1 ROADMAP FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 2015-2030 GOVERNMENT OF BIHAR Draft 1 as on 2nd October 2015 2 Patna Declaration – 14thMay 2015 As endorsed by the delegates at the 1st Bihar Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (BCDRR), Patna (13-14 May 2015), the Government of Bihar adopts the Bihar Disaster Risk Reduction Framework (BDRRF) to achieve the vision of a Disaster Resilient Bihar. This framework for the period 2015 to 2030 comprises the following 10 commitments: 1. Disaster Risk Reduction will be institutionalised by launching a state-wide campaign in 2015 through collaborative partnerships by involving all stakeholders. 2. Disaster prone communities and regions will be guaranteed inalienable right to the state’s resources for safety, prompt relief and protection. 3. Disaster Risk Reduction will be mainstreamed across Government of Bihar’s planning processes addressing the requirements for strengthening preparedness, emergency response, rehabilitation, reconstruction and recovery. 4. All development planning initiatives will factor in risk avoidance, risk transfer, risk sharing and residual risk management. 5. Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) and Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) will be empowered with financial and regulatory roles for Disaster Risk Reduction. 6. Community skills, knowledge and capacities will inform decision making about Disaster Risk Reduction at all levels through inclusive and participatory processes, with special emphasis on context-specific differential needs of social groups. 7. Resilience of critical infrastructure and delivery of essential services will be ensured, including restoration of functionality and continuity, in case of disruptions. 8. Mechanisms for gathering, analysing and disseminating targeted early warning information to key stakeholders will be established in line with the national framework 9. Lives, livestock and livelihoods will be protected from disruption due to natural and human- induced disasters and extreme events. 3 10. Requisite financial and human resources will be committed for fulfilling the vision of Disaster Resilient Bihar through the creation of a corpus fund. The Bihar Disaster Risk Reduction Framework will be operationalized by the Government of Bihar by formulating a DRR Roadmap. The framework will be the guiding principle for the DRR Roadmap, which will be implemented by the state’s administrative machinery, upholding multi-stakeholder engagements (including media, civil society, private sector, and academia), partnerships, accountability, transparency and establishment of a robust monitoring system. This process will be strengthened with adequate investments in capacity building, knowledge management and public awareness. 14th May 2015 4 Message by CM To be added Message by Minister DM To be added Message by CS To be added Message by PS-DMD To be added Message by VC-BSDMA To be added 5 Acknowledgements To be added 6 Table of Contents PATNA DECLARATION – 14THMAY 2015 ............................................................................................................ 3 MESSAGE BY CM .............................................................................................................................................. 5 MESSAGE BY MINISTER DM ............................................................................................................................. 5 MESSAGE BY CS ............................................................................................................................................... 5 MESSAGE BY PS-DMD ...................................................................................................................................... 5 MESSAGE BY VC-BSDMA .................................................................................................................................. 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................... 8 GLOSSARY ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 13 2. DISASTER RISK PROFILE OF BIHAR: A SNAPSHOT ................................................................................... 20 3. FOUNDATIONAL ELEMENTS OF THE ROADMAP ..................................................................................... 29 4. TARGETS AND MILESTONES ................................................................................................................... 38 5. SPECIFIC ACTIONS .................................................................................................................................. 43 5.1 COMPONENT 1: RESILIENT VILLAGES ....................................................................................................... 43 5.2 COMPONENT 2: RESILIENT LIVELIHOODS ................................................................................................. 50 5.3 COMPONENT 3: RESILIENT BASIC SERVICES.............................................................................................. 55 5.4 COMPONENT 4: RESILIENT CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................... 61 5.5 COMPONENT 5: RESILIENT CITIES ............................................................................................................. 65 6. ENABLING POLICY ARCHITECTURE ......................................................................................................... 73 7. ROADMAP IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS ................................................................................... 79 8. MONITORING AND EVALUATION ASPECTS ............................................................................................ 84 9. BUDGETARY IMPLICATIONS OF ROADMAP ............................................................................................ 86 10. ANNEXURES ...................................................................................................................................... 88 7 Executive Summary To be added 8 Glossary Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) continues to be an evolving field. As disaster risks evolve, and DRR practitioners undergo cycles of learning and reflection, different concepts take prominence to understand and act on disaster risk reduction. This section provides a glossary of how terms are understood and used by this Roadmap. Business Continuity Planning: plans that identify how the functions/ services will operate following a disaster and how it expects to regain functionality or return to 'business as usual' in the quickest possible time afterwards. Notified Disasters by GoI Disaster: a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave Cyclone, drought, earthquake, fire, flood, occurrence in any area, arising from natural or tsunami, hailstorm, landslide, avalanche, cloud burst and pest attack human-made causes, or by accident or negligence which results in substantial loss of life or human Notified Disasters by GoB suffering or damage to, and destruction of, Local Disasters: Lightning, Heat Wave, Excess Rainfall, Unseasonal Heavy Rain, property, to damage to, and degradation of, Boat Tragedies, Drowning (rivers, ponds environment, and is of such a nature or magnitude and ditches) as to be beyond the coping capacity of the Human Induced Group Accidents: Road community of the affected area. Accidents, Airplane Accidents, Rail Accidents, Gas Leakage Disaster Management: continuous and integrated process of planning, organising, coordinating, and implementing measures which are necessary or expedient for dealing with disasters once they are imminent or have occurred, including: • Preparedness to deal with any disaster • Prompt response to any disaster, including assessing the severity of situation • Evacuation, rescue and relief • Rehabilitation and reconstruction Disaster Risk Reduction: the policy objective of anticipating future disaster risk, reducing existing exposure, vulnerability or hazard, and strengthening resilience. 9 The Roadmap adopts a clear distinction between ‘disaster risk reduction’ and ‘disaster management’ with focussed attention on disaster risk reduction through strategies and actions aimed at addressing the causal factors of disaster risk. This marks a conscious shift from focus on implementation of emergency response, relief and recovery measures only. Despite the shift in focus, management of residual risks has been duly accounted for in the Roadmap through actions for ‘preparedness for effective response and recovery’. This is in line with the Priority 4 of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction: Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response and to “Build Back Better” in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction. Resilience: the capacity of an individual, household, community or system to anticipate, absorb (through better preparedness for effective response and mitigation) and recover from hazards and other shocks and stresses without compromising its existence and functioning in the long term. Vulnerable Groups: Vulnerability is understood here as conditions arising from social, physical, economic and environmental factors that