Profile of Kabale District, Uganda Charlie Langan (Carbon Foundation of East Africa) & Jenny Farmer (University of Aberdeen) June 2014 Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 Geography ............................................................................................................................................................ 4 Population ........................................................................................................................................................... 6 Population density ....................................................................................................................................... 6 Population trends ......................................................................................................................................... 6 Population by sex .......................................................................................................................................... 7 Population by age ......................................................................................................................................... 7 Household size ............................................................................................................................................... 7 District Administration and Planning ....................................................................................................... 8 Land ........................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Land tenure and holdings .......................................................................................................................... 9 Environment ....................................................................................................................................................... 9 Topography ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 Soils ................................................................................................................................................................. 10 Forests ........................................................................................................................................................... 10 Wetlands ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 Environmental issues ............................................................................................................................... 11 Energy and Waste ........................................................................................................................................... 12 Energy ............................................................................................................................................................ 12 Waste Management ................................................................................................................................... 12 Enterprise and the Economy ...................................................................................................................... 13 Production .................................................................................................................................................... 13 Cooperative development ...................................................................................................................... 13 Marketing of agricultural produce and products ........................................................................... 13 Finance .......................................................................................................................................................... 14 Tourism development .............................................................................................................................. 14 Agriculture........................................................................................................................................................ 14 Agriculture sub-sectors ........................................................................................................................... 14 Apiculture ..................................................................................................................................................... 17 Agricultural zones ..................................................................................................................................... 17 Agricultural extension services ............................................................................................................ 19 Health, Education and Wellbeing ............................................................................................................. 19 Public health ................................................................................................................................................ 19 Education ...................................................................................................................................................... 20 Wellbeing ...................................................................................................................................................... 20 Poverty ............................................................................................................................................................... 20 Introduction The purpose of this document is to: • Combine a number of different documents that are not easily accessible to most people in Uganda (i.e. government planning documents, old reports, etc.) which are often not available electronically, and • Attempt to rationalise some of the available statistics, as in many sources these are sometime contradictory or have missing units. Geography Kabale District is situated in the South West of the Republic of Uganda. It lies between 29° 45' - 30° 15' East and 1° 00' - 1° 29' South. It borders with the districts of Kisoro to the West, Kanungu to the North West, Rukungiri to the North, Ntungamo to the East and the Republic of Rwanda to the South. The District consists of three rural counties, Ndorwa, Rubanda and Rukiga and one urban municipality, Kabale Municipality. The three rural counties are divided into 19 sub-counties and 3 town councils, and 119 parishes that are further divided into 1,345 villages. The ALTER project sites are located in the Muko and Kashambya sub-counties, in Rubanda and Rukiga counties respectively. Kabale District is a highland district of Uganda, covering 1,864 km2. The topography is mainly green, interlocking and heavily cultivated hills with spectacular valleys. The altitude of Kabale District ranges between 1,219 - 2,347 m above sea level. This altitude makes it colder than the rest of the country. Temperatures average about 18°C during the day and fall to about 10°C at night. Rainfall in the district is bimodal with heavy rains between March and May, and a more moderate wet season around October - November. June, July and August are generally the driest months of the year. The long-term annual rainfall in the district is 1093.2 mm per annum Figure 2. The long term average annual relative humidity is 94.75 at 0600 to 60.4 at 1200 (UBOS 2013). KASHAMBYA IKUMBA HAMURWA RWAMU -CUCU BUKINDA MUKO BUBARE KAMWEZI NORTHERN DIV. CENTRAL DIV. N KAHARO SOUTHERN DIV.KYANAMIRA LAKE 939 KITUMBA BUNYONYI MAZIBA BUFUNDI BUHARA KAMUGA Population Density -NGUZI Persons per Sq Km 166 - 190 191 - 255 RUBAYA 256 - 291 292 - 330 0 10 20 Kilometers 331 - 1791 Water Bodies Figure 1: Map of Kabale District Population Density by Sub County (KDDP 2011) Annual Distribution of Rainfall in Kabale District 250 200 Long Term Ave 150 2004 100 2005 Rainfall (mm) Rainfall 2006 50 2007 0 2008 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Figure 2 Annual rainfall in Kabale District (Data UBOS 2012) Population Population density Kabale District has a projected population of 490,227 for 2010, of which 91% live outside the Municipality (Kabale District Development Plan, 2008). The people are predominantly from the Bakiga tribe, but also from Batwa (Pygmies), the Banyarwanda and the Bahororo tribal clans. The common language is Rukiga, a Bantu language. The District is densely populated with projected population density of 281 people per km2 in 2010 (Table 1). Administration Area Population Population Density (pp km-2) Projection 2010 Uganda 35.4 m* 179 Kabale district 490,227 281 Rubanda County 184,823 254 Muko Sub County 40,861 273 Rukiga County 96,901 226 Kashambya Sub County 25,318 196 Table 1: Population and population density for Kabale District. *Population projection for Uganda as a whole is for 2013. Source: UBOS (2013). Population data is based on projected population from the 2002 Census. Source: District Planning Unit (2008). Administration areas are computed 2014 administration boundaries. Source: UBOS (2014). Population trends Uganda’s projected population for 2013 was 35.6 million people, with an estimated annual growth of 3.75% per annum between 2010 and 2013. The population growth rate of 0.81 was projected