DOCUMENT RESUME ED 417 651 HE 031 104 AUTHOR Davis, Todd M., Ed. TITLE Open Doors 1996-1997: Report on International Educational Exchange. INSTITUTION Institute of International Education, New York, NY. SPONS AGENCY United States Information Agency, Washington, DC. Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. ISBN ISBN-0-87206-243-0 ISSN ISSN-0078-5172 PUB DATE 1997-00-00 NOTE 224p.; Bound into the report is a 3.5 inch diskette entitled "ODDSTATS" which provides data to accompany the 1996-1997 edition of Open Doors," presented both in DOS ASCII and Microsoft Excel formats; diskette not available from ERIC. For previous report, see ED 404 959. AVAILABLE FROM IIE Books, Institute of International Education, P.O. Box 371, Annapolis Junction, MD 20701-0371; toll-free phone: 800-445-0443; fax: 301-953-2838; e-mail: [email protected] ($42.95, plus $4 handling). PUB TYPE Numerical/Quantitative Data (110) Reports Research (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC09 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS English (Second Language); *Enrollment; Expenditures; Foreign Nationals; *Foreign Students; Higher Education; *International Education; International Educational Exchange; International Programs; Paying for College; Student Characteristics; Student Exchange Programs; Student Financial Aid; *Student Mobility; *Study Abroad; Tables (Data); Teacher Exchange Programs IDENTIFIERS Cooperative Institutional Research Program; International Student Satisfaction Report ABSTRACT This report examines current and historical data on international student mobility, based on surveys of foreign students and scholars in the United States and U.S. students in study abroad programs and the Cooperative Institutional Research Program. The 83 data tables and 47 figures and accompanying summary text are organized as follows:(1) total number of foreign students in the Unites States;(2) enrollments by region and country of origin;(3) undergraduate and graduate distribution by country of origin;(4) field of study choices and geographic origins of students for 13 academic areas;(5) the development of field of study choices over time for students from selected Asian countries;(6) access and participation rates of foreign students by sex and nationality;(7) distribution of foreign students in the United States by county, region, and state;(8) primary funding sources and estimated expenditures of foreign students;(9) foreign student enrollments by institution;(10) academic and personal characteristics of foreign students;(11) numbers and destinations of U.S. students studying abroad;(12) foreign student enrollments in intensive English programs and student geographic origins; and (13) numbers and activities of foreign scholars on U.S. campuses. Brief essays on international education are included, along with information about the survey methodology and the accompanying diskette.(SW) : $ 0 6ET C40`1-qAVAILABLE. U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL CENTER (ERIC) HAS BEEN GRANTED BY This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it IIE 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Points of view or opinions stated in this TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)' 4. v-q "2 opendoors 1996/97 REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE Todd M. Davis, Editor Institute of International Education 809 United Nations Plaza New York, NY 100 I 7-3580 3 Open Doors 96/97 Institute of International Education The Institute of International Education (11E) was founded in 1919 to promote peace and understanding through cultural and educational exchanges. Over the next 25 years IIE brought foreign scholars to lecture in U.S. universities,developed exchange programs with Europe and LatinAmerica,and began to publish studies and reports on international educational cooperation. In1946 it began assisting the U.S. government in the administration of the Fulbright Graduate Fellowship Program,which has sponsored over 80,000 individuals to study abroad. At present IIE is the largest and most active nonprofit organization in the field of international educational exchange. It administers numerous programs on behalf of governments, foundations, corporations, universities, binational centers and interna- tional organizations. Each year it helps over 10,000 individuals to participate in these sponsored programs and in IIE's international host activities. IIE reaches an additional 200,000 individuals annually through its educational services, which are made possible through contributions and grants to 11E. These services include free information and counseling, a research and reference library, conferences and seminars, and publications relating to the field of international education. The following IIE publications focus on foreign study in the United States and U.S. study abroad. They may be purchased from IIE Books. An order form is provided at the back of this book for your convenience. Open Doors: Report on International Educational Exchange (Annual) $42.95 Financial Resources for International Study $39.95 Funding for U.S. Study:A Guide for Internationals $49.95 Academic Year Abroad (Annual) $44.95 Vacation Study Abroad (Annual) $39.95 IIE Research In addition to these publications, the Research Division of IIE can produce tailored reports from two comprehensive data bases of international students in the United States for scholars and others interested in international educational exchange. For information and charges regarding these special reports, contact the Research Division, 11E, 809 United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017-3580. Telephone: (212) 984-5347 Internet: [email protected] Fax: (212) 984-5452 Suggested Citation: Open Doors 1996/97: Report on International Educational Exchange, 1997.Todd M. Davis, ed. New York: Institute of International Education. The boundaries and other information shown on any map, or referenced in text or in any figure or table in this volume, do not imply any judgment on the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries by the Institute of International Education or any instrumentality of the United States Government. Copyright ©1997 Institute of International Education.All rights reserved. No part of this book may be incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission of the Institute of International Education. Printed in the United States. ISBN: 087206-243-0 ISSN: 0078-5172 II 4 FOREWORD Sustaining Student "It was the best of times and the most stagnant of times"... to paraphrase Charles Dickens.The number of international stu- Exchange in a dents studying in this country has never been higher.This year also marks the sixth year since enrollments increased by less Time of than 5% and the third year in a row in which enrollments in- creased by less than I %.This is not the first time, however, that Uncertainty enrollment flows have flattened. During the early 1970s and again in the early 1980s flows weakened only to be jolted up- wards by students from newly rich oil producers and then from the awakening East Asian economies.There does not appear to be a new set of international developments that will producea sharp upturn in numbers on the immediate horizon, but onecan never be sure what lies ahead. What several states and many colleges and universities now understand is that maintaining international enrollments de- pends increasingly on the efforts of U.S. institutions to recruit students to our higher education system. Indeed there appears to be room for this internal expansion.This year foreign students will constitute about 3.2% of all of our higher education enroll- ments.When compared with the major European host countries our proportion of international students is about one-third that of Germany, France or Great Britain. I believe that the best strategy is to clearly build the case for the benefits of sustained international enrollments while unambigu- ously addressing any negatives in managing foreign student flows. The key to this is to develop strong data about individual interna- tional enrollments and to follow these students as they move through the higher education system. Those of us who under- stand the many benefits to this country of international students III Open Doors 96/97 look forward to the development of national data that will support sound policy-making on the federal and local level. This year's Open Doors contains the results of our Annual Census of Foreign Students, our surveys of U.S. Study Abroad and Foreign Scholars, and the return of our annual survey of students enrolled in Intensive English Programs. Open Doors 1996/97 also contains the results of the individual foreign student survey formerly known as Profiles, as well as sidebars by professionals involved in many aspects of the educational exchange enterprise. As ever, I encourage you to become actively engaged with the data and the commentary in these pages. I especially welcome you to communicate directly with me about issues raised in this edition. Todd M. Davis Director of Research Institute of International Education New York City October 10, 1997 Iv 6 Acknowledgments The preparation of this report would not have been possible without the support and contributions we received from many individuals and organizations.The Institute