MAKERERE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES SCHOOL OF FORESTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ESIA OF AERIAL SPRAYING OF SUGARCANE WITH RIPENER AND FERTILIZER AT KINYARA SUGAR LIMITED IN MASINDI DISTRICT THIS REPORT IS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF MAKERERE UNIVERSITY BY THE FOLLOWING STUDENTS: Submitted by: AHABWE Kamusiime^^f^UNTvf^^ 2017/HD02/3380U SUPERVISOR: PROF. JAMES OKOT-OKUMU JULY 2018 CERTIFICATION The undersigned do certify that he/she has read and here by recommend for acceptance by Makerere University a report entitled, "ESIA of aerial spraying of sugarcane with ripener and fertilizer at Kinyara Sugar Limited Masindi District", done in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of a Post Graduate Diploma in Environmental Impact Assessment of Makerere University. Mb DEPARTMENT OF "rTV'^#lf ENVIR0NMENTAL Prof. Jam^Okot-Gku^^ MANAGEMENT (Supervisor) 1 DECLARATION AND COPY RIGHT I the undersigned declare that this script is my own original work; it has not been presented to any academic institution or place for either academic award or work. NAME: REG. NUMBER SIGN AHABWE Kamusiime 2017/HD02/3380U "This script is copyright material protected under the Berne Convention, in the Copyright Act of 1999 and other relevant Laws of the Republic of Uganda; It may not be reproduced by any means, in full or in part, except for short extracts in fair dealing, for research or private study, critical scholarly review or discourse with an acknowledgement, without written permission of the Director of Postgraduate Studies Makerere University and or the authors". 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 1 wish to unreservedly extend my gratitude to Prof. James Okot-Okumu for the invaluable support during compilation of ideas that make up this ESIA report. He is great and turns on the abilities in students. A thousand thanks to all the lecturers who have delivered the Postgraduate Diploma EIA course in a lucid and applied manner. Our happiness and satisfaction are a true reflection of their high level of smarts. Special thanks to Mr. Raji (Out Grower Manager – KSL) for furnishing me with information about KSL that was crucial in compilation of this ESIA report. Conversely, I am grateful to the technical staffs of Masindi District Local Government, and the various stakeholders who gave insightful comments/submission as I conducted consultations. Lastly, I thank my families, benefactors and benefactresses for standing with me throughout the journey. To all of you, God bless! DEDICATION To those who seek satisfaction in themselves and on some land now and forever! iv LIST OF ACRONYMS CAA Civil Aviation Authority DAP Diammonium phosphate ESIA Environment and Social Impact Assessment ESIA Environment Impact Assessment ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan ICAO International Civil Aviation Organisation KSL Kinyara Sugar Limited MAAIF Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries MoWE Ministry of Water and Environment MoWT Ministry of Works and Transport MOP Muriate of Phosphate NE Nucleus Estate NEA National Environmental Act NEMA National Environment Management Authority OHS Occupational Health and Safety PPE Personal Protective Equipment SARPs Standards and Recommended Practices TSP Triple Superphosphate v TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATION ............................................................................................................................................ I DECLARATION AND COPY RIGHT........................................................................................................... II ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................................................................. III DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................................... IV LIST OF ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................................. V TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................. VI LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................................................... VIII LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................... VIII ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................... X THE PROJECT ...................................................................................................................... X Overview .............................................................................................................................. x KEY ACTIVITIES ................................................................................................................... X JUSTIFICATION OF PROPOSED AERIAL SPRAY OF SUGARCANE RIPENER ................................................. X POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................................. XI Expected Positive Impacts .................................................................................................... xi Key Potential Negative Impacts ............................................................................................. xi Environmental Management Plan .......................................................................................... xi 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1.0 Sugar cane ripening ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 The ripening process .................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 Factors that influence ripening ...................................................................................... 2 1.1.3 Proposed fertilizers for aerial application ........................................................................ 2 1.1.4 Proposed aerial spraying activities ............................................................................. 3 1.2 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ................................................................................................... 5 1.2.1 Limiting weather condition ............................................................................................ 5 1.2.2 Increased productivity .................................................................................................. 5 1.2.3 Advantages of aerial spraying ........................................................................................ 6 1.2.4 Proposed project location .............................................................................................. 6 2.0 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 CHEMICAL RIPENING OF SUGARCANE ..................................................................................... 9 2.2 USE OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZER IN SUGARCANE PLANTATIONS........................................................ 9 2.3 LAND OWNERSHIP ........................................................................................................... 9 2.4 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS .................................................................................................... 9 2.4.1 The no-action option .................................................................................................. 10 2.4.2 Technology alternatives .............................................................................................. 10 2.4.3 Site alternatives ......................................................................................................... 11 2.4.4 Chemical ripener alternatives ...................................................................................... 11 2.5 NEED FOR ESIA ........................................................................................................... 11 2.6 THIS ESIA/TRANSFERABILITY .......................................................................................... 12 2.7 THE SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ............................................................ 12 2.8 PROJECT GOAL, OBJECTIVES, IMPLICATIONS ......................................................................... 12 2.8.1 Project goal ................................................................................................................ 12 2.8.2 Project objectives ....................................................................................................... 12 2.8.3 Project implications..................................................................................................... 12 3.0 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................. 14 3.1