MASSACHUSETTS CLEAN MARINA GUIDE Strategies to Reduce Environmental Impacts A Coastal Zone Management/EOEA publication Massachusetts Clean Marina Guide Strategies to Reduce Environmental Impacts Prepared by Epsilon Associates, Inc. for the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management April 2001 Table of Contents Chapter One: Introduction 1.1 The Case for Clean Marinas ............................................................1-1 1.2 The Guide and the Marina Assistance Program ................................1-2 1.3 Marina Regulations........................................................................1-4 1.4 Who Should Use this Guidebook ....................................................1-4 Marinas ................................................................................................1-4 Yacht Clubs ..........................................................................................1-4 Boatyards ..............................................................................................1-4 Municipalities........................................................................................1-5 Boaters..................................................................................................1-5 Do-It-Yourselfers ..................................................................................1-5 1.5 Guide Purpose and Organization ....................................................1-6 Chapter Two: The Coastal Environment and Pollution Impacts 2.1 The Massachusetts Coast................................................................2-1 Currents, Waves, and Tides ....................................................................2-2 Coastal Water Chemistry........................................................................2-2 Coastal Habitats ....................................................................................2-3 2.2 Marina Activities and Potential Impacts to the Marine Environment........2-4 Hull Maintenance ..................................................................................2-4 Boat Cleaning ........................................................................................2-5 Gas and Oil from Engine Maintenance, Bilge Water, and Fueling ..............2-5 Boat Sewage ..........................................................................................2-6 Solid Waste............................................................................................2-6 Fish Waste ............................................................................................2-7 2.3 Protecting the Massachusetts Marine Environment ..........................2-7 Chapter Three: Clean Marina Operations and Management 3.1 Staff Training ................................................................................3-1 3.2 Tools to Help Communicate “Clean Boating”to Customers ..............3-2 Customer Contracts ..............................................................................3-2 Contractor Agreements ..........................................................................3-3 Signs ....................................................................................................3-3 Fact Sheets ............................................................................................3-4 Notices and Clean Boating Tips..............................................................3-4 Clean Boating Events ............................................................................3-4 Promoting the Marina’s Good Work........................................................3-5 3.3 Financing Clean Business Practices ................................................3-5 New Services ........................................................................................3-5 Sell Environmentally-Preferable Products................................................3-6 Environmental Surcharge ......................................................................3-6 Itemized Environmental Charges ............................................................3-6 Massachusetts Clean Marina Guide • Table of Contents Chapter Four: Activities and Environmental Practices 4.1 Hull Maintenance and Cleaning ......................................................4-3 4.2 Boat Cleaning ............................................................................4-11 4.3 Engine Maintenance ....................................................................4-15 4.4 Bilge Water Handling ..................................................................4-21 4.5 Fueling........................................................................................4-27 4.6 Spill Response ............................................................................4-33 4.7 Boat Sewage and Wastewater Management ....................................4-37 4.8 Shoreside Facilities and Pet Waste Management ..............................4-43 4.9 Solid Waste Management ............................................................4-47 4.10 Hazardous Materials and Hazardous Waste Management ................4-53 4.11 Fish Waste Management ..............................................................4-59 4.12 Stormwater Management..............................................................4-63 4.13 Boat Operations ..........................................................................4-69 Chapter Five: New and Expanding Marinas 5.1 Environmental Considerations........................................................5-2 5.2 Applicable Regulations ..................................................................5-3 5.3 Siting and Design Considerations....................................................5-5 Marina Flushing ....................................................................................5-5 Water Quality ........................................................................................5-6 Habitat..................................................................................................5-7 Shoreline Streambank Stabilization ........................................................5-8 5.4 More Information ..........................................................................5-9 Chapter Six: Major Regulatory Programs 6.1 Regulatory Overview ....................................................................6-1 6.2 Statutes and Regulations ................................................................6-6 1. Areas of Critical Environmental Concern ............................................6-7 2. Coastal Wetlands Restriction Act ........................................................6-7 3. Executive Order 149: Federal Emergency Management Agency and Floodplain Use ................................................................6-8 4. Executive Order 181: Barrier Beaches ................................................6-8 5. Massachusetts Endangered Species Act ..............................................6-8 6. Federal Endangered Species Act..........................................................6-9 7. Underwater Archeological Resources ..................................................6-9 8. Massachusetts Historical Commission ..............................................6-10 9. Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries ......................................6-10 10. National Marine Fisheries Service....................................................6-11 11. Ocean Sanctuaries Act....................................................................6-11 12. Designated Port Areas ....................................................................6-12 13. Municipal Harbor Plans..................................................................6-12 14. Massachusetts Environmental Policy Act ........................................6-13 15. Wetlands Protection Act..................................................................6-13 16. 401 Water Quality Certification ......................................................6-14 Massachusetts Clean Marina Guide • Table of Contents 17. Public Waterfront Act (Chapter 91) ................................................6-14 18. State Fire Marshall — Massachusetts Fire Code................................6-15 19. Coastal Zone Management ..............................................................6-15 20. Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 (Section 10) ..................................6-16 21. Clean Water Act (Section 404) ........................................................6-16 22. Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act (Section 103)........6-16 23. Massachusetts Programmatic General Permit ..................................6-16 24. NPDES Stormwater Construction General Permit............................6-18 25. Order of Conditions ......................................................................6-18 26. Chapter 91 license..........................................................................6-18 27. NPDES Storm Water Multi-Sector General Permit ..........................6-19 28. Marine Sanitation Devices ..............................................................6-19 29. No Discharge Areas ........................................................................6-20 30. Clean Vessel Act ............................................................................6-20 31. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act........................................6-21 32. Discharge of Oil — Clean Water Act ................................................6-22 33. Organotin Antifoulant Paint Control Act..........................................6-22