theological VOLUME 39 NUMBER 3 studies SEPTEMBER 1978 Published by Theological Studies, Inc. for the Theological Faculties of the Society of Jesus in the United States TABLE OF CONTENTS ARTICLES Christian Apophatic and Kataphatic Mysticisms Harvey Egan, S.J. 399 Just-War Theories: The Bases, Interrelations, Priorities, and Func­ tions of Their Criteria James F. Childress 427 CURRENT THEOLOGY Orthodox Ecumenism and Theology 1970-78 Michael A. Fahey, S.J. 446 Responses to Peter Berger Langdon Gilkey Schubert M. Ogden David Tracy 486 NOTES Origen Studies and Pierre Nautin's Origene Robert J. Daly, S.J. 508 "Charisma veritatis certum": Irenaeus, Adversus haereses 4, 26, 2 Jerome D. Quinn 520 What Price Indulgences? Trent and Today Peter J. Beer, S.J. 526 Γ BOOK REVIEWS LÉON-DUFOUR, X., S.J.: Les miracles de Jésus selon le Nouveau Testament 536 VAHANIAN, G.: God and Utopia 537 SCHILLEBEECKX, E.: Gerechtigheid en Liefde 539 ViLLALÓN, J. R: Sacrements dans l'Esprit 540 DALY, R. J., S.J.: The Origins of the Christian Doctrine of Sacrifice 541 METZ, J. B.: Glaube in Geschichte und Gesellschaft 543 LADARIA, L. F., S.J.: El Espíritu Santo en San Hilario de Poitiers 544 TENTLER, T. N.: Sin and Confession on the Eve of the Reformation 546 SCHUTTE, A. J.: Pier Paolo Vergerlo 547 DELUMEAU, J.: Catholicism between Luther and Voltaire 548 DOLAN, J. P.: Catholic Revivalism 549 MCCOOL, G. Α., S.J.: Catholic Theology in the Nineteenth Century 551 KLAIBER, J. L., S.J.: Religion and Revolution in Peru, 1824-1976 552 Bishops and Writers (ed. A. Hastings) 553 DIECKMANN, Β.: "Welt" und "Entweltlichung" in der Theologie Rudolf Bultmanns 555 MARCHESI, G., S.J.: La cristologia di Hans Urs von Balthasar 557 CURRAN, e. E.: Themes in Fundamental Moral Theology 558 Perspectives on Morality (ed. Κ. E. Goodpaster) 560 RAMSEY, P.: Ethics at the Edge of Life 561 HICK, J.: Death and Eternal Life 563 MASON, R. L., C. D. CURRIER, and J. R. CURTIS: The Clergyman and the Psychiatrist 565 MOL, Η. J.: Identity and the Sacred 567 BIGO, P.: The Church and Third World Revolution 570 Population Policy and Ethics (ed. R. Μ. Veatch) 571 KLEIN, C: Anti-Judaism in Christian Theology 573 MICHALCZYK, J. J.: Ingmar Bergman 575 SHORTER NOTICES 578 KIENE, P. F.: The Tabernacle of God in the Wilderness of Sinai GUIÑAN, Μ. (ed.): Gospel Poverty LÓPEZ RIVERA, F.: Biblia y sociedad POHIER, J.: Quand je dis Dieu CORMIER, H.: The Humor of Jesus The Order of the Priesthood HIP- POLYTUS OF ROME: Contra Noetum HINTNER, D.: Die Ungarn und das byzantin­ ische Christentum der Bulgaren im Spiegel der Register Papst Innozenz* III. CARAMAN, P.: The Lost Paradise MULDER, J. M., and J. F. WILSON (ed.): Religion in American History MORGAN, R., and M. PYE (ed.): Ernst Troeltsch BROWN, M. L.: Louis Veuillot LACROIX, W. L.: Meaning and Reason in Ethics BENNETT, J.C., and H. SIEFERT: US. Foreign Policy and Christian Ethics SMITH, M.: An Introduction to Mysticism MALLORY, M. M.: Christian Mysticism FLEMING, D. A. (ed.): The Fire and the Cloud RAHNER, K.: Medita­ tions on Freedom and the Spirit MERTON, T. : The Monastic Journey CHITTISTER, J. (ed.): Climb along the Cutting Edge DAVIES, M.: Liturgical Revolution 1-2 MOLTMANN, J.: The Passion for Life VER EECKE, W.: Negativity and Sub­ jectivity Faith of Our Fathers BOOKS RECEIVED 592 Published in March, June, September, and December at Mt. Royal and Guilford Avenues, \ Baltimore, Md. 21202. Second-class postage paid at Baltimore, Md. 21202 and additional mailing offices. Yearly subscription: U.S. $10.00; Canada and foreign $11.00. Single copies $3.50. Renewals and new subscriptions should be accompanied by a remittance in U.S. funds and sent to Theological Studies, P.O. Box 64002, Baltimore, Md. 21264. Changes of address and business correspondence should be sent to Theological Studies, Business Office, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, Md. 21202. Send manuscripts to Editor, books for review to Book Review Editor, Theological Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057. Back issues available from offices in Washington D.C. Copyright © THEOLOGICAL STUDIES, INC. 1978 ISSN 0040-5639 Presenting This Issue Our September 1978 issue traverses broad theological territory: mys­ ticism, the just war, Orthodox theology, secularity, Origen, Irenaeus, indulgences. Christian Apophatic and Kataphatic Mysticisms, with its spring­ board in varying attitudes toward mysticism within the Catholic Church and outside, argues that any genuine Christian mysticism must contain apophatic as well as kataphatic elements. It makes its point by analyzing two classics of Christian mysticism, the fourteenth-century Cloud of Unknowing and the Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius Loyola, an analysis that reveals the strengths and the weaknesses of the two traditions. HARVEY D. EGAN, S.J., Th.D. from the University of Münster (1973), is assistant professor of systematic and mystical theology at Boston College. His areas of particular competence are the theology of Karl Rahner (who directed his doctoral dissertation) and Christian mysticism, especially Ignatius Loyola and John of the Cross. His book The Spiritual Exercises and the Ignatian Mystical Horizon appeared in 1976. Just-War Theories: The Bases, Interrelations, Priorities, and Functions of Their Criteria starts from our "historical deposit" of just- war criteria and tries to determine what questions we need to answer in order to develop a coherent just-war theory and, indeed, to have usable criteria for policy-makers. JAMES F. CHILDRESS, Ph.D. in Christian ethics from Yale, is presently Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., Professor of Christian Ethics, Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University. He is espe­ cially interested in issues of social ethics on both a theoretical and practical level—in particular, in the ethical issues that arise in politics and biomedicine. His Biomedical Ethics, coauthored with Thomas Beau- champ, will be published by Oxford University Press later this year or early 1979. Orthodox Ecumenism and Theology: 1970-78 reports (1) on Or­ thodox ecumenical dialogues especially with Roman Catholics, non-Chal- cedonians, Anglicans, and Protestants, and conversations with Jews; (2) on ten theological topics frequently studied by the Orthodox in the last eight years. MICHAEL A. FAHEY, S.J., Dr. Theol. from Tübingen (1970), is associate professor of theological studies at Concordia University, Montreal, and a consultant theologian for the North American Orthodox and Roman Catholic Bilateral Conversations. In recent years he has concentrated on historical and doctrinal issues separating the Christian churches. Author of a number of articles in ecclesiology and ecumenism, he has recently coauthored, with John Meyendorff, Trinitarian Theology East and West (1977). Responses to Peter Berger comprises three replies by American theologians whose theologies were criticized in these pages (TS 38 [1977] 39-56) by Peter Berger as "yet another variety of reduction," specifically, 397 398 THEOLOGICAL STUDIES "the moderate (as against the radical) wing of American theological reductionism." LANGDON GILKEY and DAVID TRACY teach at the Uni­ versity of Chicago Divinity School, SCHUBERT M. OGDEN in Southern Methodist University's Graduate Program in Religious Studies. All three are authors of important books: see, e.g., Gilkey's Naming the Whirlwind and Reaping the Whirlwind, Ogden's The Reality of God, and Tracy's Blessed Rage for Order. Since each claims that Berger's characterization of his theology bears little resemblance to the reality, and since each presents his case in a fashion that makes a legitimate demand on a scholarly journal, I have judged it only fair to open our pages to them. I believe the Responses will clarify some basic stances. Three shorter notes deal with historical issues that have contemporary pertinence. Origen Studies and Pierre Nautin's Origene sketches the major moments in the history of Origen research, then analyzes critically a recent volume that is surely a milestone in the attempt to recapture perhaps the most significant theologian between Paul and Augustine. ROBERT J. DALY, S.J., Dr. Theol. from Julius Maximilians Universität, Würzburg (1972), is associate professor in Boston College's Department of Theology. He expects that his research in the history and theology of Christian sacrifice will be a lifelong task. Fortress Press has recently published his book The Origins of the Christian Doctrine of Sacrifice. "Charisma veritatis certum"; Irenaeus, Adversus haereses 4,26, 2 argues that the Latin version of this passage "supplies a very ancient, Western explanation of a Greek text that has vanished. The translator understood the presbyterate/episcopate of his day as endowed through ordination with a prophetic gift that made their teaching of revelation certain." Whether the Irenaean original meant that is another question calling for further research. JEROME D. QUINN, S.S.L. from the Pontifical Biblical Institute (1961), is professor of OT, NT, and Hebrew at St. Paul Seminary, Minnesota, has for many years taken part in the Lutheran-RC dialogue and contributed to its volumes, and is preparing the Pastoral Epistles for the Anchor Bible. What Price Indulgences? Trent and Today tries to uncover the theology out of which came the Catholic Church's most authoritative position on indulgences, and discovers that the understanding gleaned from this study lends support to the interpretation given to an indulgence by Poschmann and Rahner. PETER J. BEER, S.T.D. from the Catholic University of America (1971), is on the staff of a theological consortium, the Union Theological Institute of Sydney, Australia. He has published in the Australasian Catholic Record and in TS (Sept. 1974). Walter J. Burghardt, S.J. Editor BOOK REVIEWS LES MIRACLES DE JÉSUS SELON LE NOUVEAU TESTAMENT. Edited by Xavier Léon-Dufour, S.J. Paris: Seuil, 1977. Pp. 396. Miracles occupy a large place in the NT, especially in the Gospels. This collection concentrates on their thirty-two different ones, excluding sum­ mary statements.