AMERICA 3.0 THE RESILIENT SOCIETY A SMART THIRD INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE RECOVERY OF THE AMERICAN ECONOMY A Report Prepared for Senator Charles Schumer, U.S. Senate By TIR Consulting Group, LLC Jeremy Rifkin, President Partners: Black & Veatch Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture The Hydrogen Council Economic and Human Dimensions Research Associates World Resources Institute July 2021 AMERICA 3.0 THE RESILIENT SOCIETY TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1: THE VISION ......................................................................................................................... 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................... 6 HIGHLIGHTS ................................................................................................................................... 7 1 AMERICA 3.0 ............................................................................................................................... 8 2 THE CONTINENTAL ELECTRICITY INTERNET ............................................................................. 11 3 THE BIRTH OF A NEW ECONOMIC SYSTEM .............................................................................. 12 4 THE RISE OF THE SHARING ECONOMY ..................................................................................... 14 5 GLOCALIZATION AND THE PIVOT FROM GEOPOLITICS TO BIOSPHERE POLITICS ................... 15 6 A GIANT LEAP IN AGGREGATE EFFICIENCY .............................................................................. 16 7 EXPONENTIAL CURVES AND AN ACCELERATED TRANSITION .................................................. 17 8 THOUSANDS OF NEW BUSINESSES AND MILLIONS OF GREEN JOBS ....................................... 20 9 THE RESILIENT SOCIETY: A NEW SOCIAL CONTRACT ............................................................... 23 10 AN INCLUSIVE TRANSITION .................................................................................................... 27 11 FINANCING AMERICA 3.0 ....................................................................................................... 30 12 ENERGY SERVICE COMPANIES: A NEW PUBLIC-PRIVATE BUSINESS MODEL ......................... 33 13 THE FEDERALIZATION PRINCIPLE AND PEER ASSEMBLY GOVERNANCE................................ 34 PART 2: THE PLAN ......................................................................................................................... 39 INTERCONNECTED INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................................... 40 TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................... 41 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................. 42 LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................... 42 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 43 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................. 46 3 ROADMAPPING THE CONTINENTAL ELECTRICITY INTERNET (CEI) .......................................... 49 4 MICROGRIDS AND DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES ............................................................ 59 5 NATIONAL BROADBAND ........................................................................................................... 66 6 ADVANCED MOBILITY ............................................................................................................... 72 7 ENSURING OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY, RESILIENCY, AND SECURITY (IOT) .............................. 81 8 AMERICA 3.0 JOB DESCRIPTIONS ............................................................................................. 84 STUDY REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................... 88 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................ 89 PART 1: THE VISION | TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 AMERICA 3.0 THE RESILIENT SOCIETY THE BUILDINGS INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................................................ 90 TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................... 91 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................. 93 LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................... 93 1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 94 2 BUILDINGS ................................................................................................................................. 99 3 POLICIES .................................................................................................................................. 102 4 THE COMMERCIAL BUILDING STOCK ..................................................................................... 105 5 THE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING STOCK ....................................................................................... 113 6 THE MANUFACTURING BUILDING STOCK .............................................................................. 118 7 THE SMART IoT BUILDING STOCK ........................................................................................... 120 8 SMART GRID APPLICATIONS ................................................................................................... 122 9 MOBILITY ................................................................................................................................. 123 10 SMART GRID INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................................... 124 11 FORWARD-THINKING CITIES ................................................................................................. 127 12 DATA CENTERS ...................................................................................................................... 132 13 SMART GRID UTILITIES .......................................................................................................... 134 14 TRENDS IN COSTS RELATED TO DEMAND ............................................................................ 135 15 CONNECTED NETWORKS ...................................................................................................... 151 16 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................ 153 STUDY REFERENCES ................................................................................................................... 154 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................................. 155 HYDROGEN AS A CRITICAL ENABLER ........................................................................................... 156 TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................. 157 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 158 2 DECARBONIZING HYDROGEN ................................................................................................ 159 3 ECONOMIC AND COMPETITIVENESS BENEFITS .................................................................... 160 4 VALUE IN SCALE ..................................................................................................................... 162 5 POLICY LEVERS ....................................................................................................................... 163 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................................. 165 NEW ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES AND MILLIONS OF NEW JOBS .............................................. 166 TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................. 167 1 THE ROLE OF OPPORTUNITY COST IN AN ECONOMIC FUTURE ............................................. 168 PART 1: THE VISION | TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 AMERICA 3.0 THE RESILIENT SOCIETY 2 OVERVIEW OF U.S. ENERGY CONSUMPTION ......................................................................... 170 3 THE IMPERATIVE OF A MORE ENERGY PRODUCTIVE ECONOMY .......................................... 172 4 CRITICAL BUILDING BLOCKS AND JOBS .................................................................................. 175 5 AIR POLLUTION AND CLIMATE BENEFITS ............................................................................... 199 6 POLICY IMPLICATIONS ............................................................................................................ 205 STUDY REFERENCES ................................................................................................................... 206 APPENDIX A. FURTHER INSIGHTS ON AGGREGATE EFFICIENCY AND THE ECONOMY