MONASTERY IN BZOVÍK – VALUE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN Monastery in Bzovík – Value Assessment and Management Plan Ivan Murin - Ivan Souček Editors Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica ISBN Reviewer: Francesca Bruno Editors: Ivan Murin, Ivan Souček Technical editor: Hofreiter Roman Authors: Martin Miňo, Zuzana Klasová, Hana Chorvátová, Ingrid Turisová, Ivan Murin, Peter Andráš, Pavol Midula, Ján Spišiak, Jana Jaďuďová, Kamila Borseková, Anna Vaňová, Iveta Marková Translation: Dana Benčiková Publisher: Belianum This publication is written as a part of the project RUINS CE092: Sustainable re-use, preservation and modern management of historical ruins in Central Europe, financed by the European Fund for Regional Development, within the program Interreg CENTRAL EUROPE. Content Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 PART 1 – DIAGNOSIS .............................................................................................................................................. 9 1 Formal diagnosis of the Bzovík ruin ...............................................................................................................10 1.1 Historical location and geography of Bzovík .......................................................................................10 1.1.1 Geomorphology of Bzovík surroundings ........................................................................................11 1.1.2 Bzovík and patronal law ......................................................................................................................12 1.1.3 Bzovík as an anti-Ottoman fortress ..................................................................................................17 1.1.4 The heritage of bordering with the Ottoman Empire ....................................................................20 1.1.5 Bzovík and the personality of Juraj Szelepcény-Pohronecký (1595-1685) ..................................21 1.1.6 Story of Bzovík in the 20th century ....................................................................................................23 1.2 Musealization of the Bzovík history.......................................................................................................24 Recommendation ........................................................................................................................................................26 2 Analysis of the values of the property ............................................................................................................27 2.1 The analysis of the features crucial for establishing a comparative group .......................................27 2.1.1 Location and the surrounding area ....................................................................................................27 2.2 Composition layout of the monastery ...................................................................................................29 2.2.1 Buildings of a distinctive external form ............................................................................................31 2.2.2 Internal historical form of the structures..........................................................................................36 2.2.3 Decorations ...........................................................................................................................................40 2.2.4 Materials, substances and the structure .............................................................................................45 2.2.5 Monastery ruin equipment – original elements that have been preserved ..................................50 2.2.6 Function of the property .....................................................................................................................52 2.3 Defining the type of the property and selecting comparative group ................................................53 2.4 Valuing criteria and value assessment of the property, based on the reference group – the comparative group ..................................................................................................................................................56 Recommendation ........................................................................................................................................................68 3 Description of the premises .............................................................................................................................70 3.1 Preservation of elements of historical significance ..............................................................................70 3.1.1 Technical condition ..............................................................................................................................70 Recommendation ........................................................................................................................................................72 PART 2 - DESCRIPTION OF THE PROTECTION AND PROPERTY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ........................................................................................................................................................................................74 4 Regulatory conditions and the status of the property ..................................................................................75 4.1 Risks of the monument protection of ruins .........................................................................................76 4.2 Conditions of protection and the legislation ........................................................................................77 4.3 References to collection of national laws and regional guidelines relating to protection, conservation and the procedures of renovation and utilization of cultural heritage objects, and their brief description ......................................................................................................................................................78 4.4 Effective legal regulations ........................................................................................................................78 4.5 Supportive financial resources of the state administration, and grants ............................................83 Recommendations .......................................................................................................................................................85 5 Integrated approach of natural sciences to protection of ruins ..................................................................86 5.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................................86 5.2 Physical factors ..........................................................................................................................................86 5.3 Chemical factors ........................................................................................................................................87 5.4 Biological factors .......................................................................................................................................89 Recommendation ........................................................................................................................................................93 6 Safety and security of ruins ...............................................................................................................................95 6.1.1 Methodology and strategies of fire protection of cultural monuments .................................... 100 6.1.2 The results of the Fire Risk Assessment ........................................................................................ 101 6.1.3 Fire scenario ....................................................................................................................................... 103 6.1.4 Proposal of measures to ensure equipment for the primary intervention in case of fire, and in evacuating people from the object of the Bzovík castle ........................................................................... 108 6.1.5 The Assessment and the proposed measures based on the pilot testing ................................. 110 Recommendation ..................................................................................................................................................... 115 PART 3 - DESCRIPTION OF THE USE OF THE PREMISES ................................................................. 118 7 Local community and historical ruins .......................................................................................................... 119 7.1 Perception of a ruin as a cultural monument .................................................................................... 119 7.2 Cohabitation of people with the cultural monument ....................................................................... 120 7.2.1 The method of researching the reflectiveness of ruins ............................................................... 121 Recommendation ..................................................................................................................................................... 125 8 Activism and renewing of the ruins with the help of the unemployed .................................................