614,615&616 Chrysophyllum Flora Neotropica 39. Chrysophyllum imperiale (Linden ex Koch) Distribution. Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro, Bentham & Hooker, Gen. pl. 2: 653. 1876; J. Brazil, in lowland forest. D. Hooker, Bot. Mag. 41: tab. 6823. 1885. Figs. 143, 144a. Collections examined. BRAZIL. M~NAS GERAIS: Juiz de Fora (SW2143) Brade 14120 (MC); Mantena Theophrasta imperialrs Linden ex Koch & Fintelmann, (SW1840), Emygdio et al. 2521 (R). RIO DE JANEIRO: Wochenschr. Gartnerei Pflanzenk. 2: 9 1. 1859; Regel Estrella (SW2243), Glaziou6633 (K); S&o ChristorZo, Gartenfl. 13: 323; t. 453. 1864; Andre, L’IIlustratlon Glaziou8230 (F, K, NY); without precise locality, Gla- Horticole 21: 77, 152, pl. 184. 1874. Type. Brazil. ziou 9745 (K, R), I1163 (K); Mage, Paraiso (SW2242), RIO de Janeiro:Serra da Estrella,Glaz~u 20402 Martinelli et al. 1974(RB). SAo Paurn: Horto Flo- (neotype, K chosen here; isoneotype, M, P). restal (cult), Cunha4 (NY). Martiusellaimperialis (Linden) Pierre, Not. bot. 66. 1891. Field characters. A large tree, flowering Nov, Chlorolumaimperialis (Linden) AubrCville, Adanson- fruit Jun. ia n.s. 1: 33. 1961. Local name. Guapeba, marmelleiro do matto. Planchonellalmpenalis (Linden) Baehm, Bolssiera 11: 67. 1965. Relationships. Chrysophyllum imperiale is a most distinctive specieson account of its spi- Tree; young shootsdensely appressedbrown- nulose-serrate leaves. Its floral and seed structure pubescentat first, soonglabrous, greyish-brown, indicate its close relationship with C. gonocar- lenticellate, cracked and fissured. Leavesloosely pun1 and C. viride from the samegeographical area. In addition to its spinulose-serrateleaves, clustered at the shoot apex, spirally arranged, 9- it differs from both these species by the shape of 40 x 3.3-12.5 cm, oblanceolateto narrowly cu- its leaf base,the slightly larger flowers with sta- neiform, apex obtuse, rounded or truncate, base mensfixed at or near the baseof the corolla tube, long tapering, finally obtuse, rounded or trun- and its generally larger fruit. cate, margin shallowly spinulose-serrate,thinly The relationships of C. imperiale and C. sub- coriaceous,glabrous above, some residual mat- spinosumare discussedunder the latter. ted indumentum below or glabrous;venation eu- camptodromous, with a marginal vein, midrib slightly raised on upper surface, secondaryveins II-3 1 pairs, usually slightly convergent, arcuate, slightly raisedon the upper surface,strongly raised below; intersecondariesshort or absent;tertiaries mostly oblique to horizontal. Petiole 1.4-2.5 cm long, shortly pubescentor glabrous.Fascicles ax- illary or in the axils of fallen leaves, five-many- flowered. Pedicel5-9 mm long, appressedpuber- ulous. Flowersbisexual. Sepals five, 3-4 mm long, broadly ovate to suborbicular, apex rounded, ap- pressedpuberulous outside, glabrousor scattered appressedpuberulous inside. Corolla 4-5 mm long, tubeequallingor slightly exceedingthe lobes; lobes 5-6, ovate, obtuse, glabrous. Stamens 5- 6, fixed at or near the base of the corolla tube; filaments 2.5-3 mm long, geniculate, glabrous; anthers ca. 1 mm long, lanceolate-sagittate,gla- brous. Staminodesabsent. Ovary broadly ovoid, five-locular, densely strigose;style ca. 2 mm long after anthesis, strigose;style-head simple. Fruit ca. 3 cm long, subglobose,apex obtuse to acute, FIG. 144a. 0 Chrysophyllumviride; A C. imperiale;0 C. subspinosum; base truncate or depressed,smooth, glabrous. b C. lanaturn;k C. eximium;v C. superbum. Seedsseveral, ca. 2.2 cm long, laterally com- pressed,testa smooth, shining, 0.5-l mm thick; scar adaxial, extending for most of the length of the seed, ca. 2 mm wide; embryo with thin fo- liaceous cotyledons and long exserted radicle, surrounded by copious endosperm. .