U!A DMSION OF AGRICULTURE RESEARCH &: EXTENSION University of Arkansas System PRODUCTION MP192 Authors Produced and published by the Dr. Karen Moldenhauer, Professor and Rice Breeder, Rice University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture Research and Extension Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Cooperative Extension Service Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). 2301 S. University Dr. Richard J. Norman, Professor - Soil Fertility, 115 Plant Little Rock, Arkansas 72204 Science, Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental EDITOR Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR Dr. Jarrod T. Hardke, Rice Extension Agronomist 72701 (e-mail: [email protected]). EDITING AND LAYOUT Dr. Jason Norsworthy, Professor and Weed Scientist, Laura Goforth, Communications 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Department of Crop, Soil CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS AND RICE and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, PRODUCTION HANDBOOK COMMITTEE Fayetteville, AR 72704 (e-mail: [email protected]). Mr. Ron Baker, RRVP Coordinator - North Arkansas, Dr. Trent Roberts, Associate Professor - Soil Fertility/Soil 148 E. Main Street, Clay County Extension Office, Testing, 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Department of Piggott, AR 72454 (e-mail: [email protected]). Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704 (e-mail: Dr. Tom Barber, Professor and Extension Weed Scientist, [email protected]). Lonoke, AR 72086 (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Sammy Sadaka, Assistant Professor and Extension Dr. Nick Bateman, Assistant Professor and Extension Engineer - Biosystems, Rice Research and Extension Entomologist, Rice Research and Extension Center, Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). (e-mail: [email protected]). Mr. Aaron Cato, Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR Dr. Bob Scott, Professor, Rice Research and Extension 72704 (e-mail: [email protected]). Center, 2900 Highway 130 East, Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Paul Counce, Professor and Rice Physiologist, Rice Research and Extension Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Dr. Xueyan Sha, Associate Professor and Rice Breeder, Rice Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). Research and Extension Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Mike Daniels, Professor and Extension Water Quality Specialist, State Extension Office, 2301 S. University, Dr. Terry Siebenmorgen, Distinguished Professor and Little Rock, AR 72204 (e-mail: [email protected]). Director - University of Arkansas Rice Processing Program, Department of Food Science, 2650 N. Young Mr. Mike Hamilton, Instructor - Irrigation Education, Avenue, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704 Judd Hill Research Station, 29020 Highway 214 E., (e-mail: [email protected]). Trumann, AR 72472 (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Nathan Slaton, Professor and Director - Soil Testing, Dr. Jarrod T. Hardke, Associate Professor and Rice 1366 W. Altheimer Drive, Department of Crop, Soil Extension Agronomist, Rice Research and Extension and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 Fayetteville, AR 72704 (e-mail: [email protected]). (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Yeshi Wamishe, Assistant Professor and Rice Extension Dr. Chris Henry, Associate Professor and Water Pathologist, Rice Research and Extension Center, Management Engineer, Rice Research and Extension 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 [email protected]). (e-mail: [email protected]). Dr. Brad Watkins, Associate Professor - Agricultural Dr. Gus Lorenz, Distinguished Professor and Extension Economics, Rice Research and Extension Center, Entomologist, Lonoke Extension and Research Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: P.O. Box 357, Lonoke, AR 72086 (e-mail: [email protected]). [email protected]). Dr. Charles E. Wilson, Jr., Director – Northeast Research Mr. Ralph Mazzanti, Area Extension Rice Specialist - and Extension Center, 2900 Highway 130 E., South Arkansas, Rice Research and Extension Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). 2900 Highway 130 E., Stuttgart, AR 72160 (e-mail: [email protected]). Table of Contents 1 – Introduction...........................................................1 Broadleaf and Aquatic Weed Control ......................................57 Aim..................................................................................58 2 – Rice Growth and Development ..............................9 Basagran, Ultra Blazer and Storm .....................................58 Vegetative Phase ......................................................................11 Grandstand-R 3SL ...........................................................58 Reproductive Phase .................................................................14 Londax 60DF...................................................................59 Ripening Phase........................................................................19 Loyant..............................................................................59 Effect of Temperature on Growth and Permit or Permit Plus .......................................................59 Development of Rice.........................................................20 Sharpen............................................................................59 Strada...............................................................................60 3 – Rice Cultivars and Seed Production .....................21 Regiment..........................................................................60 Rice Seed Production...............................................................22 Grasp ...............................................................................60 Genetically Modified Rice .......................................................23 2,4-D ...............................................................................60 Rice Cultivar Performance and Agronomic Characteristics ......23 Aquatic Weed Control......................................................60 Other Cultivars .......................................................................28 Harvest Aids – Sodium Chlorate .............................................61 Kernel Classification and Cooking Qualities............................28 8 – Chemical Applications .........................................63 4 – Rice Stand Establishment .....................................29 Soil Applications of Pesticides..................................................63 Seeding Rate............................................................................29 Ground-Based Applications..............................................63 Seed Treatments.......................................................................31 Aerial Applications ...........................................................64 Seeding Date and Soil Temperatures........................................33 Postemergence Applications of Pesticides.................................65 Tillage and Post-Seeding Management ....................................36 Ground-Based Applications..............................................65 References ...............................................................................38 Aerial Applications ...........................................................65 Pesticide Drift..........................................................................65 5 – Water-Seeded Rice ................................................39 Flag the Technology .........................................................66 Conventional Water-Seeding ...................................................39 Fertilizers.................................................................................67 Field Preparation ..............................................................39 Ground Applied ...............................................................67 Methods of Presoaking .....................................................40 Aerially Applied................................................................67 Water Management..........................................................40 Material Property Effects..................................................68 Nutrient Management......................................................40 General Recommendations......................................................68 Weed Control...................................................................41 9 – Soil Fertility..........................................................69 Insect Control ..................................................................42 Nitrogen..................................................................................69 No-Till Water-Seeded Rice ......................................................42 Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates...................................................69 Rice Stubble Management................................................42 Standard Method .............................................................69 Nitrogen Management .....................................................42 Nitrogen-Soil Test for Rice (N-STaR)...............................70 Dry Seeding .....................................................................73 6 – DD50 Computerized Rice Early N Application and Management .............................74 Management Program ..........................................43