Kuala Lumpur | Johor Bahru | George Town | Kuantan | Kota Kinabalu | Kuching | Kota | Kuantan | Johor Bahru George Town Lumpur Kuala Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized of Competitive Cities inMalaysia of Competitive Achieving aSystem Achieving Annexes Achieving a System of Competitive Cities in Malaysia Annexes World Bank Reimbursable Advisory Service Social, Urban, Rural, and Resilience Global Practice November 2015 For further information refer to: Director General, Economic Planning Unit Prime Minister’s Department Block B5 & B6 Federal Government Administrative Centre 62502 PUTRAJAYA Website: www.epu.gov.my All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied, stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise; without prior permission of Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister’s Department, Malaysia. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables .................................................................................................................................................. 4 List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................. 5 List of Boxes ................................................................................................................................................... 5 1. Data Resources for Economic Analysis (Annex for Chapter 2) ........................................................................ 7 1.1. Data Utilization ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1.1. Data received from the Government of Malaysia ..................................................................................7 1.1.2. What have we done with the government data? ...................................................................................7 2. Additional Information on Spatial Analysis (Annex for Chapter 3) ................................................................. 8 2.1. Standardized Groupings of Land Use Classes ..........................................................................................................8 2.2. Technical Recommendations on the Management of GIS Data in Malaysia ...........................................................9 2.3. Modelling the impact of Malay Reserve Land on housing affordability in Johor Bahru ........................................11 3. Institutional Issues (Annexes for Chapter 4) ............................................................................................. 14 3.1. Institutional Mapping.............................................................................................................................................. 14 3.2. List of Meetings for Institutional Analysis ............................................................................................................. 81 3.3. Institutional Analysis: Selected Global Case Studies ............................................................................................82 3.3.1. Case study one: Decentralization in Indonesia ................................................................................. 82 3.3.2. Case study two: Decentralization in Mexico ...................................................................................... 85 3.3.3. Case study three: Decentralization in Spain ...................................................................................... 87 3.4. Metropolitan Management – Approaches and Implications .................................................................................89 3.4.1 Why metropolitan management matters for Malaysia ......................................................................89 3.4.2. The need for metropolitan governance through political transformation .........................................91 3.4.3. Metropolitan governance models ....................................................................................................... 92 3.4.4. Global experiences .............................................................................................................................. 92 3.4.5. Metropolitan (regional) authority: city examples .............................................................................. 97 3.4.6. Metropolitan-level planning through non-governmental organizations ...........................................98 3.4.7. Metropolitan-level / regional government: city examples .................................................................99 3.4.8. Consolidated local government: city examples ............................................................................... 102 3.4.9. Large infrastructure projects: special situations ............................................................................. 103 3.4.10. Lessons learned and policy implications ......................................................................................... 104 3.5. Mayor’s Wedge Analysis for Greater KL/KV PBTs .................................................................................................107 3.5.1. The Mayor’s wedge framework: a standardized framework for city governments ......................... 107 3.5.2. Overview: Greater Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley PBTs ................................................................ 108 3.5.3. Malaysia’s intergovernmental environment ......................................................................................110 3.5.4. Economic development strategy .......................................................................................................112 3.5.5. City service delivery ...........................................................................................................................114 3.5.6. Business regulations and licensing ...................................................................................................119 3.6. Examples of Formulae for Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers ...........................................................................120 3.6.1. Formulae for Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers in Australia ....................................................... 120 Malaysia: Achieving a System of Competitive Cities 3 3.6.2. Formulae for Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers in Indonesia .......................................................122 3.7. Annex 3 References ............................................................................................................................................... 125 4. Social Exclusion (Annexes for Chapter 5) ................................................................................................. 131 4.1. Field Work Implementation Details .......................................................................................................................131 4.1.1. Calendar of events for qualitative field work ....................................................................................131 4.1.2. Summary of participants in focus group discussions .......................................................................133 4.1.3. Focus group discussion questionnaire ..............................................................................................134 4.1.4. Guidelines for focus group discussions............................................................................................ 136 4.1.5. General Structure of the Focus Group Discussion ............................................................................137 4.1.6. List of agencies in round table discussions ......................................................................................138 4.1.7. Agenda: Agency Meeting: EPU November 3rd, 2014 ........................................................................138 4.1.8. List of Civil Society Organizations in Malaysia working with youth at risk .................................... 139 4.2. List of Federal Government Programs for Youth .................................................................................................. 143 4.3. Case Study: England supports affordable housing through land planning and policy ....................................... 147 4.4. Annex 4 References ...............................................................................................................................................148 LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1: Land use classifications by city............................................................................................................................9 Table 2-2: Estimated increase in rents and land values when MRL is excluded from urbanization ................................ 13 Table 3-1: Institutional Map - Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur ..................................................................................... 14 Table 3-2: Institutional Map: Federal Territory of Putrajaya ............................................................................................. 22 Table 3-3: Institutional Map: Selangor................................................................................................................................30 Table 3-4: Institutional Map: Penang State ........................................................................................................................40