Planning Report Calumet County Inventory & Trends Report For the Development of Local Comprehensive Plans and the Calumet County Comprehensive Plan Adopted May 2007 Comprehensive Amendment February 2012 Minor Amendment December 2016 Calumet County Inventory and Trends Report Contents Page 1. Issues and Opportunities ...................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Regional Perspective ............................................................................................... 1-5 1.3 Planning Process ..................................................................................................... 1-6 1.4 Planning Framework and Reporting Process .......................................................... 1-7 1.5 Public Participation Efforts ..................................................................................... 1-8 1.6 Trends and Opportunities ...................................................................................... 1-16 2. Population and Housing ....................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Population Characteristics ...................................................................................... 2-2 2.2 Population Forecasts ............................................................................................. 2-11 2.3 Housing Characteristics ........................................................................................ 2-17 2.4 Housing Unit Forecasts ......................................................................................... 2-28 2.5 Household Forecasts ............................................................................................. 2-30 2.6 Housing Programs ................................................................................................. 2-35 2.7 Population and Housing Trends and Outlook ....................................................... 2-37 3. Transportation ...................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Existing Road System ............................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Road Functional/Jurisdictional Classification ........................................................ 3-4 3.3 Traffic Volume Trends ........................................................................................... 3-9 3.4 Crash Trends ......................................................................................................... 3-11 3.5 Additional Modes of Transport ............................................................................. 3-12 3.6 Existing Transportation Plans ............................................................................... 3-18 3.7 Planned Transportation Improvements ................................................................. 3-22 3.8 Transportation Programs ....................................................................................... 3-24 3.9 Transportation Trends and Outlook ...................................................................... 3-27 4. Utilities and Community Facilities ...................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 County Administrative Facilities and Services ....................................................... 4-1 4.2 Local Administrative Facilities, Services, and Buildings ....................................... 4-3 4.3 Protective Services ................................................................................................ 4-10 4.4 School Facilities .................................................................................................... 4-19 4.5 Quasi Public Facilities .......................................................................................... 4-22 4.6 Parks, Recreation, and Open Space ...................................................................... 4-25 4.7 Locally Owned Parks, Recreation, and Open Space ............................................. 4-27 4.8 Trails ..................................................................................................................... 4-39 4.9 Private Park and Recreational Facilities ............................................................... 4-40 4.10 Solid Waste Management and Recycling ............................................................. 4-40 4.11 Communication and Power Facilities ................................................................... 4-44 4.12 Sanitary Sewer Service ......................................................................................... 4-53 i Contents (Continued) Page 4.13 Private On-site Wastewater Treatment Systems (POWTS).................................. 4-58 4.14 Public Water Supply ............................................................................................. 4-60 4.15 Stormwater Management ...................................................................................... 4-64 4.16 Health Care Facilities ............................................................................................ 4-67 4.17 Day Care Facilities ................................................................................................ 4-68 4.18 Utilities and Community Facilities Programs ....................................................... 4-70 4.19 Utilities, Community Facilities, and Services Trends and Outlook...................... 4-71 5. Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources ..................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Soils......................................................................................................................... 5-2 5.2 Agriculture & Farmland .......................................................................................... 5-9 5.3 Forests and Woodlands ......................................................................................... 5-16 5.4 Topography ........................................................................................................... 5-19 5.5 Geology ................................................................................................................. 5-19 5.6 Metallic and Non-Metallic Mineral Resources ..................................................... 5-22 5.7 Wetlands ............................................................................................................... 5-22 5.8 Basins and Watersheds ......................................................................................... 5-25 5.9 Floodplains ............................................................................................................ 5-26 5.10 Surface Water Features ......................................................................................... 5-28 5.11 Groundwater ......................................................................................................... 5-36 5.12 Water Quality ........................................................................................................ 5-46 5.13 Air Quality ............................................................................................................ 5-50 5.14 Environmental Corridors & Sensitive Areas ........................................................ 5-50 5.15 Wildlife Habitat .................................................................................................... 5-56 5.16 Threatened and Endangered Species .................................................................... 5-57 5.17 Historic and Cultural Resources ........................................................................... 5-58 5.18 Community Design ............................................................................................... 5-65 5.19 Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources Programs ..................................... 5-66 5.20 Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resource Trends and Outlook ...................... 5-70 6. Economic Development ....................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 Labor Force and Employment Analysis ................................................................. 6-2 6.2 Economic Base Analysis......................................................................................... 6-6 6.3 Employment Forecast ........................................................................................... 6-21 6.4 Economic Development Programs ....................................................................... 6-25 6.5 Economic Development Trends and Outlook ....................................................... 6-29 7. Intergovernmental Cooperation ........................................................................................... 7-1 7.1 Multi-Jurisdictional Plan Building Process ............................................................ 7-3 7.2 Status of Planning in Neighboring Counties and Communities ............................. 7-4 7.3 Existing Intergovernmental Relationships .............................................................. 7-5 7.4 Wisconsin Intergovernmental Agreement Statutes ............................................... 7-10 7.5 Intergovernmental Plans and Programs Currently in Use....................................