Federated States of Micronesia Department of Resources and Development 1 PUBLICATION DATA Federated States of Micronesia National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan compiled by James Stanford - Apia, Samoa Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environmental Programme (SPREP) 2015- for the Federated States of Micronesia Department of Resources and Development. This document is a product of the GEF-PAS regional invasive species project ‘Prevention, control and management of invasive alien species in the Pacific Islands’ implemented by United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) and executed by SPREP. Cover photo: Kosrae Sunrise by J Stanford Federated States of Micronesia – National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan 2016-2021 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENT ……………………………………………………………………………..………………….……………….3 FIGURES AND TABLES ………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………..7 KEY CONCEPTS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………..8 ACRONYMS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…10 1.0 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….13 1.1 Introduction to the Federated States of Micronesia ………………………………………………13 1.2 The Significant Threat of Invasive Species for the Federated States of Micronesia …15 1.3 Invasive Alien Species- Everyone’s Responsibility …………………………………………………..17 1.4 The Federated States of Micronesia’s Biodiversity at Risk ……………………………………..18 1.5 Why is a National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan Needed? …………..………23 1.6 Process of National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan Development ………..23 1.7 Linkages of the National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan to Other Strategies, Plans, Frameworks and Guidelines ……………….………………………………………24 1.7.1 National Strategies, Policies and Plans ….…..………………………………………………….24 1.7.2 Chuuk State Strategies and Plans ……………………………………..…………………………..25 1.7.3 Kosrae State Strategies and Plans ..………………………………………………..……………..25 1.7.4 Pohnpei State Strategies and Plans ….……………………………………………………………25 1.7.5 Yap State Strategies and Plans ………………………………………………………………………26 1.7.6 Regional/sub-regional Plans, Frameworks and Guidelines …………………………….26 2.0 GUIDING PRINCIPLES ……………………………………………………………………………………….………………..28 3.0 GOALS, THEMES and OUTCOMES ……………………………………………………………………..……………….29 3.1 Goals …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…29 3.1.1 National Goal Statement …………………………………………………………….…………………29 3.1.2 Chuuk State Goal Statement …………………………………………………………………………29 3.1.3 Kosrae State Goal Statement ………………………………………………………………………..29 3.1.4 Pohnpei State Goal Statement …………………………………………………………..………….29 3.1.5 Yap State Goal Statement ……………………………………………………………..………………29 3.2 Themes ………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………..30 3.3 Outcomes ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...30 4.0 PATHWAY IDENTIFICATION ……………………………………………………………………………………………….32 4.1 International …………………………………………………………………………………………………….……32 4.1.1 By Air…….……………………………………………………………………………………………………32 4.1.2 By Sea ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…33 4.1.3 Other External Pathways ………………………………………………………………………..….34 Federated States of Micronesia – National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan 2016-2021 3 4.2 Internal …………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………..34 4.2.1 By Air ………………………………………………………………………………………………………...34 4.2.2 By Sea ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..35 4.2.3 “Natural” Pathways ……………………………………………………………………………………35 4.3 Detecting and Reporting New Species ……………………………………..…………………………….35 5.0 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF STAKEHOLDERS IN INVASIVE SPECIES MANAGEMENT …..37 5.1 National Roles and Responsibilities ...............…………………………………………………………37 5.2 Chuuk State Roles and Responsibilities .…………………………………………………………………38 5.3 Kosrae State Roles and Responsibilities .……………………………………………………….……….38 5.4 Pohnpei State Roles and Responsibilities .………………………………………………….………….39 5.5 Yap State Roles and Responsibilities .…………………………………………………….……………….40 5.6 Regional/Sub-regional Roles and Responsibilities ......…………..……………………..…….….41 6.0 PAST AND CURRENT PROGRAMS WITH BIOSECURITY AND/OR INVASIVE SPECIES COMPONENTS …………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………42 6.1 National Programs …………………………………………………………………………………………………42 6.2 Chuuk State Programs ……………………………………………………………………………………………43 6.3 Kosrae State Programs …………………………………………………………………………………………..43 6.4 Pohnpei State Programs ……………………………………………………………………………..…………44 6.5 Yap State Programs ………………………………………………………………………………….……………46 7.0 LEGISLATION, CONVENTIONS AND AGREEMENTS ……………………………………………..………………48 7.1 National Legislation, Regulations and Acts ……………………………………..……………………..48 7.2 Chuuk State Laws and Regulations ………………………………………………………………………..48 7.3 Kosrae State Laws and Regulations ………………………………………………………………………..48 7.4 Pohnpei State Laws and Regulations …………………………………………………………..…………49 7.5 Yap State Laws and Regulations ……………………………………………………………….……………49 7.6 International Conventions and Agreements ……………………………………………….………….49 8.0 NATIONAL ACTION PLAN …………………………………………………………………………………………………..52 A1. Generating Support ……………………………………………………………………………………………….52 A2. Building Capacity …………………………………………………………………………………………………..54 A3. Legislation, Policy and Protocols …………………………………………………………………………...57 B1. Baseline and Monitoring …………………………………………………………………………………….…59 B2. Prioritization ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….…60 B3. Research on Priorities …………………………………………………………………………………………...61 C1. Biosecurity ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…61 C2. Management of Established Invasive Species …………………………………………………..……64 C3. Restoration ……………………………………………………..………………………………………………….…64 9.0 CHUUK STATE ACTION PLAN ………………………………………………………………………………………….….65 A1. Generating Support …………………………………………………………………………………………………….65 Federated States of Micronesia – National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan 2016-2021 4 A2. Building Capacity ………………………………………………………………………………………………………...69 A3. Legislation, Policy and Protocols ………………………………………………………………………………...73 B1. Baseline and Monitoring …………………………………………………………………………………………..…76 B2. Prioritization ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….76 B3. Research on Priorities ………………………………………………………………………………………………....77 C1. Biosecurity ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…79 C2. Management of Established Invasive Species ………………………………………………………..……83 C3. Restoration ……………………………………………………..……………………………………………………….…84 10.0 KOSRAE STATE ACTION PLAN …………………………………………………………………………………..….85 A1. Generating Support …………………………………………………………………………………………………….85 A2. Building Capacity …………………………………………………………………………………………………….…..89 A3. Legislation, Policy and Protocols ………………………………………………………………………………...93 B1. Baseline and Monitoring ……………………………………………………………………………………….….…94 B2. Prioritization …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…95 B3. Research on Priorities ………………………………………………………………………………………………...96 C1. Biosecurity ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….97 C2. Management of Established Invasive Species ……………………………………………………………100 C3. Restoration ……………………………………………………..……………………………………………………..…102 11.0 POHNPEI ACTION PLAN ……………………………………………………………………………………………..103 A1. Generating Support ……………………………………………………………………………………………….….103 A2. Building Capacity ……………………………………………………………………………………………………...107 A3. Legislation, Policy and Protocols ……………………………………………………………………………....111 B1. Baseline and Monitoring ………………………………………………………………………………………...…116 B2. Prioritization ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….….…116 B3. Research on Priorities ……………………………………………………………………………………………....117 C1. Biosecurity ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…119 C2. Management of Established Invasive Species ……………………………………………………………123 C3. Restoration ……………………………………………………..……………………………………………………..…125 12.0 YAP ACTION PLAN ……………………………………………………………………………………………..………126 A1. Generating Support ……………………………………………………………………………………….………….127 A2. Building Capacity ……………………………………………………………………………………………….……..130 A3. Legislation, Policy and Protocols ……………………………………………………………………………....135 B1. Baseline and Monitoring ………………………………………………………………………………………...…136 B2. Prioritization …………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….…137 B3. Research on Priorities ………………………………………………………………………………………….…...138 C1. Biosecurity ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….…140 C2. Management of Established Invasive Species ……………………………………………………………143 C3. Restoration ……………………………………………………..……………………………………………………..…144 Federated States of Micronesia – National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan 2016-2021 5 13.0 Monitoring and Evaluation …………………………………………………………………………………………….145 Appendices …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...160 Appendix 1: Attendees at National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan Development Workshops ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………160 Appendix 2: Established Priority Invasive Species in the Federated States of Micronesia ………164 Appendix 3: Priority Non-Established Invasive Alien Species that Threaten the Federated States of Micronesia ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…194 Appendix 4: Regional and International Organizations and Databases Related to Invasive Species Management …………………………………………………………………………………………………………...206 REFERENCES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………..209 Federated States of Micronesia – National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan 2016-2021 6 FIGURES AND TABLES Figure 1: Map of the Federated States of Micronesia …………….………………………………………….……13 Figure 2: Pohnpei international airport and main sea port ………………………………………………………15