DNP Application Note AN2018-001 Version 2018-08-22 DNP3 Profile for Communications with Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) 1 Introduction This document describes a standard data point configuration, set of protocol services and settings – also known as a profile – for communicating with Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) using DNP3. The IEEE Std. 2030-2011 defines a DER as a “source of electric power that is not directly connected to a bulk power transmission system. DERs include both generators and energy storage technologies.” The purpose of defining this profile is to make it easier to interconnect the DNP3 masters and outstations that are used to control such systems. The definition of DER used in this document is quite broad and may, for instance, include electric vehicles or microgrids. If the outstation is capable of implementing the functions and modes described here, it can likely be considered a DER. Please refer to section 2.1 of this document for more details on what is considered a DER for the purpose of this profile. This document is an application note, meaning it does not specify any changes to the DNP3 standard at all: it merely describes how to use DNP3 for a particular purpose. It is, however, intended to be an interoperability standard for those wishing to build and specify DER systems. 1.1 Sources and References Although this document describes a DNP3 profile, it is designed based on the structured data models of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850 protocol standards family. In particular, it is based on those data models that are specific to DERs. The intent is that a system implementing this DNP3 application note can be easily integrated with an IEC 61850 network by means of a gateway, while remaining conformant with DNP3 best practices. This application note supersedes application note AN2013-001 DNP3 Profile for Advanced Photovoltaic Generation and Storage which in turn superseded AN2011-001 DNP3 Profile for Basic Photovoltaic Generation and Storage. The point numbers, procedures and definitions specified in this application note are not backward-compatible with those earlier documents because the scope and flexibility of the profile have been significantly increased. NOTE: As an aid to those readers who may be familiar with the earlier versions of this application note, some section names have the designation NEW appended to them, representing functionality that was not provided in the earlier versions. With these goals in mind, the design of this profile is based on the following documents: • IEC 61850-7-420 Ed. 2.0 (in development) Communication networks and systems for power utility automation - Part 7-420: Basic communication structure - Distributed energy resources Page 1 2018-08-22 AN2018-001 DNP3 Profile for Communications with Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) logical nodes. This document is the IEC specification for standard data models to be used for DERs. The latest version of this standard incorporates models from the technical report IEC 61850-90-7 Ed. 1.0: IEC 61850 object models for inverters in distributed energy resources (DER) systems. The IEC process used by the IEC 61850 working group is to produce technical reports to introduce new concepts, have them in use for a period of time and then incorporate them into an official international standard once proven. • Common Functions for Smart Inverters Version 4 (EPRI reference 3002008217). This document was produced as a result of the work of the Photovoltaic Inverter Data Identification Focus Group (DIFG), organized by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). The members of this group include photovoltaic inverter and storage manufacturers, utilities, research institutions and integrators. The document specifies a common set of application functions required for communicating with a DER system controlled by a “smart” inverter. • IEEE Std. 1815.1-2015: Standard for exchanging information between networks implementing IEC 61850 and IEEE 1815 (DNP3). This is a specification for mapping data between IEC 61850 and DNP3 networks and for configuring a gateway between such networks. This standard was developed through the assistance of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) under the label Priority Action Plan Twelve (PAP12). • MESA-ESS Specification from the MESA Standards Alliance. This specification defines the communication requirements for utility-scale energy storage systems (ESS). It was developed in parallel with the development of this application note and describes the subset of the DNP3 profile that will be used by MESA members. To summarize, this document describes a DNP3 profile that implements the DER functions specified by the EPRI Common Functions for Smart Inverters document and that can be mapped to an IEC 61850-7- 420 and IEC 61850-90-7 object model according to the guidelines specified in IEEE Std. 1815.1. It was developed in parallel with the MESA-ESS Specification and describes a superset of the capabilities described in that document. Naturally, complying with specifications from multiple groups with differing mandates in this way requires compromises. Where such compromises are required, the design attempts to follow DNP3 principles of simplicity, reliability, and conciseness. 1.2 DNP3 Level of the Profile The outstation described in this profile shall be a DNP3 Level 2 (DNP3-L2) implementation or higher. Implementors are free to add additional features beyond DNP3-L2 by agreement between the providers of the master and outstation. Previous versions of this profile described a DNP3 Level 3 (DNP3-L3) device with additional data objects developed specifically for the use of this profile. However, feedback from industry stakeholders indicated that compatibility with DNP3-L2 masters is a requirement for this application. Therefore, only DNP3-L2 is required, and workarounds have been found for some of the other capabilities, such as starting schedules at a specific time. If an outstation supports features that are not available in DNP3-L2, it must be possible to disable them for compatibility with DNP3-L2 masters. Page 2 2018-08-22 AN2018-001 DNP3 Profile for Communications with Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) Contents 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Sources and References ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2 DNP3 Level of the Profile ................................................................................................... 2 2 Details ....................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Overview of the Profile ....................................................................................................... 9 2.1.1 Assumptions in this Profile ..................................................................................... 10 2.1.2 High-Level Data Model .......................................................................................... 13 2.2 Points List .......................................................................................................................... 17 2.2.1 Point Blocks ............................................................................................................ 17 2.2.2 Numbering Points ................................................................................................... 20 2.2.3 Event Classes .......................................................................................................... 22 2.2.4 IEC 61850 Mapping ................................................................................................ 22 2.2.5 Binary Inputs........................................................................................................... 23 2.2.6 Binary Outputs ........................................................................................................ 53 2.2.7 Counters .................................................................................................................. 62 2.2.8 Analog Inputs .......................................................................................................... 68 2.2.9 Analog Outputs ..................................................................................................... 129 2.2.10 Device Attribute Objects (optional) ...................................................................... 172 2.3 Overview of DER Modes and Functions ........................................................................ 178 2.3.1 Support for Modes and Functions – NEW ............................................................ 178 2.3.2 Mode Enabling Timing Parameters ...................................................................... 179 2.3.3 Multiplexed Generic Curves and Schedules ......................................................... 179 2.3.4 Limiting Response: Ramp Rates, Ramp Times and Time Constants - NEW ....... 181 2.3.5 Use of Broadcasting .............................................................................................. 184 2.4 Basic DER Functions ...................................................................................................... 185 2.4.1 Monitoring ...........................................................................................................