Te Räkau Whanake me Öna Ähuatanga Angitu Hei Hopu Reo Mäori Nä Andrea Kire Kua tukuna tënei tuhinga wewete nei kia ea ai ngä ritenga ki Te Tohu Paerua Mäori Te Whare Wänanga o Wikitoria Paenga-whäwhä 2011 He Whakaräpopototanga During the 1970s research showed that less than 20% of Mäori people were proficient in the Mäori language. Leading sociolinguists of that time predicted the Mäori language would be extinct by 2000. This provided the impetus for the emergence of various Mäori language revitalisation strategies. Te Whanake and Te Ataarangi are two examples of such diverse language acquisition programmes developed in response to these findings. This thesis will provide a comparative analysis of both programmes through an examination of the respective historical backgrounds, the methodological factors particular to each programme and consequently highlight why they continue to be successful models after 30 years at the forefront of Mäori language revitalisation. i He Mihi Mä te hau onamata taku mihi e kawe atu ki öku mätua ki a Whirinaki ki a Taihape, mei kore kaurua, kua kore tënei. Ki a koutou i te wähi ngaro i uhia te mokopuna nei ki te korowai aroha, ko koutou katoa tërä i töku taha i ngä wä taimaha, i ngä wä ka noho ahau me taku kotahi ki te kökiri nei i ngä mahi. Koutou ki a koutou, okioki mai rä. Hoatu e te kököraro taku mihi maioha ki te whänau whänui o Te Ataarangi, koutou katoa i äwhina mai i ahau. Me mihi ka tika ngoki ki te hunga i whakaae kia uiuia, kia whakautua patapätai, nei rä te mihi ki a koutou katoa. Awhiowhio atu e mihi i runga i te hau tonga ki te take o Ahumairangi, ki a Tü Horomata. E tika ana ngä körero mä te huruhuru te manu ka rere, ko te manu tënei e kai ana i te mätauranga, kei te mihi, kei te mihi. Whakawhiti atu rä e mihi ki te whänau o Te Herenga Waka, kei hea mai he kupu mihi mö ö koutou möhio ki te manaaki tangata? Kei a koutou! Topa haere e mihi ki a Tühoe tangata, moumou kai, moumou taonga. Kei te Taurima ko koe tërä, he puna möhiohio mö Te Ataarangi e kaha nei ki te whakahau i te tauira kia eke a ia ki ngä taumata o te mätauranga. Kei te tuäkana, mei kore koe, kua kore tënei e eke ki te taumata whakamutunga o tënei tuhinga, pono märika! Nö reira, tënä rawa atu kaurua. Häro haere e mihi kia tae atu koe ki te pütake o Taranaki. Kei te pöi pähau, näu anö i whakatö i te käkano ki töku whatumanawa ki te whai i tënei huarahi. He tauira tino pai koe, anei te hua o äu mahi whakatenatena, tënä rawa atu koe. ii Köpikopiko mai taku mihi kia tae atu koe ki a Ngäruawähia. Kei te teina, nei rä taku mihi ki a koe, näu i para i te huarahi kia pai ai taku haere. Ko koe tërä e tohutohu ana ki te tuäkana me pënei, me pënä, kia mōhio märika me aha au. Ko täua tërä i tïmata tahi ai ki te whai i tënei huarahi kia möhio ai täua ki wä täua tüäkiri. Ko koe kë te taituara möku. Kaurua ko tö hoa i tautokohia, i tukua mai te ngao kia hihiri te mahi a te tuäkana, kei te mihi, kei te mihi. Pupuhia taku mihi e te hau whäia te ia o Waikato, kia tau rä anö ki te Pütahi. Kei te mihi ki a koutou i tautokohia, i whakawätea mai i te kaituhi nei kia whai wä a ia ki te whakaoti i tënei tuhingaroa. Kätahi te tautoko ko tërä, tënä rawa atu koutou. Ki a koe te kaitirotiro hapa, mäku te haute! Kua waiho ake nei taku mihi whakamutunga mö töku ake whänau, ki töku hoa, koutou i tautoko i ahau i roto i ngä tau kua pähure ake nei. Horekau aku kupu hei whakairo i te aroha kei te ngäkau. Tae noa ki a koutou e aku mokopuna, ki a Kian, ki a Harmony, ki a Andre, kei öku whakaaro, kei töku ngäkau koutou i ngä wä katoa. Ki a koutou, whäia te mätauranga kia eke panuku! Näku i runga i te aroha, nä tö koutou karäni mä. iii Rärangi Körero He Whakaräpopototanga ...................................................................................i He Mihi ..............................................................................................................ii Rärangi Körero................................................................................................. iv Te Räkau Karera............................................................................................... 1 He Kupu Whakataki ............................................................................................ 1 Te Kairangahau........................................................................................ 1 Ko Te Ia o Tënei Tuhinga ........................................................................ 2 Te Tätari i Te Körero ............................................................................... 3 Ngä Wähanga o Te Tuhinga..................................................................... 5 Te Räkau Karaka .............................................................................................. 8 Te Whanake – Ko töna hïtori ............................................................................... 8 Ko John C. Moorfield (Te Murumära) ..................................................... 9 Kua Takoto te Mänuka........................................................................... 10 Ka Whänau Mai Ko Te Whanake ........................................................... 11 He Aha Tënei Mea Te Whanake? ........................................................... 13 He Kapinga Körero................................................................................ 15 Te Räkau Köwhai............................................................................................ 17 Te Ataarangi – Ko Töna Hïtori .......................................................................... 17 Ko Kumeroa Ngoingoi Pëwhairangi (Ngoi) ........................................... 18 Ko Täkuta Käterina Te Heikökö Mataira................................................ 21 Kua Takoto Te Mänuka.......................................................................... 25 Ka Whänau Mai Ko Te Ataarangi.......................................................... 26 He Kapinga Körero................................................................................ 31 Te Räkau Käkäriki.......................................................................................... 33 Te Whanake – Töna ara ako............................................................................... 33 Te Ara Ako Tikanga Reorua .................................................................. 33 He Take Tö Te Reo Ingarihi i Roto i Te Akomanga Reo Mäori? ............ 36 He Mätäpono Anö Hei Tüäpapa Ki Tënei Ara Ako ................................ 38 Te Käkano.............................................................................................. 39 Te Pihinga ............................................................................................. 46 Te Mähuri.............................................................................................. 49 Te Köhure .............................................................................................. 50 He Rauemi Atu Anö............................................................................... 51 He Kapinga Körero................................................................................ 55 Te Räkau Whero.............................................................................................. 57 Te Ataarangi – Töna Ara Ako............................................................................ 57 Te Ara Ako Rumaki Reo........................................................................ 57 Ngä Mätäpono Hei Tüäpapa Ki Tënei Ara Ako...................................... 59 Ngä Kaiwhakaako.................................................................................. 61 Ngä Ture Hei Hari Mä Te Äkonga, Mä Te Kaiwhakaako Anö ............... 62 Ngä Ture e Rima Mä Te Äkonga............................................................ 64 iv Ngä Ture 13 Mä Te Kaiwhakaako.......................................................... 68 Ëtahi Atu Mätäpono Hei Tüäpapa ki Ngä Ara Ako o Te Ataarangi......... 75 Ngä Kura Reo o Te Ataarangi................................................................ 78 Te Kura Pö............................................................................................. 78 Te Kura Tuara........................................................................................ 79 Te Kura Tinana...................................................................................... 86 Te Kura Räkeitanga ............................................................................... 90 Te Kura Püaotanga................................................................................. 92 Ngä Kura Whakangungu Kaiwhakaako.................................................. 94 He Kapinga Körero................................................................................ 95 Te Räkau Kikorangi........................................................................................ 97 Te Whanake – He take angitu............................................................................. 97 Mö Te Katoa Puta Noa i Te Ao.............................................................. 98 Te Hanga o Ngä Rauemi ........................................................................ 99 Te Whänuitanga Me Te Täupetanga o Ngä Rauemi.............................. 101 Te Ähua Ako ....................................................................................... 103 He Mämä, He Rekareka ....................................................................... 104 He Taonga Whakaharatau Mä Te Äkonga............................................ 105 He Kapinga Körero.............................................................................