PAKISTAN’S VISION OF WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Presented By Minister for Water and Power At Pakistan Development Forum May 14, 2003 COUNTRY PROFILE • POPULATION: 141 MILLION • GEOGRAPHICAL AREA: 796,100 KM2 • IRRIGATED AREA: 36 MILLION ACRES (14.5 MHa) • ANNUAL WATER AVAILABILITY (AT RIM STATIONS; POST TARBELA): 143 MAF (175 BCM) • ANNUAL CANAL WITHDRAWALS: 104 MAF (128 BCM) • GROUND WATER PUMPAGE: 42 MAF (50 BCM) • PER CAPITA WATER AVAILABLE (2003): 1200 CUBIC METRE • AGRICULTURE PRODUCT: 25 % OF GDP • TOTAL POWER GENERATION (INSTALLED CAPACITY): 17,942 MW • HYDROPOWER GENERATION (INSTALLED CAPACITY) : 5,039 MW 1 RIVERS OF PAKISTAN INDUS JHELUM CHENAB AN WESTERN IST AN RIVERS GH AF RAVI SUTLAJ BIAS IA IND IRAN EASTERN RIVERS 2 Indus Basin Irrigation System Barrages 19 Main Canal Commands 45 AN ST NI Link Canals 12 HA G AF INDIA IRAN 3 IRRIGATION NETWORK OF PAKISTAN THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM OF PAKISTAN IS THE LARGEST INTEGRATED IRRIGATION NETWORK IN THE WORLD, SERVING 36 MILLION ACRES OF CONTIGUOUS CULTIVATED LAND. THE SYSTEM IS FED BY THE WATERS OF THE INDUS RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES. SALIENT FEATURES OF IRRIGATION NETWORK STRUCTURES NO. MAJOR STORAGE RESERVOIRS 3 (EXISTING LIVE STORAGE 12.7 MAF) SMALL DAMS 80 BARRAGES 19 INTER-RIVER LINK CANALS 12 INDEPENDENT IRRIGATION CANAL COMMANDS 45 4 WATER REQUIREMENT AND AVAILABILITY Requirement / Availability Year 2000 2025 (MAF) (MAF) Surface Water Requirements 116.42 134.07 Average Surface Water Availability 103.81 103.81 Without Additional Storages Shortfall 12.61 30.26 % Age 10.83 % 22.56 % Average Surface Water Availability 103.81 121.81 With Additional Storages Shortfall Not 12.26 % Age Applicable 9.14 % - 5 ISSUES IN THE WATER SECTOR • INSTITUTIONAL AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES • TECHNICAL ISSUES 6 INSTITUTIONAL AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES • NEED FOR NATIONAL WATER COUNCIL TO OVERSEE INTEGRATED WATER SECTOR PLANNING, DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT • INADEQUATE STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION • LACK OF PUBLIC AWARENESS & DEFICIENT WATER INFORMATION • LACK OF FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY IN WATER SECTOR SERVICES • LOW PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT OR PARTICIPATION 7 TECHNICAL ISSUES • INCREASING DEMAND OF WATER FOR FOOD, FIBRE AND POWER • COMBINED USE OF SURFACE AND GROUND WATER • INEFFICIENT USE AND INEQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF WATER, ESPECIALLY IN IRRIGATION • DETERIORATING WATER QUALITY • INADEQUATE DRINKING WATER SUPPLY AND POOR QUALITY OF SERVICE • DETERIORATING INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE SUB-SECTORS • ENVIROMENTAL DEGRADATION OF IRRIGATED LANDS • SAFE DISPOSAL OF SALINE DRAINAGE EFFLUENT TO THE SEA 8 NATIONAL WATER VISION BY 2025, PAKISTAN SHOULD HAVE ADEQUATE WATER AVAILABLE THROUGH CONSERVATION, DEVELOPMENT AND GOOD GOVERNANCE. WATER SUPPLIES SHOULD BE OF GOOD QUALITY, EQUITABLY DISTRIBUTED AND MEET THE NEEDS OF ALL USERS THROUGH AN EFFICIENT AND INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT, INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL SYSTEM THAT WOULD ENSURE SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF THE WATER RESOURCES AND SUPPORT ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT WITH DUE CONSIDERATION TO THE ENVIRONMENT, QUALITY OF LIFE, ECONOMIC VALUE OF RESOURCES, ABILITY TO PAY AND PARTICIPATION OF ALL STAKEHOLDERS. 9 POLICY PLANNING FOR THE NATIONAL WATER VISION • WAPDA VISION 2025 • NATIONAL WATER POLICY • NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES STRATEGY 10 OBJECTIVES OF VISION 2025 • TO PREVENT THE WATER SHORTAGES IN THE FUTURE • TO COMPENSATE/ADJUST FOR THE PREDICTED CLIMATIC CHANGES • TO PROTECT THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR FROM DROUGHTS • TO INCREASE RESERVOIR CAPACITIES LOST DUE TO SILTATION AND DEVELOP NEW STORAGES TO CATER FOR FUTURE NEEDS • TO DEVELOP 16,000 MW OF HYDROPOWER FOR PROVIDING CHEAP ELECTRICITY TO CONSUMERS • TO INVEST US $ 33 BILLION IN NEXT 22 YEARS TO ACHIEVE THE ABOVE VISION 11 ON GOING WATER SECTOR PROJECTS Name of Project Storage Irrigable Installed Cost Completion (MAF) Area Capacity (Rs Date (Acres) (MW) Million) Mangla Dam Raising 2.90 - 180 62,553 June 2007 Project Gomal Zam Dam 1.14 163,086 17.4 12,823 Sept 2006 Mirani Dam 0.30 33,200 - 5,860 June 2006 Kurram Tangi Dam 1.20 362,500 58 9,300 June 2009 Sabakzai Dam 0.02 25,000 - 1,000 June 2005 Satpara Dam 0.08 19,920 13 2,092 March 2006 Greater Thal Canal - 1,530,000 - 30,467 June 2007 Kachhi Canal - 713,000 - 32,450 June 2007 Rainee Canal - 412,400 - 17,947 Dec. 2007 Total: 5.64 3,259,106 268.4 174,492 12 ON GOING HYDRO POWER PROJECTS Name of Project Installed Cost Completion Capacity (Rs Million) Date (MW) Ghazi Barotha 1,450 8,840 June 2004 Hydropower Project Khan Khawar Hydro 72 5,363 June 2006 Power Project Allai Khawar Hydro 121 8,578 June 2006 Power Project Duber Khawar Hydro 130 9,754 June 2007 Power Project Golen Gol Hydro Power 106 7,035 June 2006 Project Jinnah Barrage Hydro 96 13,547 June 2006 Project Total: 1,975 53,117 13 IMPACT OF ONGOING PROJECTS THE ONGOING WATER AND POWER SECTOR PROJECTS WILL PROVIDE 1) ADDITIONAL STORAGES OF 5.64 MAF, AND 2) IRRIGATE ADDITIONAL 3.26 MILLION ACRES OF LAND AND PROVIDE EXTRA 2,443 MW OF HYDROPOWER 14 PROSPECTIVE IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS Name of Project Area to be Cost Tentative Irrigated (Acres) (Rs Million) Start Date Jalalpur Canal Project 160,000 2,150 Beyond 2005 Dajal Canal Extension Project 340,000 9,019 -do- Cholistan Project – 1 482,000 3,618 -do- Shakargarh Canal Irrigation 175,000 7,003 -do- System Sehwan Barrage Complex 2,430,000 37,701 -do- North West Canal Remodelling 956,936 6,208 -do- Project Chashma Right Bank Canal 1st 285,652 19,200 -do- Lift Patfeeder Canal Extension 159,073 2,332 -do- Balochistan Small Irrigation - 1,000 -do- Schemes Total: 4,988,661 88,231 15 PROSPECTIVE STORAGE PROJECTS Name of Project Storage Installed Status (MAF) Capacity (MW) Basha Dam 5.70 3,360 Feasibility Study Kalabagh Dam 6.10 3,600 Ready for Construction Skardu Dam 15.52 4,000 Feasibility Study Akhori Dam 3.60 - -do- Munda Dam 0.67 740 -do- Total: 31.59 11,700 16 PROSPECTIVE HYDROPOWER PROJECTS Name of Project Installed Cost Status Capacity (Rs Million) (MW) Neelum Jhelum Hydropower 963 84,502 PC-I Approved Kohala Hydropower (AJK) 740 82,860 F.S. Completed Dasu Hydropower (N.A) 2712 186,420 F.S. in Hand Pattan Hydropower (N.A) 1172 178,080 -do- Thakot Hydropower (NA) 1043 153,960 -do- Bunji Hydropower (NA) 1500 161,340 -do- Chokothi (Jhelum River) 139 10,020 -do- Naran (NWFP) 219 15,720 -do- Azad Pattan (Jhelum River) 222 15,960 -do- Matiltan (NWFP) 84 6,600 -do- Taunsa Hydropower 120 10,556 -do- Total 8,914 906,018 17 NATIONAL WATER POLICY A NATIONAL WATER POLICY HAS RECENTLY BEEN PREPARED AND IS BEING PROCESSED FOR APPROVAL OF THE GOVERNMENT. OBJECTIVES OF THE POLICY ARE: • ACCESS TO POTABLE WATER SUPPLY FOR ALL • ADEQUATE QUANTITY OF WATER FOR FINANCIALLY SUSTAINABLE IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE TO MEET FOOD AND FIBRE REQUIREMENTS • WATER FOR INDUSTRY TO SUPPORT HIGH ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT • BALANCED AND EQUITABLE USE OF WATER TO MEET THE NEEDS OF ALL USERS • IMPROVED ENVIRONMENT THROUGH BETTER WATER QUALITY • REDUCTION IN DRAINAGE EFFLUENT AS FAR AS POSSIBLE AND ITS SAFE DISPOSAL TO SEA 18 WATER RESOURCES STRATEGY A NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES STRATEGY HAS BEEN PREPARED WHICH IS CURRENTLY UNDER APPROVAL OF THE GOVERNMENT. ELEMENTS OF STRATEGY ARE: • TO PROVIDE UPDATED COMPREHENSIVE WATER SECTOR STRATEGY UPTO YEAR 2025 FOR GUIDANCE ON INVESTMENT PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER SECTOR. ALSO EVOLVE MEDIUM TERM INVESTMENT PLAN UPTO YEAR 2011 • TO DEVELOP SPECIFIC INVESTMENT PROPOSALS RESPONSIVE TO THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME 19 WATER RESOURCES SECTOR STRATEGY - COST SUB-SECTOR COST ($ US MILLION) WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT 10,000 URBAN WATER SUPPLY AND 5,066 SANITATION RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND 2,173 SANITATION INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY AND 253 POLLUTION CONTROL IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE 11,099 HYDROPOWER 4,500 ENVIRONMENT 113 FLOOD PROTECTION 418 TOTAL 33,622 20 Thank You INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS MASSIVE INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS IN THE WATER SECTOR ARE BEING UNDERTAKEN TO ENSURE GOOD GOVERNANCE, EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY OF THE EXISTING IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE INFRASTRUCTURE. TO MEET THIS OBJECTIVE, FOLLOWING MEGA PROJECTS ARE UNDER EXECUTION. • NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME • RIGHT BANK OUTFALL DRAIN • IRRIGATION SYSTEMS REHABLITATION AND LINING OF IRRIGATION CHANNELS IN PROVINCES • MODERNIZATION OF BARRAGES INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS UNDER NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES: (1) GOOD GOVERNANCE (2) DEVOLUTION OF POWERS TO GROSS ROOT LEVEL (3) INCREASE OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF PROVINCIAL IRRIGATION DEPARTMENTS (4) ENSURE FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY REFORMS: (1) TRANSFORMATION OF PIDs INTO AUTONOMOUS PIDAs (2) FORMATION OF FINANCIALLY SELF- ACCOUNTING AREA WATER BOARDS (AWBS) (3) ESTABILISHMENT OF SELF-SUSTAINING FARMERS ORGANIZATION (FOS) FOR OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM BENEFITS: PIDAS SHALL BECOME SELF-FINANCING WITHIN A PERIOD OF 7-10 YEARS AND SHALL NOT REQUIRE GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES TO FINANCE THEIR O&M IN FUTURE.