Global Integrated Collection Assessment and Planning Workshop for Canids and Hyaenids Omaha, NE, US, 19 – 20 March 2016 Final Report Workshop organized by: AZA Canid and Hyaenid Taxon Advisory Group; EAZA Canid and Hyaenid Taxon Advisory Group; ZAA Carnivore Taxon Advisory Group; IUCN SSC Canid Specialist Group; IUCN SSC Hyaenid Specialist Group; and the IUCN SSC Conservation Planning Specialist Group (CPSG). Workshop financial support provided by: Saint Louis Zoo and a private donation Photo credits (front cover, left to right): Row 1: African wild dog (Yorkshire Wildlife Park); Swift fox (M. Sovada); Darwin fox education (M. Zordan); Fennec fox research (Fitbit; R. Meibaum); Row 2: Culpeo fox (Zoologico Nacional – Parque Metropolitano de Santiago, Chile); spotted hyena (Colchester Zoo); bush dog (M. Jacob); maned wolf (Temaiken Foundation); Row 3: Dhole (B. Gupta); Mexican wolf (J. Fallon); striped hyena (T. Rehse); black‐backed jackal (Amersfoort Zoo) A contribution of the IUCN SSC Conservation Planning Specialist Group IUCN encourages meetings, workshops and other fora for the consideration and analysis of issues related to conservation, and believes that reports of these meetings are most useful when broadly disseminated. The opinions and views expressed by the authors may not necessarily reflect the formal policies of IUCN, its Commissions, its Secretariat or its members. The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. © Copyright CPSG 2018 Traylor‐Holzer, K., K. Leus, and K. Bauman (eds.). 2018. Global Integrated Collection Assessment and Planning Workshop for Canids and Hyaenids: Final Report. IUCN SSC Conservation Planning Specialist Group, Apple Valley, MN. A PDF of Global Integrated Collection Assessment and Planning Workshop for Canids and Hyaenids: Final Report can be downloaded at: www.cpsg.org. Global Integrated Collection Assessment and Planning Workshop for Canids and Hyenids Omaha, NE, USA 19 – 20 March 2016 CONTENTS SECTION 1. Executive Summary ............................................................................................... 1 SECTION 2. ICAP Process .......................................................................................................... 3 SECTION 3. Summary Results .................................................................................................. 10 SECTION 4. Taxon Sheets: Large Canids .................................................................................. 12 Threatened taxa ............................................................................................ 13 Non‐threatened taxa ..................................................................................... 29 SECTION 5. Taxon Sheets: Small Canids ................................................................................. 42 Threatened taxa ............................................................................................ 43 Non‐threatened taxa ..................................................................................... 54 SECTION 6. Taxon Sheets: Hyaenids ....................................................................................... 92 Threatened taxa ............................................................................................ 93 Non‐threatened taxa ..................................................................................... 98 SECTION 7. Reference Material for Assessments ................................................................. 102 APPENDIX I. ICAP Participants and Agenda ......................................................................... 110 APPENDIX II. Ex Situ Roles Pre‐Workshop Survey ................................................................ 114 APPENDIX III. Workshop manual ......................................................................................... 120 Global Integrated Collection Assessment and Planning Workshop for Canids and Hyenids Omaha, NE, USA 19 – 20 March 2016 Final Report SECTION 1 Executive Summary Executive Summary The global zoo community faces the continuous challenge of assessing and modifying their collections and conservation programs to better address the conservation needs of species in the wild. Ideally, each species would have an integrated conservation plan developed using the One Plan approach (OPA) to which zoos could turn for guidance. Such a plan would indicate which ex situ activities, if any, are recommended to support conservation of the species based on the IUCN Guidelines on the Use of Ex situ Management for Species Conservation. However, the majority of species are not yet covered by such an integrated plan, although formal application of the OPA and the IUCN ex situ guidelines in species conservation planning is gaining momentum, and the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) is striving to scale up the development of such conservation action plans. In the meantime, to help address this issue, a joint effort between the IUCN SSC Conservation Planning Specialist Group and regional zoo associations has resulted in a new process called ICAP, or Integrated Collection Assessment and Planning workshop. Developed in the spirit of the One Plan approach, the ICAP process brings in situ and ex situ communities together to apply the decision process of the IUCN SSC Guidelines on the Use of Ex situ Management for Species Conservation to the task of regional or global collection planning. The ICAP process is designed to be flexible and applicable to large or small groups of taxa, with the resulting analyses and recommendations being more general or detailed as appropriate. Over 30 participants representing six zoo associations (AZA, EAZA, ALPZA, PAAZA, ZAA and CZA), the IUCN SSC Canid and Hyaenid Specialist Groups, IUCN, wildlife agencies, field researchers, and recovery team members gathered in Omaha (19‐20 March 2016) for the inaugural Global Integrated Collection Assessment and Planning (ICAP) workshop for Canids and Hyaenids. The workshop was organized in collaboration with the AZA Canid and Hyaenid Taxon Advisory Group (TAG), the corresponding EAZA and ZAA TAGs, and the IUCN SSC Canid, Hyaenid and Conservation Planning Specialist Groups. All 43 canid and hyaenid taxa, including those not held in captivity, were assessed. Before the workshop, an information sheet was prepared for each taxon, which included a summary of the in situ status and threat processes, ex situ demographic and genetic status (globally and regionally), and previous recommendations for ex situ management for conservation as stated in existing action plans. These taxon sheets also included feedback from in situ experts who provided information through a carefully designed survey (based on the IUCN ex situ guidelines) regarding potential roles for ex situ management in the overall conservation of their focal taxa. During the ICAP workshop the participants assessed this information and through a facilitated plenary discussion identified potential direct and indirect ex situ conservation roles for each taxon. Each potential role was rated with respect to its relative conservation benefit to the taxon as well as the relative feasibility and risks of developing an ex situ program to meet the role. Based on a rapid analysis of the benefits vs feasibility and risks, the group reached consensus on which of the potential ex situ roles identified (if any) are recommended for each taxon, and formulated general and, where appropriate, regional zoo association‐specific recommendations. Threatened taxa: All eight threatened taxa with large (usually multi‐regional) populations were recommended for one or more ex situ conservation roles (median # roles = 6) and some level of level of ex situ population management. Many of these taxa involved established regionally managed programs with existing in situ conservation links. ICAP recommendations broadened existing ex situ roles and options and helped to identify regional priorities for these taxa. Six threatened taxa have small or no existing ex situ populations. Development of sustainable ex situ breeding populations generally was not recommended due to low feasibility and/or high risk; Global ICAP for Canids and Hyaenids Page 1 March 2016 however, for some taxa proactive activities were recommended to develop husbandry expertise, monitor wild populations, and establish criteria to trigger ex situ population establishment if conditions or status in the wild change. Ex situ roles not requiring live animals (e.g., local education outreach, in situ support) were often recommended for these threatened taxa. Non‐threatened taxa: Nine non‐threatened taxa are held in relatively large numbers within zoos (>100 individuals). ICAP recommendations within this category included: reduction or elimination of the ex situ population and replacement with another taxon; limited, well managed ex situ population with targeted conservation education messages; regional program only for locally threatened subspecies; and in situ support. For many of the 20 non‐threatened taxa with a small or no ex situ population, no ex situ population or role was identified, with the caveat that this should be re‐evaluated if status in the wild changes. Several exceptions emerged, however, such as recommended regional programs