SJIF IMPACT FACTOR: 4.617 ISSN (Print): 2209-2870 (International Print/Online Journal) PUBMED-National Library of ISSN (Online): 2209-2862 Medicine ID-101739732 International Journal of Medical Science and Current Research (IJMSCR) Available online at: www.ijmscr.com Volume2, Issue 3, Page No: 294-301 May-June 2019 To evaluate the effect of Pesticide activity of of nanoformulations of Alstonia scholaris , against pest- Rhyzopertha dominica using HPLC and Fourier transform infrared (FT- IR) spectra analysis Rohini Kallur1*, Savitha Patil2 Lecturer1*, Lecturer2, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Nagarjuna college of Engineering and technology, Karnataka *Corresponding Author: Rohini Kallur Lecturer1*Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Nagarjuna college of Engineering and technology, Karnataka, India Type of Publication: Original Research Paper Conflicts of Interest: Nil ABSTRACT Background: Now many agricultural engineers are seeking knowledge of nano-materials for engineering bio-pesticides, fertilizer coatings and other purposes. These Nanoparticles can be exploited as they offer a greater surface area and circulate more easily. Materials & Methods: Insecticidal activity of Alstonia scholaris Column fractions against stored product pests. Antifeedant Bioassay was done by fumigation method. Separation and fractionation was done by Column chromatography. TEM morphology of nano-sio2 particle was performed on transmission electron micrograph. Statistical analysis: The average larval mortality data were subjected to probit analysis for calculating lethal concentrations LC50 and LC95 and other statistics at 95% fiducial limits of upper confidence limit and lower confidence limit were calculated. Results: The extracts of A. scholaris were moderately toxic and needed at least 2 mg/ ml to obtain 50% mortality. Alstonia scholaris showed high toxicity with a LC50 of 0.8 mg/ml and LC95 of 1.95 mg/ml. Thus it can be concluded that the terpenes adsorbed on the silica through strong hydrogen bonding. All the results above further illustrate that adsorption of terpene has an added advantage that in spite of less agglutination it also exhibit the high dispersion stability. Conclusion: Among the tested plant materials, Alstonia scholaris proved as highly toxic against stored product pests as well as mosquito larvae. This active fraction will be further processed for the pure compound isolation, identification for the principle bioactive compound. The two principle bioactive compounds showed enhanced antifeedant activity against agricultural pests on Nanoformulations.. Keywords: Alstonia scholaris, Rhyzopertha dominica, FT-IR analysis, HLPC, nanopesticide. INTRODUCTION The Castor Semi-Looper, Achaea janata. Linnaeus, is will attack all the aerial parts of the crop as well as another important pest which feeds on castor bean roots in the soil and the grain, which is stored. and croton plants. Occasional hosts include banana, The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is a cabbage, Chinese cabbage, crown of thorns, Ficus, mosquito that can spread the dengue fever, macadamia, mustard, poinsettia, rose, sugarcane and Chikungunya and yellow fever viruses, and other tomato as well as some legumes, teas, and other diseases. The mosquito can be recognized by white Brassica species.Stored grains are highly damaged by markings on legs and a marking of the form of a lyre insect pests like Rhyzopertha dominica L.,. Almost on the thorax. The mosquito originated from Africa1 all the stages of the insect (adult, larvae, except pupa) but is now found in the tropics worldwide. Direct 294 International Journal of Medical Science and Current Research | May-June 2019 | Vol 2 | Issue 3 Rohini Kallur et al International Journal of Medical Science and Current Research (IJMSCR) exposure to pesticides has caused mass mortality of reduce the amount of active agent required for many species, but the most hazardous are those, treatment by maintaining an effective concentration which either does not degrade or which degrade very in the target for longer periods of time. They do not slowly in environment. These non-biodegradable cause alteration of gene expression in insect trachea pesticides have been found concentrate in successive and are, thus, qualified for approval as the nano tropic levels in food chain. Basic concepts of food biopesticide in this particular category. Use of security and food self sufficiency logically demand amorphous silica is considered to be safe for human that at least over 70% of the countries food by World Health Organization and US Department of requirement is satisfied domestically. Agriculture. The Indian farmers are in need of effective tools to Materials & Methods: fight against pests. After severe setback arising from Our present study of the objectives are Screening the the use of chemical pesticides on living systems and of plant material for insecticidal property. the environment, the use of eco-friendly biopesticides Formulation of the botanicals with Nanoparticles at is gaining momentum. However, the small farmers in different concentrations to assess the adsorption India are not yet fully aware of the concept, use or compatibility. Evaluating the toxicity of advantages of ecofriendly pest management. Though nanoformulation against agricultural pests. Studies on India has a rich source of plants that could be drug loading/control release of bioactive compound harnessed as botanical pesticides, accentuated from Nanoformulations by using HPLC. Alstonia research on the preparation of biopesticides has not scholaris, were taken for the present work, plant gained ground. material used was leaves. The plant materials were Botanical pesticides are eco-friendly, economic, collected from the premises of Indian Institute of target-specific and biodegradable. For example, Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad.Achaea neem-based botanical pesticides have been used janata L. and Spodopthera lituraF. larvae were traditionally for many years. There are many other collected from infested castor Ricinus communis trees (besides herbs and shrubs) which are also useful plants growing in the laboratory of Indian Institute of as sources of botanical pesticides. However Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India. The larvae nanosilica have shown excellent efficiency against were collected from the fields and were maintained in this mite. In studies of plants, these nanosilica did not the laboratory at 28 ± 2º C, 70 – 75 % relative show any adverse effect on the plant physiology, fish humidity (RH) and a 16:8 hours light/ dark photo and silkworm physiology. Control of granary weevil period. The larvae were reared on castor leaf.2 The Sitophilus granaries and mustard beetle Phaedon Castor Semi-Looper, Achaea janata is a Noctuid cochleariae can be achieved by the application of moth, the caterpillars of which are termed 'semi- silica based materials Fossil Shield. Immunity in loopers' due to their mode of locomotion and feed on beneficial insects can be developed using nanosilica. Castor Ricinus communis. As they feed off the Castor This was observed in case of Bombyx mori where Oil plant exclusively they are extremely poisonous grasserie disease caused by nuclear plyhedrosis virus and should be avoided at all costs. This is leaf eating (NPV) could be controlled with the help of lipophilic and considered to be one of the important pests of the amorphous silica nanoparticles (LASN)-live BmNPV crop as the larvae defoliate the plants within a short conjugate as drug. The international Agency for period when there is an outbreak. Lesser grain borer, Research on Cancer (IARC) has rated amorphous Rhyzopertha dominica; were maintained at 28 ± 2°C silica dust as non-carcinogenic. and 65-75% r. h. in Indian Institute of Chemical Nanoscale carriers can enhance the drug Technology (IICT)Indian Institute of Chemical bioavailability, reduce drug toxicity, improve the Technology (IICT) The female bores a hole in the timed release of drug molecules, Create high local kernel and deposits an egg, and she can lay up to 400 concentration of the bioactive chemicals in target eggs in her life time. The larva hatches within 72 hrs, cells and cellular components in order to gain toxic and then starts feeding, within the kernel, and efficiency and enable precisive drug targeting. molting four times before pupating. The white, legless larva, with a dark head, is only found within 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 295 Controlled release of pesticides can remarkably 295 the seeds they are infesting so you usually don’t see Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Volume 2, Issue 3; May-June 2019; Page No. 294-301 © 2019 IJMSCR. All Rights Reserved Rohini Kallur et al International Journal of Medical Science and Current Research (IJMSCR) them. Silicon dioxide Nanoparticles of average SiO2 particles about 100mg were dispersed in 6ml particle diameter 10 nm, specific surface area 115m2 chloroform, and amount of terpene (25μl, 50μl, 75μl g−1 were procured from sigma-Aldrich. and 100μl) was added into the flask, and subjected to Other reagents were of HPLC grade and used as sonication for 10 minutes and then vacuum drying for received. Eugenol and 1,8-Cineole are the terpenes 24 h. isolated from two plants were provided by Indian Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of terpene Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT). Collection adsorbed nanosilica were carried out on