International Journal of Coal Geology 169 (2017) 40–61 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Coal Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijcoalgeo Classification of liptinite – ICCP System 1994 W. Pickel a,⁎,J.Kusb, D. Flores c,S.Kalaitzidisd, K. Christanis d,B.J.Cardotte,M.Misz-Kennanf,S.Rodriguesg, A. Hentschel g,M.Hamor-Vidoh,P.Crosdalei,N.Wagnerj, ICCP 1 a 4/38-3302 Darling Street, Balmain, NSW 2041, Australia b Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) in Geozentrum Hannover, Stilleweg 2, D-30655 Hannover, Germany c Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto and Instituto de Ciências da Terra - Polo da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal d Department of Geology, University of Patras, 26504 Rio-Patras, Greece e Oklahoma Geological Survey, 100 E. Boyd Street, Suite N131, Norman, OK 73019, USA f University of Silesia, Faculty of Earth Science, ul. Będzińska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland g School of Earth Science, Steele Bldg 3, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld. 4072, Australia h Geological and Geophysical Institute of Hungary, 1442 Budapest, Pf 106, Hungary i Energy Resources Consulting Pty Ltd, ERC Technologies Pty Ltd, 4/55 Clarence St, Coorparoo, Qld. 4151, Australia j Department of Geology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, South Africa article info abstract Article history: The liptinite maceral group has been revised by ICCP in accordance with the ICCP System 1994. After the revision Received 4 November 2016 of the classifications of vitrinite (ICCP, 1998), inertinite, (ICCP, 2001) and huminite (Sykorova et al., 2005) this Accepted 6 November 2016 liptinite classification completes the revised ICCP maceral group classifications. These classifications are collec- Available online 29 November 2016 tively referred to as the “ICCP System 1994”. In contrast to the previous ICCP Stopes Heerlen (ICCP, 1963, 1971, 1975, 1993) this new classification system is applicable to coal of all ranks and dispersed organic matter. Keywords: The classification as presented here was accepted in the ICCP Plenary Session on September 11, 2015 at the ICCP Liptinite fi Cutinite Meeting in Potsdam. The decision to publish this classi cation in the recent form was accepted at the ICCP Plenary Suberinite Session on September 23, 2016 in Houston. Sporinite © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license Resinite (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Exsudatinite Chlorophyllinite Alginite Liptodetrinite Bituminite Classification Contents 1. Introduction...............................................................43 2. Liptinite.................................................................43 2.1. Originofterm...........................................................43 2.2. Etymology............................................................43 2.3. Relatedterms...........................................................43 2.4. Definition.............................................................43 2.4.1. Comment.........................................................43 2.4.2. Note...........................................................43 2.5. Physicalproperties.........................................................43 2.5.1. Colour and reflectance...................................................43 2.5.2. Fluorescence.......................................................43 2.6. Chemicalproperties........................................................43 2.7. Derivation.............................................................43 ⁎ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (W. Pickel). 1 Including text on alginite by Cook, A.C. Bituminite based on text by Teichmüller, M. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2016.11.004 0166-5162/© 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). W. Pickel et al. / International Journal of Coal Geology 169 (2017) 40–61 41 2.8. Occurrence............................................................ 43 2.9. Practicalimportance........................................................ 43 3. Cutinite(seeFigs.1,2,3)......................................................... 44 3.1. Originofterm........................................................... 44 3.2. Etymology............................................................ 44 3.3. Relatedterms........................................................... 44 3.4. Definition............................................................. 44 3.4.1. Comment........................................................ 44 3.4.2. Note........................................................... 44 3.5. Physicalproperties........................................................ 44 3.5.1. Colour and reflectance................................................... 44 3.5.2. Fluorescence....................................................... 44 3.6. Chemicalproperties........................................................ 44 3.7. Derivation............................................................ 45 3.8. Occurrence............................................................ 45 3.9. Practicalimportance........................................................ 45 4. Suberinite(seeFigs.4,5)......................................................... 45 4.1. Originoftheterm......................................................... 45 4.2. Etymology............................................................ 45 4.3. Relatedterms........................................................... 45 4.4. Definition............................................................. 45 4.4.1. Comment........................................................ 45 4.5. Physicalproperties........................................................ 46 4.5.1. Colour and reflectance................................................... 46 4.5.2. Fluorescence....................................................... 46 4.6. Chemicalproperties........................................................ 46 4.7. Derivation............................................................ 46 4.8. Occurrence............................................................ 46 4.9. Practicalimportance........................................................ 46 5. Sporinite(seeFigs.6,7,8)........................................................ 46 5.1. Originofterm........................................................... 46 5.2. Etymology............................................................ 47 5.3. Relatedterms........................................................... 47 5.4. Definition............................................................. 47 5.4.1. Comment........................................................ 47 5.5. Physicalproperties........................................................ 47 5.5.1. Colour and reflectance................................................... 47 5.5.2. Fluorescence....................................................... 47 5.5.3. Polishinghardness.................................................... 47 5.6. Chemicalproperties........................................................ 47 5.7. Derivation............................................................ 47 5.8. Occurrence............................................................ 47 5.9. Practicalimportance........................................................ 47 6. Resinite(seeFigs.9,10)......................................................... 48 6.1. Originofterm........................................................... 48 6.2. Etymology............................................................ 48 6.3. Relatedterms........................................................... 48 6.4. Definition............................................................. 48 6.4.1. Comment........................................................ 48 6.4.2. Note........................................................... 48 6.5. Physicalproperties........................................................ 49 6.5.1. Colour and reflectance................................................... 49 6.5.2. Fluorescence....................................................... 49 6.5.3. Polishinghardness.................................................... 49 6.6. Chemicalproperties........................................................ 49 6.7. Derivation............................................................ 49 6.8. Occurrence............................................................ 49 6.9. Practicalimportance........................................................ 49 7. Exsudatinite(seeFigs.11,12)....................................................... 49 7.1. Originofterm........................................................... 49 7.2. Etymology............................................................ 49 7.3. Relatedterms........................................................... 49 7.4. Definition............................................................. 49 7.4.1. Comment........................................................ 49 7.5. Physicalproperties........................................................ 49 7.5.1. Colour and reflectance................................................... 49 7.5.2. Fluorescence....................................................... 50 7.5.3. Polishinghardness.................................................... 50 7.6. Chemicalproperties.......................................................