GeoEco ISSN: 2460-0768 Vol. 7, No. 1 (January 2021) Page. 76-86 E-ISSN: 2597-6044 SCENIC BEAUTY ESTIMATION ANALYSIS OF SARA BESAR ISLAND FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COASTAL ECOTOURISM IN TALAUD ISLANDS DISTRICT Joyce Ch. Kumaat1, Kalvin S. Andaria2, Hilda F. Oroh3 1,3Geography, Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Negeri Manado 2Geography Education, Faculty of Social Science, Universitas Negeri Manado E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the potential of coastal areas in ecotourism development through a spatial approach using Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) analysis. The benefits related to the use of geographic information technology will conceptually provide the right solution for planning and regional development in ecotourism development. Activities carried out include collecting data in the field related to physical and non-physical factors in coastal areas through surveys and mapping, then analyzing data in a Scenic Beauty Estimation (SBE) and designing geographic information systems in the form of mapping on 1) physical, artistic potential, and tourist activities, 2) accessibility (transportation), 3) information and accommodation services. The contribution of this research is to provide information and input for the government to facilitate and determine the planning and development of ecotourism in the coastal area of Talaud Regency on the island of Sara. It can increase regional or regional income, participation, and support in managing and utilizing coastal regions. Keywords: Sara Island; Scenic; Beauty; Estimation. A. INTRODUCTION Indonesia is the biggest archipelago Foundation., 2015; IDA, 2020). Humans country globally (Patrianti, Bajari, can enjoy a landscape's beauty by Agustin, & Bakti, 2020). It consists of observing the view through the five 17,508 islands with a coastline of 81,000 senses, namely sight (Morin, 2009; Zhang km, about 3.1 million km2 (0.3 million km et al., 2018). Landscape can provide of territorial waters and 2.8 million km2 of different psychological perceptions and Indonesian waters), or 62% of its feelings and present symbolic values territorial area (BIG, 2015; Muhamad, (Fadlin & Marfai, 2016; Khakhim, 2014). Some of these resources have not Soedharma, Mardiastuti, Siregar, & Boer, been utilized optimally (Kumaat & 2008). he need for natural landscape Wullur, 2017); for example, the aesthetics to fulfill emotional sensations sustainable potential of marine fishery becomes an impetus for finding natural resources of 6.7 tone's/year has only been objects with high aesthetic qualities utilized as much as 48% (CEA, 2018; (Fadlin & Marfai, 2016). The aesthetic DLPF - The David and Lucile Packard quality of a landscape or landscape is an 76 GeoEco ISSN: 2460-0768 Vol. 7, No. 1 (January 2021) Page. 76-86 E-ISSN: 2597-6044 indicator of ecological observations, that the local government did not give the especially in conservation action (Farizal, management of the island of Sara as a Harahaf, & Zahra, 2020). The formulation tourism object in Talaud District enough of aesthetic policies brings a sound attention. Lots of rubbish scattered along understanding of environmental problems the ring road and on the beach is (Fadlin & Marfai, 2016). overlooked. There are also simple houses This analysis of visual landscape built by the government as resting places preferences uses the Scenic Beauty that are not well maintained, and some do Estimation (SBE) method proposed by not have necessary facilities such as Daniel & Boster (1976). Initially, the SBE seating. Sources of clean water for method was developed to assess a sanitation purposes are still limited. The landscape for forestry tourism absence of outstanding transportation development visually (Daniel & facilities to Sara Island is also an obstacle Schroeder, 1979). Based on the SBE for local tourists to travel on this island. method used to determine the terrain Following the existing problems, this visually, coastal areas also have a research is limited to Visual Preference potential landscape developed and Analysis Sara Island Landscape Large managed as a tourist attraction (Daniel & Talaud Islands. The purpose is to analyze Boster, 1976; Daniel & Schroeder, 1979; the beauty of the landscape on Talaud Gandy & Meitner, 2007). Islands Sara Besar's island using Visual Talaud Islands Regency (Koondoko, Preference Analysis. Darma Putra, & Paturusi, 2017; Wijayanto, Triarso, Nur Taufiq, & B. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sugianto, 2019) has so many tourism The visual analysis method that can potentials that have not been managed by be used in this research is the Scenic related parties in the world of tourism, Beauty Estimation (SBE) method namely the regional government, the proposed by Daniel & Boster, (1976) and Talaud Regency tourism office Khakhim et al., (2008). Some method used (Wijayanto et al., 2019). Sara Island has SBE (Daniel & Boster, 1976; Khakhim et exclusive tourism potential as well as al., 2008):of the reasons why this is the: leading tourism objects in the Talaud • Many visual studies have used the SBE method to calculate their visual community (Riansyah, Aliya, & value because the SBE procedure is Nahumariri, 2019). known to be effective and reliable. Based on researchers' observations, • The initial development of the SBE 77 GeoEco ISSN: 2460-0768 Vol. 7, No. 1 (January 2021) Page. 76-86 E-ISSN: 2597-6044 method was to assess a landscape stages of calculating visual values for forestry tourism development using the SBE method begin with visually. Based on the SBE method data tabulation, analysis of the used to visually determine the frequency of each score (F), landscape, where the coastal area calculation of the cumulative also has a potential landscape to be frequency (CF), and cumulative developed and managed as a coastal probabilities (CP). Then the z value is tourism area, the SBE method is determined. The average z value used by adjusting the conditions and obtained from each photo included in types of landscape in the coastal the SBE formula (Daniel & Boster, zone. 1976; Khakhim et al., 2008): • The SBE method used is to assess SBEx = (Zx - Zo) x 100 the coastal landscape. Where, th The steps taken in determining the SBE SBEx = the estimated value of the x value of the landscape beauty value are: Zx = z average value for the x- landscap 1. Determining the point of Zo = average value of a particular observation and taking photos, the landscape as standard. end of compliance in taking pictures determines the coastal landscape The variable in this st udy is a single characteristics in each coastal variable or mono-variable, namely typology as a unit of analysis. 2. Photo selection, the photos analyzing the landscape or condition of the presented to respondents, result Sara Besar Island Coast, Talaud Islands from all the images taken and Regency. The indicator in this study is the consider the most representative of the diversity of scenery along Sara preference for the landscape on the coast Island. of Sara Besar Island. 3. Assessment by respondents, Respondents selected in this study C. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION were the people of Bitunuris village, Salibabu sub-district, Talaud district, 1. Overview Research Area who had seen and visited the island of Overview of Sara Island large and Sara Besar. Each photo was small, with fine white sand. Sara Island, distributed in the form of a 2 questionnaire and immediately which has an area of 2.3 km is a paradise assessed by the respondent. for tourists who like panoramic views of Respondents rated each photo shared white sandy beaches. Talaud Islands by giving a score of 1 to 10, where a score of 1 indicates a very bad or least Regency is a maritime area with a sea area liked to score, and a value of 10 is a of about 37,800 km2 or 95.24% and a land very good or most appreciated value. area of 1,251.02 km2 (3.76%). 4. Calculation of the SBE value, the 78 GeoEco ISSN: 2460-0768 Vol. 7, No. 1 (January 2021) Page. 76-86 E-ISSN: 2597-6044 Astronomically, this island located at 030 (Figure 2). The natural conditions of Sara 56'34" North Latitude and 126042'49" East Besar Island, such as coral reef Longitude with the following boundaries: ecosystems, indicate that the state of coral To the west is Salibabu Island; To the reefs on the island of Sara Besar is still north is Sara Kecil Island; To the east is relatively good, although in terms of area the Maluku Sea and to the south is of dead coral is more dominant with 15.17 Salibabu Island, precisely Lirung City as ha compared to live coral which is 8.77 ha, the second largest city after the capital city mangrove ecosystems only around 2.83 ha of Melonguane Regency (Figure 1). while the seagrass ecosystem 68.43 ha is The island of Sara Besar can be founded on the island's eastern side and accessed from Melonguane and Lirung by some on its western part. With this area, it using motorboats owned by fishermen. can protect Sara Besar Island from The trip from Lirung City to Sara Besar abrasion. Island can be reached in about 15 minutes Figure 1. Map of Research Location Sara Besar Island 79 GeoEco ISSN: 2460-0768 Vol. 7, No. 1 (January 2021) Page. 76-86 E-ISSN: 2597-6044 Figure 2. Map of Accessibility Sara Besar Island The research procedure used island has a small land area, so few refers to the stages of determining the photos are taken. Below is a SBE Scenic Beauty Estimation value, snapshot of five (5) observation namely determining the point of points that have the potential for observation and taking photos, beautiful landscapes. selecting photos, assessing 2) Photo selection respondents, and calculating the SBE Several photographs have taken value. representing potential beauty 1) Determination of observation points in the coastal landscape of points and photo taking the island of Sara.