Library of Congress The new world; or recent visit to America. Ever yours fraternally W. G. Campbell The New World; OR, RECENT VISIT TO AMERICA. TOGETHER WITH Introductory Observations for Tourists, AND Four Appendices, CONTAINING ALL SUITABLE INFORMATION FOR EMIGRANTS, &c. BY THE REV. W. GRAHAM CAMPBELL, GENERAL MISSIONARY AND AUTHOR OF “THE APOSTLE OF KERRY.” “Many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased.”—DAN. xii.4. LONDON: ELLIOTT STOCK, 62 PATERNOSTER ROW, ALSO DUBLIN: JOHN ROBERTSON & CO. 3 GRAFTON STREET J. GOUGH, 6 EUSTACE STREET. AND OF THE AUTHOR, 96 CARYSFORT AVENUE, BLACKROCK, DUBLIN. 1871. 917 C192 CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA LIBRARY WASHINGTON, D. C. CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA RELEASED LIBRARY of E168 C2 227.181 CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA RELEASED 227.181 The new world; or recent visit to America. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.00506 Library of Congress DUBLIN: R. T. WHITE. STEAM PRESS PRINTER, 45 FLEET STREET 4/22/65 EWB TO ANDERSON FOWLER, ESQ. TIPPERARY, IRELAND, (LATE OF NEW YORK,) This Book is Dedicated, AS A SMALL TOKEN OF THE HIGHEST PERSONAL ESTEEM, AND ALSO, IN GRATEFUL REMEMBRANCE OF THE DEEP INTEREST WHICH HE, AND OTHER MEMBERS OF HIS FAMILY TOOK IN THE AUTHOR'S RECENT VISIT TO AMERICA, BY THE AUTHOR. CONTENTS CHAPTER I PAGE Voyage out, and reflections on the same 1 CHAPTER II. First week's journal and labours in New York, &c. 26 CHAPTER III. Centenary Celebration of John-street Church, New York. New York. 38 CHAPTER IV. Moral Heroes—Cenotaphs and Epitaphs. 47 CHAPTER V. Second week in New York—Irish affairs, &c. 56 The new world; or recent visit to America. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.00506 Library of Congress CHAPTER VI. New York in sunshine and in shade. 69 CHAPTER VII. Cincinnati, “the Queen City of the West.” 79 CHAPTER VIII. Philadelphia, “the Quaker City.” 89 vi CHAPTER IX. Lockport City—Niagara, States side—Canada West, Clinton, &c. 103 CHAPTER X. Toronto and Montreal—Intermediate places 113 CHAPTER XI. Return to Upper Canada—Several places revisited 130 CHAPTER XII. Niagara again—Canadian or British side—New York again, &c. 148 CHAPTER XIII. Final visit to Canada—Montreal—Goderich, &c.—Conference at Toronto—Farewell to friends, to Canada, to New York, and to America in general 160 The new world; or recent visit to America. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.00506 Library of Congress CHAPTER XIV. Voyage Home—Arrival at Queenstown—Irish Conference in Cork 170 APPENDIX A.—Emigrants to Canada and the States 203 APPENDIX B.—Social and Domestic Habits of America 204 APPENDIX C.—Church Usages in Canada and States 205 APPENDIX D.—Miscellaneous—George Washington 206 Signs of the Times—Literary Curiosity—Conclusion 208 PREFACE. “Landed safe beyond life's see, We ne'er from Christ shall part; There all in perfect harmony, We shall be one in heart.” WHAT! another book on America? We answer yes, and very likely, soon another, and another still, to follow in quick succession; and after all, the tale will not be told. THE NEW WORLD, a great name, but a greater reality; a world of wonders, an almost unbounded country; in fact, a hemisphere which embraces portions of all the civilized nations of the earth. Its natural products are equally as varied and abundant. What wonderful mysteries and revolutions has the history of our world unfolded to human view, since the 12th of October, 1492, when Christopher Columbus, the great Spanish Navigator, landed on the shore of one of the Bahama Islands, which he called San Salvador, or Saint Saviour; and although the word America is derived from a subsequent Florentine Navigator, called Amerigo, yet the honour of discovery can never, with any propriety, be attributed to any one but Columbus. It was he who reasoned out the existence of the New World, and practically ascertained its truth; his was the most remarkable maritime enterprize in the history of the world; it formed a connection between Europe and America, which will never The new world; or recent visit to America. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.00506 Library of Congress be broken while the world lasts; and therefore the undivided acknowledgement must instrumentally be ascribed to the Genose Navigator; but all the glory to the Giver of every good and perfect gift. The writer will be able only viii to direct the reader's attention to a few of the States, and to parts of British America, to those which he visited, and from which he so recently returned. He feels somewhat diffident in entering on a subject on which so much has been written; but looking at the subject from a religious as well as a social stand-point, and taking his narrative principally from personal observations, as well as from the most authentic resources, he hopes the work will be of considerable advantage to the emigrant, especially to the religious emigrant, as well as a source of pleasurable satisfaction to the tourist and to those who have friends in that country. And while he does not at all lend himself to unqualified emigration, yet he knows that for many years to come it will awaken increasing interest in all parts of Europe. The discovery of the country, its settlements by Anglo-Saxon colonies, tend to enhance that interest; but the encouragement lately afforded by the English Government to emigrate to Canada, will vastly increase the tide of emigration to that dominion. The very word “New World” or America, has just now a kind of charm, particularly for the young adventurer. The Atlantic is unchained by steam, and by telegraphic despatch; and reminds one of Alexander Selkirk's soliloquy in the Island of Juan Fernandez— “How swift is a glance of the mind, Compared with the speed of its flight; The tempest itself lags behind, And the swift-winged arrows of light.” In America invention is quickened by the freedom of competition; its labour is rewarded by unexampled returns. Its peace is not maintained by great military establishments; public opinion rules without regimental troops, except on the sea-board, and the frontier. Her navy spreads her banner on every sea, and extends her enterprize to every clime. Her national resources are developed by culture. ix And every man is free. New states are yearly added to her boundless territory. Canals intersect the plains and cross the highlands. The steam power annihilates distance by its accelerated speed. Its wealth is increased four-fold, and its population doubled in every twenty-two years. The new world; or recent visit to America. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.00506 Library of Congress Religion is neither persecuted nor paid. Intelligence is vastly diffused with unparalleled universality, and her steam-press teems with the mental acquisitions of all nations and ages. Emigrants, of various lineage, constantly crowd her shores. Her constitution opens an asylum to the virtuous, the unfortunate and the oppressed of every nation under heaven. 350 years ago, her territory was one unproductive waste; no monument of art; its inhabitants barbarians; the axe and the ploughshare unknown; its soil wasted and lavished its strength in useless, but magnificent vegetation, and only gathered fertility from the repose of centuries. Its immense domain was a solitude; but as the fortunes of nations are not under the control of blind destiny, it has awoke from the slumber of ages, and follows now in the steps of a favouring Providence, which has called its noble institutions into being, and which are the birth-right and the palladium of their civil, social, and religious liberty and prosperity. These institutions, the Americans hope, will act on European states, and regenerate the Old World; in fact, their vast resources and institutions are almost more in character with “fable and with song,” than with reality; for when we consider her mighty forests, her majestic mountains, her ocean lakes, her splendid rivers, her magnificent estuaries, her mysterious rapids, her gigantic Niagara, her lineless sea coast, her sheltered sounds, her encircled bays, her commodious harbours, her fruitful harvests, her varied productions, her healthful climate, her exuberant minerals, her illimitable railways, her ample sweep of horizon, together x with her almost daily new-born cities and her busy factories, we may well exclaim, “All hail, Columbia!” Nor has all been told: her religious appliances exceed and excel all; her sound, in this respect, has gone out into all the world; her hosts of evangelical ministers, her church accommodation, her Sunday school agency, the activity, liberality and piety of her lay agency, and her wide spread membership, and though last, not least, her “star spangled banner of liberty,” all, all may justify her in exclaiming, and never more so than now— “O Freedom! pure instructress of the mind, Blest bond of union, birthright of mankind; Thine is the star, that from yon mountain height, Beams light and glory to the nation's The new world; or recent visit to America. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbtn.00506 Library of Congress sight; Thine is the voice, the talismanic charm, That warms the patriot's breast, and nerves his arm.” The Author has now to state that his design in going to America, was not to gratify a passion for the romance of travel, nor any desire for notoriety, nor even for the enjoyment of relaxation, however necessary that might have been, after the hard contest with the human monsters at Granard; for whatever may have been his conflicts or his toils in his feeble efforts to promote the best interests of his native land, yet he trusts his Epitaph will never be “A youth of labour, but an age of ease.” His motive in crossing the broad Atlantic, was simply the love of kindred, which, he trusts, was founded on love to Christ.