GEORESURSY = GEORESOURCES 2019. V. 21. Is 3. Pp. 107-124 ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE DOI: https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2019.3.107-124 Coking coals of the Arctic zone of Russia V.I. Vyalov1,2,3, A.B. Gurevich3, G.M. Volkova3, D.A. Skiba3, E.P. Shishov3*, A.A. Chernyshev3 1Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation 2South Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation 3Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute (VSEGEI), St. Petersburg, Russian Federation Abstract. Rational and cost-effective development of the richest hydrocarbon resources of the Arctic region of Russia is impossible without the resumption of solid fuel production. On the Arctic coast of Russia there is the largest base of coking coals of valuable ranks, which requires the study and active development in the framework of the overall strategy of development of fuel and energy resources of the Russian North and, in general, the fuel and energy complex of the country. The most valuable in quality and properties deposits and basins of coking coals of the Arctic zone of Russia are considered. Among them are the Taimyr, Tunguska, Zyryanka and Bering basins. The features of coal-bearing, matter-petrographic composition and quality, the basic properties of coal of basins and promising fields, their resource and geological characteristics are given. Recommendations for their further study are given, the prospects of their development and transportation of coal along the Northern Passage are discussed. Keywords: coal, coal deposits, the Arctic zone of Russia, coking coal, quality of coal, fossil fuels and energy resources, prognostic resources, mineral resources base Recommended citation: Vyalov V.I., Gurevich A.B., Volkova G.M., Skiba D.A. Shishov E.P., Chernyshev A.A. (2019). Coking coals of the Arctic zone of Russia. Georesursy = Georesources, 21(3), pp. 107-124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2019.3.107-124 To achieve profitability of development of new Figure 1 presents coal basins and major deposits deposits of hydrocarbon raw materials in complex located in the Arctic zone of Russia. Currently, the economic and geographical conditions of the Arctic, development of far coalfields in the Arctic is beginning. along with creation of new main roads and ways of Mining and metallurgical company “Norilsk Nickel” transportation of hydrocarbon raw materials and the made investments in the development of Syradasayskoe corresponding infrastructure, are impossible without coal deposit of the Taimyr coal basin (prognostic development of a new strategy for fuel and energy resources of category P2 of the Russian classification complex (FEC) of the Russian Federation. This strategy of coking and energy coals are more than 5 billion requires mandatory accounting and accompanying tons). A coal-preparation plant will be built at the development of deposits and basins of coal and oil deposit with a capacity of 12 million tons of coking shale in the Arctic zone of Russia. The Arctic zone is coal per year. They plan to sell about 10 million tons exceptionally rich in coals and oil shales with various of coal to Europe. At the same time, part of the energy quality and age (Dodin et al., 2007). Coals of the Arctic coal from Syradasayskoe deposit will supply heat and zone are necessary to ensure the infrastructure of the power station of “Norilsk Nickel”. China, the world’s Russian fuel and energy sector in the northern country largest consumer of coking coal, could become the region. The coals of the Arctic can be used for export main direction of sales. to non-CIS countries, since the end of the XX century The coal terminal “Chaika” is under construction coal consumption is rapidly growing in the world. in 50 km from Dixon1. In 2019, the port will be able to In China, over the past 35-40 years, it has increased overload more than 10 million tons by applying ships five times, four times in India, three times in Brazil. with deadweight up to 76 thousand tons with ice class According to the forecasts of the International Energy of Arc4. In winter, under difficult hydrometeorological Agency (IEA), coal use continues to grow on average conditions, for further transportation of coal by the by 1.5 % per year. Northern Sea Route it is supposed to load two ships – CH-40 (Handymax type bulk carriers) and CH-70 *Corresponding author: Evgeny P. Shishov (Panamax type bulk carriers). E-mail: [email protected]ю.u © 2019 The Authors. Published by Georesursy LLC This is an open access article under the CC BY 4.0 license 1https://www.korabel.ru/news/comments/samyy_severnyy_ugolnyy_ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) terminal_zarabotaet_na_taymyre.html www.geors.ru GEORESURSY 107 Coking coals of the Arctic zone of Russia… V.I. Vyalov, A.B. Gurevich, G.M. Volkova et al. The development of coking coals of Bering coal basin has also begun. From 2008 to 2015 the “Northern Pacific Сoal Сompany” and “Beringpromugol”, parts of Australian “Tigers Realm Coal”, discovered four new coal deposits in Amaam (three deposits) and Alkatvaam (one deposit) coal areas2. It is obvious, that the main interest for development have deposits and basins of coking coal, if there is possibility to transport energy-technological raw materials from them by the Northern Sea Route. It is not excluded, that the initial delivery of coal can be made by major rivers with access to the Northern Sea Route during the navigation period3. Table 1, and Fig. 1 depicture quality of coals of the Arctic zone of Russia in contact of main coal ranks, basins, areas, fields, regions, deposits in conjunction with the characteristics of coal bearing and coal resources. The West Siberian coal basin In the Arctic region of the West Siberian petroleum basin, there are mesozoic sediments with hydrocarbon deposits containing a lot of coal seams. Figure 2 shows their total capacity in Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments by isolines (which, in some cases, border the zones of hydrocarbons). The Paleozoic coal-bearing sediments are locally below. Therefore, a number of researchers (Zvonarev, 1982; Golitsyn et al., 1992; Yuzvitsky et al., 2000) identify a huge West Siberian coal basin, geographically coinciding with the West Siberian Plain and entirely corresponding to the West Siberian hydrocarbon basin. 2 http://www.prochukotku.ru/20161126/1774.html 3 Coking coals of the Pechora basin, located also in the Arctic zone of Russia, developed since 1931, and are not considered in this article Appendix 1) Atlas ..., 2006, zone of Russia (Petrological Arctic of the Fig. 1. Fragment of the map coal-bearing, quality and resources 108 GEORESOURCES www.geors.ru GEORESURSY = GEORESURSY Q daf, Basin, area, region, According GOST 25543-2013 ΣFC, y, mm/ RI, (A d ), Q r, s H daf, Ro,% Vdaf, % Wa, % Ad, % k S d, % i MJ/ C daf, % 0 deposit % un % t MJ/kg 0 % Rank Group Code kg The Pechora basin (1-2) G, Vorgashorskoe G-ZH 1GZHО, 0,78-0,88 16-35 32-37 6-20 2,7 20,7 9 0,5-2,2 21-27 81,9 G 2ZH EORESOUR Yun`yaginskoe К, КZH 1К 1,2-1,3 17-21 23-26 13-31 1,0 17,1 8 0,8 24 87,6 Verhnesyr`yaginskoe KS, OS, Т 1,49-2,39 8-25 9,1-20 0-10 1,0 16,5 8-13 0,3-1,3 27-30 90,4 4,2 Nizhnesyr`yaginskoe ZH, КZH 0,85-1,0 14-33 28-36 18-30 1,4 18,5 8-11 0,6-1,7 26 86,2 Paemboyskoe GZH 0,76-1,14 19-33 34-39 23 2,8 19-35 15 0,4 23 82 C Yangareyskoe OS 20 21 8 0, 9 26-44 0,45 35,3 88,8 ES Verhnerogovskoe B, D 3B, - 0,5 26-44 37 The Sos`va-Salekhard basin B 2B, 3B 16 0,3 13 Tol`inskoe B 2B 17 - 11,7 Otor`inskoe B 3B 21,6 0,36 13,4 The Taimyr basin Slobodskoe А, Т 3,25 32 4-12 2,8 20,2 1,48 34,0 92,2 2,5 Syradasayskoe G-SS 0,75-1,16 0-69 9,5-44,3 8-35 0,2-9,9 5,8-42,5 0,2-4,1 35,4 79,3-92,6 2,8-5,8 Ozernoe KS-Т 1,11-1,05 8-35 0-13 2,1 14,7 0,5 33,3 78,3 4,2 Pyasinskoe KS-Т, А 1,4-5,1 1,25 5-44,3 0-8 0,5-5,5 7-45 0,65 33,2 85,7-95,8 0,9-5 Tareyskoe G-GZHО 0,7-1,0 44 37,5 9-15 1,45 11,6 0,17 34,1 82,0 4,6 Seregen А 3А 5010570 5,9 16 4,1 1,0 12,5 0,09 95,1 1,2 Zayach`e К-KS 26-31 5-16 2,6 5,6 0,46 33,3 83,0 4,8 Chernoyarskoe К-OS 21-29 5-16 3,3 7,1 0,37 32,9 82,8 4,6 Tsvetkovskoe G-OS 16,8 0,56 34,5 North Taimyr: B 3B 47 14,3 10,3 1,3 26,7 73,5 4,3 Tsyganskoe Serdtse The Tunguska basin: 21.Is3.Pp.107-124 V. 2019. Daldykanskoe ZH, К Kayerkanskoe КО, KS 20,4 0,66 33,9 Listvyano-Valkovskoe КО, SS 2КО,2-3SS Norilskoe -"- 20 1,1 24 ZH, К, Imangdinskoe (1-2) ZH 26,9 6-19 1,9 16,1 0,41 33,8 82,7-92,8 OS Kayakskoe D, SS 45,2 7,0 0,43 32,1 75 Kureyskoe Т, А 5,2-12 6,3 12,1 0,3 32,7 89-96,3 Mikchandinskoe D-Т 12-39 1,5-5,5 4,8-42,6 - 30,7-35,3 75-89 Khatangskoe B 3B - 109 Syndaskoe B 3B TableYury 1.un Qualityg-Tumu sof coals of the ArcticB zone of2B Russia-3B in contact of main coal ranks, basins, areas, fields, regions, deposits Yuzhny Tigyan B 2B 3,0 0,5 9,0 Tiksinsky region www.geors.ru GEORESURSY Buokalaahskoe D 28,0 0,4 Taimalyrskoe D 40 4,9 6,5 0,3 32,0 78,9 Chai-Tumusskoe G, ZH 35,7-37,5 1,7-2,8 6,6-10,9 0,42 33,6-35,7 83-85,7 5,6-5,8 The Zyryanka basin: Tikhonskoe G-OS 14,1 0,46 31,3 Sibik-2 GZHО 08_3610 0,8-0,89 32-39 8-12 1,7-3,0 12,2 0,25 27,2 33,7 82,3-85,5 5,3-6,2 Erosionnoe ZH-К 1023023 1,0-1,1 10-34 28,6-32 17-28 1,2 14,5 0,27 26,2 35,0 85,8 5,6 Buor-Kemyusskoe GZHО 0813012 0,87 16-20 30,7-31,5 11-13 12-14 0,3-0,4 24,5 35,4 75,8-85,5 5,3 Anyuiskaya D Yablonskoe Т 1Т, 3SS 15,4 0,77 35,5 Eldenyrskoe D 5-43 17,0 0,6 16,0 Rarytkinskoe B, D 44 5,9 22,3 1,0 30,5 74,7 5,7 Anadyrskoe B, D 3B,- 0302010(B) 0,35-0,49 0-2 47 5,5 6-21,3 0,6 19,8 74,5-77,6 5,6 Koinatkhunskoe B 1B 54,8-55,6 10,8-20 2,0 7,8 62,3-63,2 4,3-5,6 Bukhta Ugolnaya G 1G-2G 0,66-0,95 2-22 43,3 10-18