Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information the cambridge companion to cicero Cicero was one of classical antiquity’s most prolific, varied and self-revealing authors. His letters, speeches, treatises and poetry chart a political career marked by personal struggle and failure and the collapse of the republican system of government to which he was intellectually and emotionally committed. They were read, studied and imitated throughout antiquity and subsequently became seminal texts in political theory and in the reception and study of the Classics. This volume discusses the whole range of Cicero’s writings, with particular emphasis on their links with the literary culture of the late Republic, their significance to Cicero’s public career and their reception in later periods. A complete list of books in this series is at the back of the book. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information THE CAMBRIDGE COMPANION TO CICERO EDITED BY CATHERINE STEEL Professor of Classics, University of Glasgow © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information University Printing House, Cambridge cb2 8bs, United Kingdom Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521509930 © Cambridge University Press 2013 Th is publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2011, 2013 Second Edition 2012 Reprinted 2013 A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Th e Cambridge companion to Cicero / edited by Catherine Steel, Professor of Classics, University of Glasgow. pages cm. – (Cambridge companions to literature) Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-521-50993-0 (hardback) – isbn 978-0-521-72980-2 (paperback) 1. Cicero, Marcus Tullius – Criticism and interpretation. 2. Cicero, Marcus Tullius – Political and social views. 3. Cicero, Marcus Tullius – Appreciation. I. Steel, C. E. W. pa6320.c29 2013 875΄.01 – dc23 2012035051 isbn 978-0-521-50993-0 Hardback isbn 978-0-521-72980-2 Paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information To the memory of Sabine MacCormack © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information CONTENTS Map list page x Notes on contributors xi List of abbreviations xvi Introduction 1 catherine steel part i the greco-roman intellectual 1 Cicero and the intellectual milieu of the late Republic 9 anthony corbeill 2 Cicero’s rhetorical theory 25 john dugan 3 Cicero’s style 41 j. g. f. powell 4 Writing philosophy 73 malcolm schofield 5 Cicero’s poetry 88 emma gee 6 The law in Cicero’s writings 107 jill harries 7 Cicero and Roman identity 122 emma dench vii © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information contents part ii the roman politician 8 The political impact of Cicero’s speeches 141 ann vasaly 9 Cicero, oratory and public life 160 catherine steel 10 Cicero, tradition and performance 171 andrew bell 11 Political philosophy 181 james e. g. zetzel 12 Writer and addressee in Cicero’s letters 196 ruth morello 13 Saviour of the Republic and Father of the Fatherland: Cicero and political crisis 215 jon hall part iii receptions of cicero 14 Tully’s boat: responses to Cicero in the imperial period 233 alain m. gowing 15 Cicero in late antiquity 251 sabine maccormack† 16 Cicero in the Renaissance 306 david marsh 17 Cicero during the Enlightenment 318 matthew fox 18 Nineteenth-century Ciceros 337 nicholas p. cole viii © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information contents 19 Twentieth/twenty-first-century Cicero(s) 350 lynn s. fotheringham Cicero’s works 374 Bibliography 377 Index locorum 410 General index 416 ix © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information MAP Map 1. Rome in the late Republic page xv x © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information CONTRIBUTORS andrew bell teaches history at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. He is the author of Spectacular Power in the Greek and Roman City (2004). nicholas p. cole is Departmental Lecturer in American History at the Univer- sity of Oxford and a Junior Research Fellow in American History at St Peter’s College, Oxford. He read Ancient and Modern History at University College, where he also completed his M.Phil. in Greek and Roman history and his doctor- ate, which was titled ‘The Ancient World in Jefferson’s America’. He has been a Visiting Fellow at the International Center for Jefferson Studies at Monticello. He works on the history of political thought, the creation of republican government in early America and on the utility of classical learning in the modern world. anthony corbeill, Professor of Classics at the University of Kansas, is author of Controlling Laughter: Political Humor in the Late Roman Republic (1996)and Nature Embodied: Gesture in Ancient Rome (2004). He is completing a book on the significance of grammatical gender in Roman society. emma dench is Professor of the Classics and of History at Harvard University. Her publications include Romulus’ Asylum: Roman Identities from the Age of Alexander to the Age of Hadrian (2005). Her current research projects include a thematic study of Roman imperial cultures, and an analysis of the retrospective writing of the Republic in the imperial age. john dugan is Associate Professor of Classics at the University at Buffalo, State University of New York, and co-editor of the interdisciplinary classics journal Arethusa. He is the author of Making a New Man: Ciceronian Self-fashioning in the Rhetorical Works (2005) and articles on Roman rhetoric and oratory. lynn s. fotheringham is Lecturer in Classics at the University of Notting- ham. Her research deals with rhetorical language and structure, the application of discourse analysis to ancient oratory, and the reception of classical antiquity in contemporary fiction and film. She has published extensively on Cicero’s forensic speeches and is currently completing a commentary on Pro Milone. xi © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-50993-0 - The Cambridge Companion to Cicero Edited by Catherine Steel Frontmatter More information notes on contributors matthew fox’s work focuses mainly on how the Romans used history as an arena for intellectual and political reflection. Author of Roman Historical Myths (1996)andCicero’s Philosophy of History (2007), his interest in hermeneutics has led him to publish on a variety of other topics: sexuality in Greece and Rome, the dialogue form and recently the nature of scholarly discourse in the eighteenth century. Since 2007 he has been Professor of Classics at the University of Glasgow. emma gee lectures in Classics at St Andrews. She was educated at the universities of Sydney and Cambridge and has previously worked in Exeter and in Sydney, where she held the Kevin Lee Lectureship in Ancient Greek. Her main interest is Latin and Greek literature and science, in particular Aratus and his legacy. Ovid, Aratus, and Augustus (Cambridge, 2000) is to be followed by a broader study of Aratus, Aratus and the Astronomical Tradition. With the help of research grants from the Leverhulme Trust and the Loeb Foundation she is currently working on a book on ‘Mapping the Afterlife in Greece and Rome’. alain m. gowing is Professor of Classics at the University of Washington in Seattle, where he has been on the faculty since 1988 after receiving his PhD from Bryn Mawr College. His chief interests lie in the area of Roman historiography and literature, especially of the imperial period. His most recent book is Empire and Memory: The Representation of the Roman Republic in Imperial Culture (Cambridge, 2005), and he is currently working on a book-length study of the role of Rome and urban space in Sallust, Livy and Tacitus.