This dissertation has been 69-15,943 microfilmed exactly as received MILLER, Henry Keith, 1934- COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF PROV ENTRICULI IN THE ORDER DICTYOPTERA: SUBORDER BLATTARIA. The Ohio State University, PiuD., 1969 Entomology University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan COMPAR ATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF PROVENTRICULI IN THE ORDER DICTYOPTERA: SUBORDER BLA TTA RIA DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Henry Keith Miller, B. S. in Educ. , M. S. Ent. s{s sje sjc $ 9jc # The Ohio State University 1969 Approved by A d v ise r Faculty of Entomology ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My sincere thanks go to Dr. Frank W. Fisk for his in­ valuable advice and encouragement during the course of this investigation, as well as the generous contribution of specimens from his personal collection. I would also like to express my deep appreciation for the numerous specimens contributed by the following persons: Dr. Louis M. Roth, Pioneering Research Laboratory, U. S. Army Natick Laboratories, Natick, Massachusetts; Dr. M. J. Mackerras, Division of Entomology, Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization; Dr. Ashley B. Gurney, National Museum, Washington, D. C. ; and Dr. Charles A. Triplehorn, Curator of Insects, The Ohio State University. Photographic illustrations herein were made possible by the generous cooperation of Dr. Paul A. Colinvaux, Faculty of Popula­ tion and Environmental Biology, The Ohio State University, who permitted the use of sophisticated photomicrography equipment. Technical advice was generously contributed by Dr. Colinvaux, Dr. Eileen K. Schofield, The Ohio State University, as well as Harold "Bo" Hagen, regional representative of Leitz, Inc. Thanks are also extended to Dr. S. S. Y. Young and Dr. D. E. Johnston of The Ohio State University Genetics and Entomology Faculties respectively, for their suggestions on handling portions of the data obtained from this study. VITA 1934 .................... Born February 9th, Patton, Pennsylvania 1956 .................... B. S. in Educ. , Capital University, Columbus, Ohio 1956-1959 . Lt. , U. S. Air Force Intelligence 1959 .................... Teacher, Gahanna Lincoln H. S. , Gahanna, Ohio 1960 .................... Graduate Teaching Assistant in Zoology and Entomology, The Ohio State University 196 1 . Research Assistant, Columbus Psychiatric Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 1962-1966 . Instructor and Assistant Professor, Biology Department, Capital University, Columbus, Ohio 1965-1969 Summers and Part-time . Entomologist, Encephalitis Project, Ohio Department of H ealth 1968 Summer . Osburn Fund Fellow, Faculty of Entomology, The Ohio State University PUBLICATION "A Laboratory Investigation of Maturation in the Cuban Burrowing Cockroach, Byrsotria fumigata (Guerin). " R. W. Fleischmann, H. K. M iller, and R. V. Skavaril, Ohio Journal of Science, Vol. 68: 11-17, January 1968. FIELDS OF GRADUATE STUDY Major Field: Entomology Medical Entomology. Dr. C. E. Venard, The Ohio State U n iv e rsity Insect Physiology, Dr. F. W. Fisk, The Ohio State U n iv e rsity v TABLE OF CONTENTS P ag e ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . ii VITA ........................... iv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS........................... ix INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 1 HISTORICAL REVIEW ...................................................................... 2 METHODS........................................... ; ................................................... 5 CLASSIFICATION ........................................................................................... 8 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE BLATTARIAN PROVENTRICULUS............................................... 17 TERMINOLOGY USED IN KEY ................................................... 18 PROVENTRICULUS DIAGRAM ............................................................... 22 TENTATIVE KEY TO SUBFAMILIES OF BL ATT ARIA BASED ON PROVENTRICULI............................ 23 PHOTOMICROGRAPHS.................................................................. 30 DESCRIPTIONS AND DISCUSSION................... 57 Family Cryptocercidae....................................................................... 57 Subfamily Cryptocercinae........................................................... 57 vi Page Family Blattidae....................................................................................... 58 Subfamily Lamproblattinae............................................................ 59 Subfamily Blattinae ............................................................ 60 Subfamily Polyzosterinae................................................................ 61 Family Polyphagidae............................................................................... 63 Subfamily Polyphaginae.................................................................... 63 Subfamily Holocompsinae....................................................... 65 Family Blattellidae....................................... 66 Subfamily Anaplectinae....................................................... 66 Subfamily Ectobiinae........................................................................ 67 Subfamily Nyctiborinae............................ 69 Subfamily Blattellinae........................................................................ 70 Subfamily Plectopterinae................................................... 72 Family Blaberidae................................................................................... 74 Subfamily Blaberinae....................................................................... 74 Subfamily Zetoborinae................................................................... 75 Subfamily Epilam prinae................................................................ 76 Subfamily Diplopterinae................................................................ 79 Subfamily Panchlorinae................................................................ 79 Subfamily Panesthiinae................................................................ 81 Subfamily Perisphaerinae............................................................ 83 v ii P age Subfamily Pycnoscelinae............................................................... 84 Subfamily Oxyhaloinae................................................................... 85 SUMMARY................................................................... 86 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 88 v iii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS P age Plate I. Diagram of Proventriculus................................................... 22 Fig. 1. Cryptocercus punctulatus Scudder.................................... 30 Fig. 2. Lamproblatta albipalpus Hebard ....................................... 30 Fig. 3. Lamproblatta meridionalis (Bruner). ....................... 30 Fig. 4. Lamproblatta romanii Rehn ............................................... 30 Fig. 5. Blatta orientalis Linnaeus ................................................... 30 Fig. 6. Celatoblatta subcorticaria Johns ............................... ’ 30 Fig. 7. Celatoblatta vulgaris Johns .................................. 31 Fig. 8. Deropeltis erythrocephala (Fabricius)........................... 31 Fig. 9. Hebardina sp ................................................................................. 31 Fig. 10. Henicotyle antillarum (Brunner)....................................... 31 Fig. 11. Henicotyle n. sp ......................................................................... 31 Fig. 12. Neostylopyga rhombifolia (Stoll) ....................................... 31 Fig. 13. Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus) ....................................... 32 Fig. 14. Peripaneta australasiae (Fabricius) ............................... 32 Fig. 15. Periplaneta brunnea Burm eister ....................................... 32 Fig. 16. Periplaneta fuliginosa (Serville) ................................... 32 Fig. 17. Periplaneta japonica Karny ................................................... 32 Fig. 18. Cosmozosteria trifasciata (Tepper) ................................... 32 ix P ag e Fig. 19. Drymaplaneta semivitta (Walker)...................................... 33 Fig. 20. Eurycotis biolleyi Rehn......................................................... 33 Fig. 21. Eurycotis decipiens (Kirby)................................................. 33 Fig. 22. Eurycotis floridana (Walker)................................................. 33 Fig. 23. Eurycotis n. sp............................ 33 Fig. 24. Methana convexa (Walker) ................................. 33 Fig. 25. Pelmatosilpha coriacea Rehn ............................................. 34 Fig. 26. Platyzosteria castanea (Brunner)..................................... 34 Fig. 27. Platyzosteria melanaria (Erichson) ................................. 34 Fig. 28. Polyzosteria limbata (Burmeister)................................. 34 Fig. 29. Polyzosteria viridissima Shelford..................................... 34 Fig. 30. Temnelytra truncata (Brunner)............................................. 34 Fig. 31. Arenivaga cervarae (Bolivar)................................................. 35 Fig. 32. Compsodes delicatulis (Saussure and Zehntner) . 35 Fig. 33. Homoeogamia mexicana (Burm eister) .............................. 35 Fig. 34. Latindia dohrniana (Saussure and Zehntner) .................