TABLE 4 Gender Development Index SDG 3 SDG 4.3 SDG 4.4 SDG 8.5 Estimated gross national Gender Development Index Human Development Index Life expectancy at birth Expected years of schooling Mean years of schooling income per capitaa Value (years) (years) (years) (2017 PPP $) Value Groupb Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male HDI RANK 2019 2019 2019 2019 2019 2019 2019c 2019c 2019c 2019c 2019 2019 Very high human development 1 Norway 0.990 1 0.949 0.959 84.4 80.4 18.8 d 17.4 13.0 12.8 58,548 74,280 2 Ireland 0.981 1 0.943 0.961 83.9 80.7 18.8 d 18.6 d 12.9 12.4 55,540 81,401 e 2 Switzerland 0.968 2 0.934 0.965 85.6 81.9 16.2 16.4 12.7 13.6 57,840 81,137 e 4 Hong Kong, China (SAR) 0.972 2 0.933 0.959 87.7 82.0 17.1 16.8 11.9 12.7 45,961 82,993 e 4 Iceland 0.969 2 0.933 0.963 84.5 81.5 20.2 d 18.0 d 12.6 f 13.0 f 46,413 62,883 6 Germany 0.972 2 0.933 0.960 83.7 78.9 16.9 17.0 13.9 14.4 45,277 65,599 7 Sweden 0.983 1 0.936 0.953 84.6 81.0 20.4 d 18.6 d 12.7 12.4 47,709 61,287 8 Australia 0.976 1 0.932 0.955 85.4 81.5 22.4 d 21.5 d 12.8 f 12.7 f 39,287 56,954 8 Netherlands 0.966 2 0.926 0.960 84.0 80.6 18.8 d 18.2 d 12.2 12.7 46,815 68,685 10 Denmark 0.983 1 0.931 0.948 82.9 78.9 19.6 d 18.3 d 12.8 f 12.4 f 49,296 68,134 11 Finland 0.990 1 0.932 0.942 84.7 79.1 20.2 d 18.6 d 13.0 12.6 40,759 56,485 11 Singapore 0.985 1 0.931 0.945 85.7 81.5 16.7 16.3 11.2 12.1 71,387 103,421 e 13 United Kingdom 0.970 2 0.916 0.944 83.0 79.6 18.0 17.0 13.2 13.2 33,323 59,135 14 Belgium 0.974 2 0.918 0.943 83.9 79.3 20.7 d 18.8 d 11.9 g 12.2 g 41,948 62,427 14 New Zealand 0.964 2 0.912 0.946 84.0 80.6 19.7 d 17.9 12.7 f 12.9 f 31,233 50,693 16 Canada 0.986 1 0.922 0.935 84.4 80.4 16.7 15.7 13.4 f 13.3 f 39,459 57,734 17 United States 0.994 1 0.922 0.928 81.4 76.3 16.9 15.7 13.5 13.4 50,590 77,338 e 18 Austria 0.964 2 0.903 0.937 83.9 79.2 16.4 15.8 12.2 f 12.9 f 39,386 73,528 19 Israel 0.973 2 0.904 0.929 84.5 81.3 16.8 15.6 13.1 13.0 29,665 50,819 19 Japan 0.978 1 0.906 0.927 87.7 81.5 15.2 15.3 13.1 h 12.6 h 30,584 55,869 19 Liechtenstein .. .. .. .. .. .. 13.8 16.0 .. .. .. .. 22 Slovenia 1.001 1 0.916 0.914 84.0 78.6 18.3 16.8 12.6 12.7 33,885 42,312 23 Korea (Republic of) 0.936 3 0.881 0.941 86.0 79.9 15.9 17.0 11.4 12.9 27,734 58,309 23 Luxembourg 0.976 1 0.901 0.923 84.3 80.2 14.3 14.2 12.0 g 12.6 g 58,642 86,488 e 25 Spain 0.986 1 0.896 0.909 86.2 80.8 18.0 17.2 10.2 10.3 32,881 49,356 26 France 0.987 1 0.895 0.907 85.5 79.7 16.0 15.3 11.3 11.7 39,478 55,375 27 Czechia 0.985 1 0.893 0.906 81.9 76.8 17.5 16.1 12.5 f 12.9 f 29,480 47,012 28 Malta 0.966 2 0.877 0.909 84.3 80.7 16.5 15.7 11.1 11.6 29,368 49,686 29 Estonia 1.017 1 0.896 0.882 82.7 74.4 16.8 15.2 13.6 f 12.7 f 27,086 45,984 29 Italy 0.968 2 0.875 0.905 85.5 81.3 16.4 15.8 10.2 i 10.6 i 31,639 54,529 31 United Arab Emirates 0.931 3 0.842 0.905 79.3 77.3 14.8 14.1 11.7 i 12.4 i 28,578 84,723 e 32 Greece 0.963 2 0.869 0.902 84.7 79.8 17.5 18.1 10.3 10.8 24,062 36,476 33 Cyprus 0.979 1 0.876 0.895 83.0 78.9 15.4 14.9 12.1 12.3 31,881 44,533 34 Lithuania 1.030 2 0.894 0.868 81.4 70.3 17.1 16.2 13.1 13.0 30,987 41,389 35 Poland 1.007 1 0.880 0.874 82.6 74.8 16.9 15.3 12.5 g 12.4 g 24,827 38,850 36 Andorra .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 10.4 10.6 .. .. 37 Latvia 1.036 2 0.879 0.849 80.0 70.2 16.8 15.5 13.4 f 12.6 f 25,758 35,584 38 Portugal 0.988 1 0.858 0.868 84.9 79.0 16.5 16.6 9.4 9.1 28,937 39,571 39 Slovakia 0.992 1 0.855 0.862 81.0 74.0 15.0 14.0 12.6 f 12.8 f 24,618 40,014 40 Hungary 0.981 1 0.844 0.861 80.3 73.2 15.5 14.9 11.7 12.2 23,170 40,316 40 Saudi Arabia 0.896 5 0.791 0.883 76.8 73.9 16.0 16.2 9.8 10.5 16,512 70,181 42 Bahrain 0.922 4 0.806 0.874 78.4 76.4 16.7 16.1 9.1 9.7 19,059 55,565 43 Chile 0.963 2 0.833 0.865 82.4 77.8 16.7 16.2 10.5 10.7 16,398 30,322 43 Croatia 0.990 1 0.848 0.857 81.6 75.3 16.0 14.5 11.1 g 12.2 g 23,775 32,689 45 Qatar 1.030 2 0.866 0.841 82.0 79.1 14.1 11.3 11.3 9.4 45,338 107,833 e 46 Argentina 0.993 1 0.835 0.840 80.0 73.2 18.9 16.4 11.1 f 10.7 f 14,872 27,826 47 Brunei Darussalam 0.981 1 0.830 0.846 77.1 74.7 14.8 13.9 9.1 h 9.2 h 54,386 72,835 48 Montenegro 0.966 2 0.814 0.843 79.3 74.4 15.4 14.7 10.9 j 12.3 j 17,518 25,368 49 Romania 0.991 1 0.824 0.831 79.5 72.6 14.7 13.9 10.8 11.4 24,433 34,846 50 Palau .. .. .. .. .. .. 16.3 i 15.3 i .. .. .. .. 51 Kazakhstan 0.980 1 0.807 0.823 77.7 69.2 15.8 15.1 10.9 i 11.9 i 16,791 29,296 52 Russian Federation 1.007 1 0.823 0.817 77.8 67.1 15.3 14.8 11.9 i 12.1 i 19,694 33,640 53 Belarus 1.007 1 0.824 0.819 79.6 69.7 15.7 15.2 12.2 j 12.4 j 14,911 22,721 54 Turkey 0.924 4 0.784 0.848 80.6 74.7 16.0 f 17.1 f 7.3 9.0 17,854 37,807 55 Uruguay 1.016 1 0.814 0.801 81.5 74.1 17.1 15.1 9.2 8.6 15,445 25,008 56 Bulgaria 0.995 1 0.813 0.817 78.7 71.6 14.6 14.2 11.5 11.2 18,453 28,483 57 Panama 1.019 1 0.826 0.811 81.8 75.4 13.5 12.4 11.2 h 10.0 h 24,050 35,049 58 Bahamas .. .. .. .. 76.1 71.7 .. .. 11.7 11.4 27,560 40,295 58 Barbados 1.008 1 0.816 0.809 80.5 77.8 16.8 14.0 11.0 k 10.3 k 12,656 17,370 Continued → 356 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT / 2020 TABLE 4 SDG 3 SDG 4.3 SDG 4.4 SDG 8.5 Estimated gross national Gender Development Index Human Development Index Life expectancy at birth Expected years of schooling Mean years of schooling income per capitaa Value (years) (years) (years) (2017 PPP $) Value Groupb Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male HDI RANK 2019 2019 2019 2019 2019 2019 2019c 2019c 2019c 2019c 2019 2019 60 Oman 0.936 3 0.768 0.821 80.3 76.1 15.0 13.7 10.6 i 9.4 i 7,959 35,201 61 Georgia 0.980 1 0.800 0.817 78.1 69.3 15.5 15.0 13.2 13.1 9,475 19,864 62 Costa Rica 0.981 1 0.802 0.818 82.9 77.7 16.4 15.4 8.9 8.6 13,476 23,501 62 Malaysia 0.972 2 0.797 0.821 78.3 74.2 14.0 13.3 10.3 10.5 20,825 33,877 64 Kuwait 0.983 1 0.793 0.807 76.6 74.8 15.2 13.2 8.0 6.8 31,698 75,840 e 64 Serbia 0.977 1 0.797 0.815 78.6 73.4 15.3 14.2 10.8 11.6 13,990 20,525 66 Mauritius 0.976 1 0.791 0.811 78.5 71.7 15.7 14.4 9.4 h 9.7 h 15,870 34,898 High human development 67 Seychelles .