. Tone is conveyed through the person’s choice of words and detail voice: a writer’s (or speaker’s) distinctive use of language to express ideas as well as his or her persona SpringBoard Academic Vocabulary for Grades 10 - 11 UNIT 2: allusion: a reference made to a well-known person, event, or place from history, music, art, or another literary work figurative language: imaginative language or figures of speech not meant to be taken literally imagery: the use of details that appeal to one or more of the 5 senses irony: a literary device that exploits readers’ expectations; irony occurs when what is expected turns out to be quite different from what actually happens. dramatic irony: a form of irony in which the reader or audience knows more about the circumstances or future events in a story than the characters within it verbal irony: occurs when a speaker or narrator says one thing while meaning the opposite situational irony: occurs when an event contradicts the expectations of the characters or the reader mood: the atmosphere or general feeling in a literary work textual evidence: the details, quotations, and examples from a text that support the analysis or argument presented theme: a writer’s central idea or main message about life; see also explicit theme, implied theme UNIT 3: censorship: the act of suppressing public speech or publication of materials deemed to be offensive by the censor context: the circumstances or conditions in which something takes place dynamic (or rounded) character: a character who changes in response to the events of a narrative motif: a recurrent image, symbol, theme, character type, subject, or narrative detail that becomes a unifying element in an artistic work or text SpringBoard Academic Vocabulary for Grades 10 - 11 plagiarize: the unattributed use of another writer’s words or ideas plot: the sequence of related events that make up a story or novel primary source: an original document or individual containing firsthand information about a subject rhetoric: the art of using words to persuade in writing or speaking secondary source: discussion about or commentary on a primary source; the key feature of a secondary source is that it offers an interpretation of information gathered from primary sources static (or flat) character: a character who is uncomplicated and stays the same without changing or growing during the story subplot: a secondary or side story that supports the main plot and usually involves minor characters symbol: anything that represents itself but also stands for something else on a figurative level UNIT 5: argument: a form of writing that presents a particular opinion or idea and supports it with evidence call to action: a restatement of the claim and what the writer wants the reader to do claim: a position statement (or thesis) that asserts an idea or makes an argument for a specific position concession: an admission in an argument that the opposing side has what appear to be valid points counterclaim: a position taken by someone with an opposing viewpoint evidence: the information that supports or proves an idea or claim; forms of evidence include facts, statistics (numerical facts), expert opinions, examples, and anecdotes anecdotal evidence: evidence based on personal accounts of incidents SpringBoard Academic Vocabulary for Grades 10 - 11 empirical evidence: evidence based on experiences and direct observation through research logical evidence: evidence based on facts and a clear rationale foil: a character whose actions or thoughts are juxtaposed against those of a major character in order to highlight key attributes of the major character hook: an interesting quotation, anecdote, or example at the beginning of a piece of writing that grabs the reader’s attention monologue: a dramatic speech delivered by a single character in a play refutation: the reasoning used to disprove an opposing point soliloquy: a long speech delivered by an actor alone on the stage representing his or her internal thoughts subtext: the underlying or implicit meaning in dialogue or the implied relationship between characters in a book, movie, play, or film; the subtext of a work is not explicitly stated synthesis: the act of combining ideas from different sources to create, express, or support a new idea SpringBoard Academic Vocabulary for Grades 10 - 11 English 10 CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.CCRA.L.6 Acquire and use accurately a range of general academic and domain-specific words and phrases sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in gathering vocabulary knowledge when encountering an unknown term important to comprehension or expression. UNIT 1: allusion: a reference made to a well-known person, event, or place from history, music, art, or another literary work argument: a form of writing that presents a particular opinion or idea and supports it with evidence claim: a position statement (or thesis) that asserts an idea or makes an argument for a specific position concession: an admission in an argument that the opposing side has what appear to be valid points counterclaim: a position taken by someone with an opposing viewpoint figurative language: imaginative language or figures of speech not meant to be taken literally refutation: the reasoning used to disprove an opposing point symbol: anything that represents itself but also stands for something else on a figurative level syntax: the arrangement of words & punctuation for effect synthesis: the act of combining ideas from different sources to create, express, or support a new idea thematic statement: an interpretive statement articulating the central meaning or message of a text theme: a writer’s central idea or main message about life; see also explicit theme, implied theme SpringBoard Academic Vocabulary for Grades 10 - 11 tone: a writer’s or speaker’s attitude toward the subject. Tone is conveyed through the person’s choice of words and detail voice: a writer’s (or speaker’s) distinctive use of language to express ideas as well as his or her persona UNIT 2: stereotype: an oversimplified, generalized conception, opinion, and/or image about particular groups of people artifact: an object made by a human being, typically an item that has cultural or historical significance empirical evidence: evidence based on experiences and direct observation through research logical evidence: evidence based on facts and a clear rationale anecdotal evidence: evidence based on personal accounts of incidents fallacy: a false or misleading argument memoir: an autobiographical account of the personal experiences of the author persona: the voice assumed by a writer to express ideas or beliefs that may not be his or her own UNIT 3: archetype: universal symbols (images, characters, motifs, or patterns) that recur in myths art, and literature throughout the world characterization: the methods a writer uses to develop characters epigraph: a phrase, quotation, or poem that is set at the beginning of a document or component SpringBoard Academic Vocabulary for Grades 10 - 11 foil: a character whose actions or thoughts are juxtaposed against those of a major character in a way that highlights key attributes folk tale: a story without a known author that has been preserved through oral retellings foreshadowing: the use of hints or clues in a narrative to suggest future action hamartia: a tragic hero’s fatal flaw; an ingrained character trait that causes the hero to make decisions that ultimately lead to his or her own destruction irony: a literary device that exploits readers’ expectations; irony occurs when what is expected turns out to be quite different from what actually happens. dramatic irony: a form of irony in which the reader or audience knows more about the circumstances or future events in a story than the characters within it verbal irony: occurs when a speaker or narrator says one thing while meaning the opposite situational irony: occurs when an event contradicts the expectations of the characters or the reader motif: a recurrent image, symbol, theme, character type, subject, or narrative detail that becomes a unifying element in an artistic work or text plagiarize: the unattributed use of another writer’s words or ideas proverb: a short saying about a general