LiU-ITN-TEK-A--10/035--SE Real time sampling of utilization at Ericsson Test Plants Marky Egebäck Sebastian Lindqvist 2010-06-10 Department of Science and Technology Institutionen för teknik och naturvetenskap Linköping University Linköpings Universitet SE-601 74 Norrköping, Sweden 601 74 Norrköping LiU-ITN-TEK-A--10/035--SE Real time sampling of utilization at Ericsson Test Plants Examensarbete utfört i kommunikations- och transportsystem vid Tekniska Högskolan vid Linköpings universitet Marky Egebäck Sebastian Lindqvist Handledare Torbjörn Wikström Examinator Di Yuan Norrköping 2010-06-10 Upphovsrätt Detta dokument hålls tillgängligt på Internet – eller dess framtida ersättare – under en längre tid från publiceringsdatum under förutsättning att inga extra- ordinära omständigheter uppstår. 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For additional information about the Linköping University Electronic Press and its procedures for publication and for assurance of document integrity, please refer to its WWW home page: http://www.ep.liu.se/ © Marky Egebäck, Sebastian Lindqvist Abstract This master’s thesis has been written within the field of Electrical Engineering at the De- partment of Science and Technology, Linköping University. The work has been carried out at Ericsson’s site in Linköping during the spring of 2010. The purpose of this master thesis was to construct a model which could capture and present the utilization rate of test equipment at a telecom company in general. Since this field has not been studied very much in the past, it was decided to study a model from the production industry and try to reuse some of the basic ideas from this model. From this generic model a recommendation is given as to how the model could be used by implementing a Common Utilization Tool, which could be used to store, configure and present utilization data from all types of equipment in Ericsson’s test environment. This common uti- lization tool will use measurement modules that will both collect and classify the state of the equipment and deliver the result to a common database. To this Common Utilization Tool a measurement module has been implemented which samples Base Station Controllers (BSC) in Ericsson’s test environment state; used, unused and down. This implementation is also validated against real measured data from testers to conclude if the results are accurate. i Acknowledgments We would like to express our deepest gratitude to our supervisors Torbjörn Wickström at Er- icsson AB, David Gundlegård and Di Yuan at the Department of Science and Technology in Linkoping’s university. Without your knowledge, support and helping hand we would never been able to complete this thesis. A special thanks to Thomas Thunell, Anders Hollstedt, Jonas Madsen and the rest of the ATD Team for answering all our LTE Util Tool and THC questions. Without you guys the work with the BSC utilization module, which is a big part of our work, would not have been preformed as smoothly. We would also like to thank the rest of the people who helped us create the BSC utiliza- tion module; Ulf Arkad, Tomi Ojala Carlbergh, Jens Lindberg and Samka Nyberg. Another person that we would like to thank is Liz Foxbrook for greatly improving the lan- guage in the report. Last but not least we would like to thank the people at our section and department that has given us so much support and encouragement during the work of this thesis. Linköping, May 2010. Marky Egebäck and Sebastian Lindqvist iii Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background.......................................1 1.2 Purpose.........................................2 1.3 Objectives........................................2 1.4 Method.........................................2 1.5 Scope..........................................3 1.6 Confidentiality.....................................3 1.7 Outline.........................................3 1.8 The GSM Organization................................3 1.9 Testing.........................................4 1.10 Ericsson test environment - BETE..........................5 2 Frame of reference7 2.1 OEE - Overall equipment efficiency..........................7 2.1.1 Availability Efficiency.............................8 2.1.2 Operational Efficiency.............................8 2.1.3 Rate Efficiency.................................9 2.1.4 Quality Efficiency...............................9 2.1.5 Applications of OEE..............................9 2.1.6 Limitations of OEE..............................9 2.2 Performance Management............................... 10 2.3 Sampling theory.................................... 11 2.3.1 Sampling methods............................... 12 2.3.2 Sampling period................................ 12 2.3.2.1 Normal distribution......................... 12 2.3.2.2 Binomial distribution........................ 14 2.4 Measurement process.................................. 15 2.4.1 Measures.................................... 15 2.4.2 Activities in the measurement process.................... 15 2.4.2.1 Establish and sustain measurement commitment......... 15 2.4.2.2 Plan the measurement process................... 15 2.4.2.3 Perform the measurement process................. 16 2.4.2.4 Evaluate measurement....................... 16 2.4.3 The measurement information model..................... 16 v vi Contents 3 GSM 19 3.1 GSM specifications................................... 20 3.1.1 GSM Phases.................................. 20 3.1.2 Services in GSM................................ 21 3.2 GSM Network Architecture.............................. 21 3.2.1 Radio Subsystem................................ 22 3.2.2 Mobile Station................................. 22 3.2.3 Base Station Subsystem............................ 23 3.2.4 Network and Switching Subsystem...................... 24 3.2.5 Mobile Switching Center (Mobile Services Switching Center)....... 24 3.2.6 SMSC...................................... 25 3.3 GSM Areas....................................... 25 3.4 Databases and Registers................................ 25 3.4.1 Home-location-register (HLR)......................... 25 3.4.2 Visitor-location-register (VLR)........................ 26 3.5 Operations Support Subsystem............................ 26 3.5.1 Operations And Maintenance Center..................... 26 3.5.1.1 Telecommunications management network............ 26 3.5.2 Authentication Center............................. 27 3.5.3 EIR....................................... 28 3.6 Radio interface..................................... 28 3.6.1 Logical Channels................................ 29 3.6.1.1 Traffic Channels........................... 30 3.6.1.2 Control Channels.......................... 30 3.6.1.3 GSM Mapping............................ 31 3.7 Protocols in GSM.................................... 32 3.8 Addressing and localization in GSM......................... 33 3.8.1 International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)............... 34 3.8.2 Temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI)................ 34 3.8.3 Local Mobile Subscriber Identity (LMSI).................. 34 3.8.4 Mobile Station (or Subscriber) ISDN Number (MSISDN)......... 34 3.8.5 The Mobile Station Roaming Number (MSRN)............... 34 3.8.6 International mobile station equipment identity (IMEI).......... 34 3.9 Data services...................................... 34 3.9.1 GPRS...................................... 34 3.9.1.1 SGSN................................. 35 3.9.1.2 GGSN................................. 35 3.9.1.3 Location managemnet........................ 36 3.9.2 EDGE...................................... 36 4 GSM Evolutions 37 4.1 WCDMA........................................ 37 4.1.1 System and network architecture of WCDMA................ 37 4.2 LTE........................................... 39 4.2.1