l,3fai.r'� AT WAIKIKI Manuladurer, Wholesaler and Retailer of carved woods, hors d'oeuvre trays, salad bowls, lamps, custom-built furniture and tables. MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY 404 Ward Avenue • Phone 564-907 RETAIL LOCATIONS lllolr'a M The Outrigger Hotel - 2335 Kalakaua Avenue - Phone 939-994 IJl•lr'a nt The Hilton Hawaiian Village - 2005 Kalia Rd. - Phone 913-6955 ll•t•II .io,·01 carry Hawaiian, Oriental and Polynesian Carved Woods and •ho♦ luwnlry. Catalogue available on req\Jest. T!,i� is the only surviving image in Hawaii from a temple of human WHEN ONE COMPARES - THEY BUY AT BLAIR'S ,.1rrilicc. lt was carved from the trunk of an ohia lehua tree. -Bishop Museum Photo, The Recognized Book of Authentic Inforrnation on Hawaii Combined with THRUM·s HAWAIIAN ALMANAC AND STANDARD GUIDE Compiled and Edited by Chades E. Frankel 90th EDITION -� 1968 -a..... Published by STAR-BULLETIN PRINTING CO. 420 Ward Street Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A. 96814 Contents Page FOREWORD ........................................................ 7 SIGHTS ANO SOUNDS ............................................... 9 Ha,Yaiian Music .................................................... 9 Hawaii Calls ..............................•....................... 13 Ha\vaiian C'ultt1re, ................................................. l4 Sul'tlng- ....................................•..............•........ 19 Golf ..................................•.........•.....•..•......... 22 Coc-kllghting ...............................•...........•. ·, · ·, · .... 25 'l'ht• fJishop hifuseun1.......................•.......... ....•........ 28 ALL ABOUT HAWAII l'lu :\fnu Village ................................•.•.......•........ 35 PolyneRian Cultural C:ent<>r................................ 38 combined with Rea T,ifo rark... 41 l-=>n1·a<1f:::::e Parl, ...•....•...•.•.••..•.•....•....•...............••. 47 Thrum's Hawaiian Almanac and Standard Guide :,;tate Park� ...............•...............•....................... 48 Honolulu Parks ............•...............•......•................ 51 Registered as Trade Name Hiking .......................•............•..•....•.•.....•..•.... 54 Foster F::1)tanic Garden ............................................ 56 Copyright l'hotog-rapliy . .. .......................... , ..................... 57 Sy STAR-BULLETIN PRINTING CO. l(n<lak Hula Sho\\-'................................................ 63 1 1968 l 1 lo1·a Paeifica ........................................... 64 'l'IIO• �tntuary Hall Controversy ........•.......•.......... 65 \1•1 •. , . ....................•..•.• , ...• , ..•...... 68 1 'l:issl(•al :\'[US!{' .....•..•.............•.•.....•.••.. 70 'l'llp l..,cgiti1nate The.atre .......................................... 72 l11l1.•1·nntiona1 �rnrket PlaC'e ....•.......•..•........................ 7:J \111 �-1oana CPntf'r................................................. 7fi 79 VOi.CANOES ........................................................ S2 1 ltC ISLANDS ...................................................... 87 IIJ1l111 ·························•··· .•••.•..•....••• ·••·•···· 87 11 n \\·11 I I •....•..•.••.••••.•••••.•.•••••.• · , · • · · · · · • · · • · · · · · · · • · · • · · · 114 �111111 ••.•••••.•..•.....•.•.......•.••.•.•.......•...•.......•....•. 127 1,u1111I .............................................................. 134 14:l 1.:111111 •.. , ..... , ••..•...··•·•···· ·•····•••••··••·•• ..•..•....•...... 149 :Sllhau ............................................................ 151 1,;11hool:1,,·,. ................•........................•..•.......•... Hi:{ r1tE PEOPLE OF HAWAII .......................................... 154 �I , •nr t )pt.•11 �oc:i�\ty, by Governor Burns............................. lfi<i 111111·nl l's l' t•opl,• .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. • . .. •. .. .. .. .. 156 1111,•1•1·:wl:tl :\'lar,·iag·c•,s .............................................. 1.GS tl'l11• �t\1-,;1°1) i11 lla,,·a.li ........•..•.......•.......•.................. 160 AllCHITECTURE IN HAWAII. ....................................... lGl 00:iT OF HOMES.... ................................................ 1.83 CONTENTS-Continued Foreword 'Page This is the 90th volume of Thrum's Hawaiian Almanac-All LANO OWNERSHIP .......................................· · · .......· 185 About Hawaii. This truly is a remarkable achievement in the THE HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE.................................... , .. 193 publishing world, where annuals and almanacs sprout and die with PIDGIN ENGLISH AND DIALECTS ..........•. , ..........··,,.,,··. 199 amazing rapidiry. No other state has a comparable almanac of this HAWAIIAN NAMES ................ , , ·, ·, · .... • · ........ · ·.. · ·· · ·• .. 204 longevity. There have been more volumes of Thrum's than the DICTIONARY ................... , .• ·,,, ·. · · ·· · ··,, · ·· · ·· · · ·• · · ·· ·· · ·· 211 Wor!d Almanac; the World Almanac appeared first in 1868, while HISTORY OF HAWAII... .................................. ··........ , 225 Thrum's did not make its debut until 1875; but the World Almanac :\fonarchs and Queens ...................•....... ,••• .. • • •• •• • • •• •• • 253 was discontinued from 1876 until 1886. A LEGEND ............................. , ...... · .... · .... · ..... ·· · · ·· · 254 When George Thrum published his first almanac in 1875, he 257 wrote: HAWAII'S WEATHER ......................... ·,. · ..· · ·, .. ·.. · · ·· · · · "The Hawaiian Annual and Almanac, in making its fuse appear­ BOOKS ABOUT HAWAII ..................... ·· .... ···· ·•··· ·...... · 265 ance, offers no apology for its intrusion. It crusts that the large EDUCATION .................... , ... ,., ..... ··.... , ......... · · · .... ·· 276 amount of statistical and other information contained herein . Puhlic and Private Schools ...................... ,....... • • ....• •· • 276 will meet with public approval through its taking up and filling a The University of f.hnvaii <'nntl'ovct·HY ....................... • • • •. 277 '!'he East-\Vest Cente1·..................................... · .. · · · ·· 280 want acknowledged to be seriously felt, more especially among 1 rnnsient visitors . ·• GOVERNMENT ................. , ......... , ........•.. , .. ,.. · ..· · · .. , 281 State Government ...... .........•.....•........ , .... •.... • · •• • •• · •· 281 Ir is hoped that this 90th volume will prove of value and interest c•ounty <1over11me11ts ....•..................... • • • •. • •• · · ·· - • ·· ·· · · 281 Ill 1hc resident and to the visitor, to the student and to the scholar. Honolulu's Mayol'$ .........•............. • • ...... •• • • • • · · · · ·• ·· ·· · 286 Wt are especially proud to present a new section on the Hawai- Government .F"inances .......................... • • • • - • • • · · • • · · · · · · · · 287 1.111 language and pidgin, and a hisrory of Hawaii architecture, from ("ong·ress .................... - .• - • • •• • ·· · · · · · · · ·· · · ·· • ·· · · · ·· · ·· ·· · 292 Go,1e,rno rs of lla.\VBii .......................... • .... • •. • • • • - • • • • · • • • 294 grass shack to skyscraper. Thrum's has gone through various changes of name, and this BUSINESS .................................. ·, ·, ......... · ...· · .. · •· · 300 The Big Five ........•............................................. :lOO y1·,11 we are reverting to "Thrum's Hawaiian Almanac-All About Pinenpple ............ • ........... •• · •· · • ·• · ·· ·· · · · · · · · · · · ·· · • · • · · · 302 I l.1waii," substituting the word "almanac" for "annual." Su1;ar ................ ,..... • • •• .. •• · ·· · · ·· ·· ·· · · · · ·· · · · · · ·· · • · · · ·· 307 'T'ourisn1 ................................... - .. - • ... , • . • • • • .. • • • • • • • 313 'l'ht· L"dicor wishes co acknowledge the help and cooperation of ...\.ir TrtlllSl)Ol'tatio11 ......... · .. • •. · · · · · · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · • · • · • • · · · · · 316 ltohcn C Sd1mitt. State statistician; Agnes Conrad, State archivist: U(•ean 'l�ra.vel ............................................. - ....... 318 J,ltlt"I E. Bell of the University of Hawaii library; Dec Prather of �laca.damia Nuts .................. -.. • • • • • • · · • • · • · · - · • · • · · · · · · · · · · 319 Banks .............., . • ..... • ·· • · ·• ·· · ··· · ·· ·· ·•· ··· ·· · · ·· · · ··· · 321 thL" I lawaii Visitors Bureau; Fred Bennion of the Tax Foundation savinµ:s an<l Loan Assoclntions ................... -............... 322 of l lawaii, and my colleagues on the Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Statistic� .......... • •• •. • •· · ·· • • · · · · · · • ·· · · · · · ·· · · ·· · ·· · ·· ·· ·· ·• ·· · 323 For the secrion on the history of architecture, I am endebted co THE MILITARY ........................ · · ....... ·· · · ·· .. ···· ···· .. · · 327 Thomas H. Creighton, Donald W. Y. Goo, Edward M. Brownlee, POPULATION STATISTICS ............., .... , ..· • · · .. · · · •· ........ · 329 Rid1ard N. Dennis, A. Bruce Echeringron, Frederick H. Furer, 332 < ,l'Orgt K. Kekoolani, William D. Merrill, Kenneth W. Roehrig, GEOGRAPHICAL STATISTICS ......... , , •. , . ·· ·· · · ·· · · ·· · · ·•· · •· · · · ( lwk-s R. Sutton, George S. Walters, George V. Whisenand, Reuben COST OF LIVING .................................................... 334 "· S. Zane, and Peg Smith Dunham. .. 339 HEALTH .............•.....•.........•........•..................•. 339 Charles E. Frankel Statistics -························································· Editor ·· · · · · ·· · 343 J,alaupapa ..........· · • • •• · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·