TRACKING PROGRESS ON THE G20 DEVELOPMENT COMMITMENTS REPORT With support of: Contents Preface............................................................................................................................................. 3 Research Team ................................................................................................................................ 4 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................ 5 Key Recommendations for the G20 Future Agenda ..................................................................... 16 1. Infrastructure ............................................................................................................................. 18 1.1. Institutional Commitment .................................................................................................. 18 1.2. Individual Commitments ................................................................................................... 20 2. Access and Availability to Trade .............................................................................................. 58 3. Private Investment and Job Creation ........................................................................................ 78 3.1. Mandates ............................................................................................................................ 78 3.2. Individual Commitment ..................................................................................................... 81 4. Food Security .......................................................................................................................... 106 4.1. Individual Commitments ................................................................................................. 116 Argentina............................................................................................................................. 116 Australia .............................................................................................................................. 120 Brazil ................................................................................................................................... 126 Canada................................................................................................................................. 132 China ................................................................................................................................... 139 France .................................................................................................................................. 144 Germany .............................................................................................................................. 149 India .................................................................................................................................... 155 Indonesia ............................................................................................................................. 161 Italy ..................................................................................................................................... 164 Japan ................................................................................................................................... 174 Korea ................................................................................................................................... 177 Mexico ................................................................................................................................ 181 Russia .................................................................................................................................. 187 Saudi Arabia........................................................................................................................ 191 South Africa ........................................................................................................................ 196 Turkey ................................................................................................................................. 202 United Kingdom.................................................................................................................. 207 United States ....................................................................................................................... 211 European Union .................................................................................................................. 217 4.2. Collective Commitments ................................................................................................. 222 4.3. Mandates .......................................................................................................................... 228 5. Growth with Resilience ........................................................................................................... 231 6. Financial Inclusion .................................................................................................................. 261 7. Domestic Resource Mobilization ............................................................................................ 265 8. ODA and Support to Capacity Building ................................................................................. 290 9. Multilateral Development Banks Resources Replenishment .................................................. 321 10. Energy Efficiency ................................................................................................................. 325 List of Tables Table I. G20 Members Performance on Development Commitments 15 Table II. G20 Institutional Performance on Development Commitments .................................... 15 Table 4.1. G20 members’ compliance with individual food security commitments .................. 114 Table 4.2. G20 compliance scores on collective food security commitments ............................ 115 Table 4.3. G20 compliance scores on food security mandates ................................................... 115 Table 9.1. G20 Countries Membership in MDBs ....................................................................... 322 Table 9.2. G20 Members Participation in MDBs Replenishments ............................................. 323 2 Preface G20 leaders have addressed issues of development since their inaugural meeting in Washington in 2008. At the 2010 Seoul Summit G20 agreed on Seoul Development Consensus and set out concrete actions and outcomes to be delivered in the Multi-Year Action Plan on Development. This report reviews G20 members’ implementation of their decisions in key areas agreed at the 2010 Seoul Summit, including investment in infrastructure, responsible private investment in value chains, human resource development, access and availability of trade, financial inclusion, improving income security and resilience to shocks, food security, support to inclusive growth and social equity through building sustainable revenue bases. Compliance on the commitment to assist the poorest countries and support them in mobilizing domestic resources, as well as the pledge to create enabling environments conducive for the development and deployment of energy efficiency and clean energy technologies has also been monitored. This review aims to provide an independent analysis and evidence base for a dialogue between a wide range of stakeholders and G20 governors on the future development agenda of the forum. The review is focused on the implementation of decisions and does not attempt to estimate the impact or effectiveness of G20 actions. We hope the findings may help to identify actions and policies on the development agenda where the G20 has been the most effective. The report has been initiated and produced by an international network of scholars under the leadership of the International Organizations Research Institute of the National Research University Higher School of Economics (IORI HSE) and the G20 Research Group of the University of Toronto in the run-up to Russia’s G20 Presidency in 2013. Responsibility for this report’s contents lies exclusively with the authors and analysts of the IORI HSE and their partners at the G20 Research Group. The monitoring timeframe spans the period from the first adoption of a decision to October 31, 2012. This analysis of implementation is based on official documents issued by international organizations and G20 countries, media reports and other publicly available information. To ensure accuracy, comprehensiveness and integrity, we encourage comments. Indeed, scores can be recalibrated if new material becomes available. The evaluation methodology is defined according to the policy area and their concrete decisions and is described in each section. Two types of pledges have been included in the analysis: commitments, which require actions at the national level, or “G20 members’ individual commitments”; and pledges and mandates, which require action by the G20 as an institution, or “institutional commitments”. Each of the commitments was assessed using the following scoring system: +1 for full compliance, 0 for partial compliance or work in progress, and -1 for non- compliance. To stimulate dialogue each section and respective piece of the executive summary concludes with recommendations for the G20’s future actions. The report has been produced with support of the United