GLOBAL STANDARDS ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE A report on global legislation & policy positions governing AI technology December 2020 Rahul Rai & Shruti Aji Murali The authors are practicing advocates with a special focus on technology and antitrust/competition law, and may be reached at [email protected] & [email protected] GLOBAL STANDARDS ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS .......................................10 INTRODUCTION .........................................................14 Methodology ...........................................................................................15 DEFINITION OF AI ......................................................16 INDIA ...........................................................................................................................................18 USA ..............................................................................................................................................18 CHINA ..........................................................................................................................................19 CANADA ......................................................................................................................................21 UK ................................................................................................................................................21 FRANCE .......................................................................................................................................23 GERMANY ....................................................................................................................................23 RUSSIA ........................................................................................................................................24 ISRAEL .........................................................................................................................................24 DENMARK ....................................................................................................................................25 EU ................................................................................................................................................25 AUSTRALIA ..................................................................................................................................26 JAPAN .........................................................................................................................................26 SINGAPORE .................................................................................................................................27 SOUTH KOREA .............................................................................................................................28 SWEDEN ......................................................................................................................................29 FINLAND ......................................................................................................................................29 SPAIN ..........................................................................................................................................29 NORWAY ......................................................................................................................................30 ESTONIA ......................................................................................................................................30 THE NETHERLANDS ....................................................................................................................31 UAE ..............................................................................................................................................31 HONG KONG ................................................................................................................................32 TRANSPARENCY .........................................................33 MATURITY INDEX ....................................................................................36 GLOBAL STANDARDS ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INDIA ...........................................................................................................................................37 USA ..............................................................................................................................................37 CHINA ..........................................................................................................................................38 CANADA ......................................................................................................................................38 UK ................................................................................................................................................39 FRANCE .......................................................................................................................................40 GERMANY ....................................................................................................................................40 RUSSIA ........................................................................................................................................40 DENMARK ....................................................................................................................................41 EU ................................................................................................................................................41 AUSTRALIA ..................................................................................................................................42 JAPAN .........................................................................................................................................43 SINGAPORE .................................................................................................................................43 SOUTH KOREA .............................................................................................................................44 SWEDEN ......................................................................................................................................44 FINLAND ......................................................................................................................................44 SPAIN ..........................................................................................................................................45 NORWAY ......................................................................................................................................45 ESTONIA ......................................................................................................................................46 THE NETHERLANDS ....................................................................................................................46 UAE ..............................................................................................................................................47 HONG KONG ................................................................................................................................47 INTEROPERABILITY ..................................................49 MATURITY INDEX ....................................................................................52 INDIA ...........................................................................................................................................53 USA ..............................................................................................................................................54 CHINA ..........................................................................................................................................54 CANADA ......................................................................................................................................55 UK ................................................................................................................................................55 FRANCE .......................................................................................................................................56 GERMANY ....................................................................................................................................56 ISRAEL .........................................................................................................................................57 GLOBAL STANDARDS ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DENMARK ....................................................................................................................................57 EU ................................................................................................................................................57 AUSTRALIA ..................................................................................................................................58 SINGAPORE .................................................................................................................................59 SOUTH KOREA .............................................................................................................................59 SWEDEN ......................................................................................................................................59