1A44 sqa-z4 40,4A1 Z4~ 5-1q2- ~~~~~in-- fiiL COPY REST V Report No. PE-Za Public Disclosure Authorized This report wcis prepared for use within the Bank and its affiliated organizations. Thoy do not accept responsibility for its accuracy or completeness. The report may not be published nor may it be quoted as representing their views. INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION Public Disclosure Authorized A ThllA -C A I ,I-% AN EDUCATION PROJECT IN ZAM]3IA Public Disclosure Authorized March 20, 1969 Public Disclosure Authorized Education Projects Department C-TT1PPGURRENGY~~ 7\T(.JV E-QUIVALENT17'C'TTTV ATTP~MT'q US$1.00 = Kwacha 0. 714 Kwacha 1.00 = US$1. 40 Kwacha 1,000, 000 = JTS$1, 400, 000 TABLE OF CONTENTS Para. BAS:LC DATA SUMIARY (iY I INTRODUCTION 1.01 II THE EDUCATION SYSTEM Administration and Organization .................... 2.01 Primary Education ...... .*.*. .... .. ....... 2.05 Secondary Education ...... *,.......... *** .. *... 2.06 Teacher Training .*.*..........* ... *....**.. 2.12 Technical Education and Training ................. .... 2.19 Agricultural Education and Training .......,... 2.25 Higher Education ............. 0 .............**... 2.28 IiI COSTr AND FINANCING OF EDUCATION................. 3.01 IV EDUCATION ANfD TRAINING NEEDS Existing manpo-wer situation ........................ 4.01 Future dlevelooments ........ ................... 4.03 Educational development needs ................ of.... 4.o8 V THE PROJECT A. Technical features .. .. .. ... 5.01 B= Gflt of the Project±. =.= === =751 C. Execiution of the Project ..................... - 5.24 VI CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS *. ..... *....... 6.01 This report is based on the findings of a mission to Zambia inAr:-l4'I aX, I''8 colo-- -- -of Messrs. P. P.- T)-nD4k (eoois,n C.. A. C. Hammerschmidt (architect) of the Bank and Messrs. J. C. Jones tecUhnlcal ed-ULLcation)Iand O. ±1arkgLrL6Ien (gL,eneal UAUedUctVLJj, LJbUII JU LCL kl- ants to the Banlc. A N N E X E S Annex No. 1 Oroanizatirn of education administration, 1967 23'Af PrIiitutueo t-n+- Edu.cationa n)of amid,lo:x. A s C19671 A7 )G^roTwth of the Zam.bian educatic:n system , .................ioAn=1968 A~ 1147 -- -- --- - 1 nA7 5EnroLJ.JILlIre UCr.gLUet forLU[ ULi.ArUCL eLidUcion, L7IJ -9L7JV0 67 Enrolmn -aOt- -eo.a, -chos-196,-1980 o --- 7 Tea.chers in s ecoUnaIUCy sucioul - Uemandlu. aniu sUpJpJ±ly 8 Nortvher-n Technical College 9 Total National Expenditure on Education and. Traini±ng, 16UU 10 Recurrent expenditure,L96L/65 - i9c8 11 Recurrent expenditure by Ministry of Education 12 Projected recurrent expenditure,IvIinistry of Education,i900-1974 13 Capital expenditure,1964-1968 1i Educational attainment of Zambian labor force 15 Employment by industrial sectors,l954-1966 16 Proposed secondary schools - enrollments and class groups 17 Estimated, total cost of proposed. project 18 Average cost per square foot 19 Estimated Schedule of Construction and. Total Expenditures Map of the Republic of Zambia - Location of project schools ZAT3IA BASIC DA'TA - 19D8 Ceneral Size off rnIntrr 29gOOnn sqnu2re miles Total nponnpu.lion (est in ate) )flfCnooo Ainnual rate of population go+:3 ,f As,reradensit,y ofV population:i Lr ln s 1 Graross domestic4Cpronf' (n 9 $.?1,056 44.,.,+n GIM per iLLLhabitat UJ U(196): Go-vernmIJent, c-urren X re-reniue as percent,L of GDP: 0 Education Population aged 7-13 715,000 Enrollment, in primary schools: 84% of 7-13 age group Plopulation aged 14-18: 371,000 Enrollment in secondary schools: 10.5% of 14-18 age group Education expenditure financed by Government: as proportion of GDP: 6.2% as proportion of budget: recurrent 17.7co capital 9. 4% Total education expenditure (including non-government): as proportion of GDP: 7% per capita $21 APPRAISAL OF AN EDUCATION PROJECT IN ZAMBIA Summary i. The Government of Zambia has requested Bank assistance in financing an education project. The! proposed project, as modified during appraisal, would consist of: the construction, furnishing and equipping of: (a) nine new secondary schools;and the improvement, extension, furnishing and equipping of: (b) 56 existing secondary schools, (c) two primary teacher training colleges, (d) two higher teacher training colleges, and (e) a technical college. ii. The educational attainment of the Zambian labor force is very low; most middle and high level positions are held by foreign staff. Present output from secondary and post-secondary institutions is insuf- ficient to meet the manpower demand of a growing economy and to assure a gradual replacement of foreign staff. The proposed project is directed towards quantitative expansion and qualitative improvement of those parts of the education system where manpower shortages are severe. In accordance with government policy, the project provides also for a gradual upgrading of the rural labcr force. iii. In quantitative terms-the proposed Drolect would constitute the major part of a projected expansion of secondary school enrollments from 39.000 niioils in 1968 to ahont.;0-000 in 197h. which onuld raise the percentage of the age group l4-18 years enrolled in secondary schools irom 1n0 5 to 17%= The proposedproject would contribute to this exp2nsiunfl by providing 35,700 new places in secondary schools; 28,800 of these wtould derive frOm better 11tiJiJAtion of existing school faMilities with little acdditional investment. iv. The teaching of science would be strengthened by providing equ.iipmen+t for 8n0§ of- all Qarcrn8r1yir% onenrclrma.ezt; practircal couirses~woul.dr be introcluced for all students in the junior cycle and diversified cur- ricula in the senlor cycle , where lh3% of the students will be enrollecl in the general arts and science sections and 57% in the pre-vocational 4ynd-ti, .,+,44rr1io+; o' ~, fn-lp.ior; ril(-III +ltnl.commeti4-i,vOM - cJ --1ni and}r I-_mIn~-,t-.mo reonr-micsn,-nlriJr -~,- ogseto+._ .r)nQoe -_- qoon ary schools, therefore, would prepare rnot only for further education but al9 for A' rct,nan er.ploynt 4 V . -/ Jj.".JOO'-A £Ia i n v. Thb~Tie~ prose extension~IJSlJ of .t-;w,oWJ primav,rn teachnnerV~LU traU 4J.Ani g CnollenE1e1S .~I aJ would double the existing capacity from 400 to 800 places and permit the goverr.meritu~UV~fILIJL1U toU retrainL~L,id±J most,IIU~ I ofUj. thiAi jJJ.-11IICJ±1-'.iayschool iU ±_L VV0ecer 0;.C LJ%VWO 4-LLi sr-,,4Cp.OULVA -vi. TIhe proposed exvtensions of the higher teacher training colleges by 625 places wLould greatly increase the output of secondary school teachers and assist the government in meeting the total demaLod for secondary school teachers by Zambians in the later seventies. Until then secondary education will rely on foreign teachers, mainly from the U.K.; the government is taking st;eps to assure that an adequate member of such teachers will be available. vii. The proposed extension of thie technical college would provide training, in close cooperation with private industry, for about 210 engineering technicians a year at certificate and diploma level. viii. I'he annual recurrent budget of the Ministry of Education can be expected to increase from K 34.7 million in 1968 to K 71.5 million in 1974 of which K 7.6 million would result from the proposed project. It is not expected that the Government will encounter difficulties in meeting the capital cost not financecd by the Bank nor the recurrent costs of the project. ix. School dptsipn would be austere and consistent with functional needs. Estimated costs of construction, furniture and equipment are reasonnh1e Procume1nt.wunildl 'h bhy intenatrona]. competitive bidding in accordance with the Bank's "Guidelines Relating to Procurement", eXCC-!nt fOr Gonqt-iwetion ContrG be]hClOAnOnOn OW K wbhiCh wl,, d be awarded on the basis of domestic competitive bidding. x. I'he total cost of the project is estimated at $36.2 million, of *w.hich 1 is for site dev elopment, h)3% forf ost ritn(27% for acadermic buildings and 16% for dormitories and staff housing), 22% for furniture and equi-p-ent, 6forpofsioa feeg andA -I8% for" cnti+ngenciesQ and price increase allowances. The foreign exchange component is estimatec! a+~~~mmiTLo, -1. or4 of t+L C)I8 4h- AL. .The1 ViniLLLzj.iJ ofL £EOUducat.ion wouJLLd LIU theIeIV ULxL"cu agency for the project; a project unit with a full-time project director, project arciUte ctLjua UnJd.VrtLU.L sta ffL,.±L WUld Le estabLJ.is.LshediDL thIJe i-LLL.yV. The employment of private architects would also be required. xii. The project provides a suitable basis for a loan of $17.4 prUIiodof.LULJililO (t8Ud25 yeLar.to-L U iluhe est.L..eL a gaXoreg pro exhnec.,.oetof ten years. o period of 25 years including a grace period of ten years. A YT~TAT(~A? ^" A IT T' 'TTPi A Mr ^WV IT%n. TTrimM -rT T7 A W VT A Art IuLRAI UO EuCAT1JUUIONUiLJ r.UOAEA, INUJ L.RUYDIA I - Intruouction 1.01 A Unesco project identification mission visited Zambia in Feb:rua- ryblrarch 1966 and identified priority needs for education. In February/ March 1968 a Unesco project preparation mission assisted the Government to prepare an education project based on tnose needs. Tnis was appraised by iaBank mission, composed of Messrs. C. P. van Dijk (economist), C. A. C. Hammerschnidt (architect), 0. Markgren (education specialist, consultant) and J. C. Jones (technical education specialist, consultant) in April/May, 1968. 1.020 The project, as submitted to the Bank, comprised the construction of :20 new and the expansion of 56 existing secondary schools, the construc- tion of three new primary teacher training colleges and a new secondary technical school, the expansion of a technical -ollege and the higher teacher training college, and the expansion of the University of Zambia's School of Natural Sciences, School of Engineering, School of Education and student hostels.