Zootaxa 3652 (2): 075–116 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3652.1.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:177AFC8A-F2D6-48D5-BB76-A28FDAD2A553 Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) of East Asia (2). Study of a collection sample deposited at the Russian Academy of Sciences, with descriptions of new species and a checklist AGNĖ ROCIENĖ & JONAS R. STONIS* Division of Biosystematics Research, Department of Biology, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, Studentu St. 39, Vilnius LT-08106, Lithuania. E-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author Abstract Over the few couple of decades, the Nepticulidae of East Asia have been the subject of continuing investigation. Male genitalia of the nepticulid species described from Primorskiy Kray (the Russian Far East) were re-examined in the preced- ing paper in this journal. The present paper continues our study on the diversity and systematics of the Nepticulidae of East Asia based on a sample of specimens collected in 1974–1990 at various sites of the southern part of Primorskiy Kray and treats 35 species: two new taxa (Ectoedemia ortiva sp. nov. and E. species 219) and 33 other species. Seventeen of them are briefly discussed and illustrated with photographs of male genitalia. Two new synonyms are proposed, and three new distribution records are provided. We also provide an updated checklist of the Nepticulidae of East Asia, which com- prises 105 species; 67 species occur in the Russian Far East and 53 in Japan (20 of which occur both in Japan and Russia). Species with Euro-East Asiatic distribution currently comprise 11% of the Japanese fauna and 16% of the continental fau- na of the Russian Far East, Primorskiy Kray. Key words: checklist, East Asia, Nepticulidae, new species, taxonomy Introduction Nepticulidae are a family of monotrysian Lepidoptera with about 800 described species worldwide. Studies of the East Asiatic fauna began in the early 20th century with the description of three species (Nepticula trifasciata, N. gimmonella and Trifurcula oishiella) by Matsumura (1931). Much later, Nepticulidae were briefly treated in “Illustrated Flora & Fauna of Korea” (Park 1983); however, no reliable species records were provided in that work. In 1984–1987 notable efforts were taken to raise our knowledge of the East Asiatic fauna of Nepticulidae from obscurity. A considerable increase in the number of species known from the continental East Asia resulted from the work of R. Puplesis (see Navickaitė et al. 2011a), who described 59 new species (51 currently recognized), mostly from Primorskiy Kray (Puplesis 1984a, 1984b, 1984c, 1984d, 1985, 1987; Puplesis & Ivinskis 1985). Later these species were reviewed (Puplesis 1994), followed by an annotated list of pests of cultivated plants (Kuznetzov & Puplesis 1994) and a key to the Nepticulidae of the Russian Far East (Puplesis & Diškus 1997). Most recently, Puplesis & Diškus (2003) provided a review and world catalogue of the Nepticuloidea and Tischerioidea, and (Sinev 2008) compiled a catalogue of the Lepidoptera of Russia. The initial stimulus for studying the Japanese fauna came from Kuroko (1978, 1982, 1989, 1990), who described two new species and provided other data on leaf-mining insects of Japan. The majority of the currently known fauna (25 currently recognized species) was described in 1985 by T. C. M. Kemperman and C. Wilkinson with biological data provided by H. Kuroko and T. Kumata (Kemperman & Wilkinson 1985). Over the following two decades, various authors continued investigations of the Nepticulidae in Japan (Kumata & Nakatani 1995; van Nieukerken & Kuroko 2005; Hirano 2010; Shinozaki et al. 2012), also Korea (Lee & Byun 2007), China (van Nieukerken & Liu 2000), and the Russian Far East (Puplesis & Diškus 2003). Male genitalia of the type material of the nepticulid species described from Primorskiy Kray (Russian Far east) were re- Accepted by J-F. Landry: 8 Apr. 2013; published: 15 May 2013 75 examined in the preceding paper in this journal (Stonis & Rocienė 2013), and the present paper continues our study on the diversity and systematics of the Nepticulidae of East Asia. Material and methods A sizeable collection sample of Nepticulidae was made available to the authors from the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg, Russia) (hereafter, ZIN). The material had been gathered by various collectors in 1974–1990 at seven sites in the southern part of Primorskiy Kray (Figs 1–4) (the collecting sites are listed below). Adult moths were collected by attracting them to mercury-vapour light from a lamp suspended slightly above eye-level and 5–10 cm in front of a white screen. Techniques for genitalia preparation and the protocol for descriptions were outlined in Stonis & Rocienė (2013). Permanent slides were studied and photographed using a Leica DM2500 microscope and Leica DFC420 digital camera, respectively. The terminology of morphological structures follows Johansson et al. (1990), Puplesis (1994), Puplesis & Robinson (2000), and Puplesis et al. (2002a, 2002b). Taxonomic nomenclature follows the world catalogue of the Nepticuloidea and Tischerioidea by Puplesis & Diškus (2003). Details of collecting localities presented in the checklist are abbreviated as follows: Andreevka Primorskiy Kray, Khasan District, Andreevka env., 42°38′ N, 131°07′ E. Barabash Levada Primorskiy Kray, Pogranichnyi District, Barabash Levada, 44°45′ N, 131°25′ E. Gornotayezhnoe Primorskiy Kray, 20 km E Ussuriysk, Gornotayezhnoe, 43°41′ N, 132°09′ E. Kedrovaya Pad Primorskiy Kray, Kedrovaya Pad‘ Nature Reserve,43°11′ N, 131°24′ E. Kamenushka Primorskiy Kray, Ussuriysk District, Kamenushka, 44°10′ N, 131°22′ E. Ryazanovka Primorskiy Kray, Khasan District, 10 km S Slavyanka, Ryazanovka, 42°47′ N, 131°14′ E. Zanadvorovka Primorskiy Kray, Khasan District, Zanadvorovka env., 43°18′ N, 131°37′ E. Description of new species Ectoedemia ortiva Rocienė & Stonis, sp. nov. (Figs 64–73) Material examined. Holotype: ♂, The Russian Far East, Primorskiy Kray, 20 km E Ussuriysk, Gornotayezhnoe, 12.vii.1983, leg. R. Puplesis, gen. slide no. AG 207 (ZIN). Diagnosis. This species belongs to the Ectoedemia suberis group. The male is recognized by the fuscous grey- brown hindwing with yellowish cream lamellar androconial scales surrounding the yellowish cream hair-pencil. Male genitalia are characterized by the shape of a large curved valva without the inner margin convex (in the majority species of the group, the valva is distinctly broad at basal part, with inner marging convex, and narrowed below the middle). The new species resembles the predominantly Sub-Mediterranean E. caradjai (Groschke) and the West Mediterranean E. phaeolepis van Nieukerken, A. Laštuvka & Z. Laštuvka and E. coscoja van Nieukerken, A. Laštuvka & Z. Laštuvka (see van Nieukerken et al. 2010), but E. ortiva differs by its broad aedeagus with numerous spine-like cornuti and a dark hindwing with a yellowish cream patch of androconia and cream hair- pencil (the costal margin of the hindwing is also cream). Male (Figs 64, 65). Forewing length 2.6 mm; wingspan 5.6 mm (n=1). Head: palpi brownish cream; frontal tuft orange; collar cream comprising piliform scales; scape yellowish-cream; antenna with 28 segments, shorter than half forewing length; flagellum brown on upper side and underside. Thorax: dorsum and tegulae grey-brown. Forewing grey-brown, with distinct bronze lustre, apically speckled with some fuscous brown scales; median fascia not prominent, grey-white or silver-white (depending on the angle of view); cilia pale brown; underside of forewing uniformly dark brown. Hindwing broadened at basal half, fuscous or grey-brown on upper side and underside; hair-pencil not prominent, grey-cream or cream, surrounded by a large patch of yellowish cream 76 · Zootaxa 3652 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press ROCIENE & STONIS androconia; costal margin yellowish cream (Fig. 65); cilia dark brown. Legs brown-cream. Abdomen: male genitalia (Figs 66–73) with capsule just slightly longer (288 mm) than wide (249 mm). Vinculum with two very short but broad lateral lobes (Fig. 66). Pseuduncus triangular (Fig. 69). Gnathos with long lateral arms and caudal process (Figs 68, 69). Valva (Fig. 67) slender (58 mm), 178 mm long, curved inwardly, gradually narrowed towards apex, with pointed apical process; transtilla with prominent sublateral processes (Fig. 66). Aedeagus (Figs 70–73) broad (124 mm), 284 mm long, with two apical carinae; vesica with numerous spine-like and denticulate cornuti of different size. Female. Unknown. Bionomics. Host-plant unknown; possibly a leaf-miner on Quercus. Adults fly in July (attracted to light). Distribution. It occurs in dense, mostly deciduous forests of Primorskiy Kray (Fig. 2). Etymology. This species is named after the region East Asia – the Latin “ortivus” means the eastern (dawn) side. Ectoedemia species 219 (Figs 74–79) Material examined. 1♂, RUSSIA (Far East), Primorskiy Kray, 20 km E Ussuriysk, Gornotayezhnoe, 24.vii. 1983, leg. R. Puplesis, gen. slide no. AG 219 (ZIN). Diagnosis. This species belongs to the Ectoedemia subbimaculella group. The male is recognized by a combination of the grey-white fascia of forewing, a weakly developed brownish hair-pencil surrounded by a patch of whitish androconia, and features of the male genitalia (broad valva, weakly developed central element of gnathos, very short vinculum). Male (Fig.