Brazilian Congressional Study Mission on Innovation Washington, D.C. and Cambridge, MA April 18-20, 2011 [ 1 ] WOODROW WILSON CENTER BRAZIL INSTITUTE BOARD OF TRUSTEES ADVISOR Y COUNCIL Joseph B. Gildenhorn CHAIRMAN Chairman Ambassador Anthony Harrington Sander R. Gerber Albright Stonebridge Group Vice Chairman Dr. Leslie Bethell Jane Harman, Fundação Getúlio Vargas Director, President and CEO Dr. Luis Bitencourt Center for Hemispheric Defense Studies, NDU PUBLIC MEMBERS Mr. Antonio Britto Melody Barnes Interfarma Director, Domestic Policy Council, The White House Ambassador Luigi Einaudi James H. Billington National Defense University The Librarian of Congress Mr. Marcos Sawaya Jank Hillary R. Clinton Unica Secretary, U.S. Department of State Dr. Carlos Eduardo Lins da Silva G. Wayne Clough Política Externa, FAPESP Secretary, Smithsonian Institution Dr. Thomas E. Lovejoy Arne Duncan H. John Heinz III Center Secretary, U.S. Department of Education Mr. Andrew Rudman David Ferriero Phrma Archivist of the United States Dr. Maria Herminia Tavares de Almeida James Leach University of São Paulo Chairman, National Endowment for the Humanities Kathleen Sebelius The followings companies are Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services corporate members of the Advisory Council PRIVATE MEMBERS AES, ALCOA, AMGEN, AMYRIS, BUNGE, Timothy Broas COCA-COLA, COTEMINAS, CUMMINS, EMBRAER, GERDAU, MERCK, RAIZEN John T. Casteen, III Charles Cobb, Jr. Thelma Duggin Carlos M. Gutierrez The Offi cial and Exclusive Airline Susan Hutchison Sponsor of the Woodrow Wilson Awards Barry S. Jackson and the Woodrow Wilson Center [ 2 ] Washington, D.C. and Cambridge, MA April 18-20, 2011 Brazilian Congressional Study Mission on Innovation Institucional Support [ 3 ] About Woodrom Center, established by Congress in 1968 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a living national memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mission is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by providing a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individuals con- cerned with policy and scholarship in national and international affairs. Supported by public and pri- vate funds, the Center is a nonpartisan institution engaged in the study of national and world affairs. It establishes and maintains a neutral forum for free, open, and informed dialogue. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide fi nancial support to the Center. The Center is the publisher of The Wilson Quarterly and home of Woodrow Wilson Center Press, dialogue radio and television, and the monthly newsletter “Centerpoint”. For more information about the Center’s activities and publications, please visit us on the web at www.wilsoncenter.org. [ 4 ] BRAZILIAN CONGRESSIONAL STUDY MISSION ON INNOVATION Foreword he Wilson Center’s Brazil Institute strives to improve the unders- tanding of Brazilian realities for an American audience. The Ins- Ttitute focuses on issues relevant to the bilateral relations of the two largest democracies and economies in the Americas. This report is a perfect case in point. It includes the academic proceedings of the Brazilian Congressional Study Mission on Innovation to the United States, orga- nized and led by the Wilson Center’s Brazil Institute in April 2011. For three days, eighteen members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate, representing the eight principal parties in Congress, took part in an intensive program held at the Wilson Center and the Department of State, in Washington, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambrid- ge, Massachusetts. The members of Congress, including two senators, he- ard from leading American and Brazilian experts on innovation. They en- gaged in substantive exchanges on diff erent aspects of innovation policies, including intellectual property protection, relations between companies and scientists at public universities and research centers, and how regula- tory frameworks impact research and the process of commercialization. A seminar for journalists that specialize in the coverage of science and technology issues preceded the Congressional Mission in Cambridge Or- ganized with the support of Interfarma, a member of the Brazil Institute Advisory Board, the Mission covered the full range of issues relevant to innovation policies in the United States. The delegation explored inno- vations in pharmaceutical sector but also the the information technology sector, whose interests and views are not necessarily convergent with those of the pharmaceutical industry represented by Interfarma. By bringing together the various dimensions of innovation, the Mission provided a balanced perspective on a topic made more relevant and complex by the [ 5 ] advancement of science and technology and its applications in the past quarter century. Innovation has been at the core of the Brazil Institute’s program since its creation. In 2008, working in collaboration with Prospectiva, an inter- national consulting fi rm from São Paulo, the institute launched a series of six conferences on Innovation Policies and Business Strategies. The confe- rences were held in Washington and São Paulo and included presentations by leading Brazilian and American experts. Among them were Glauco Arbix, Carlos Henrique Brito Cruz and Carlos Americo Pacheco, Ste- phen Merrill and Kent Hughes. Arbix, Brito Cruz and Pacheco have since been named, respectively, president of the Brazilian innovation agency, Fi- nep, scientifi c director at the São Paulo Science Foundation, FAPESP, and president of the Techonological Institute of the Air Force, ITA. Merrill is executive director of the National Academies’ Board on Science, Techno- logy, and Economic Policy (STEP) since its formation in 1991. A former president of the Council on Competitiveness and chief economist for a US Senate majority, Hughes is currently director of the Wilson Center Program on America in the Global Economy, PAGE. A lengthy bilingual report on the conference series written by Prospectiva’s Ricardo Sennes was published in 2010 and is available online in Portuguese and English. [you might want to put the link here] Following the fi rst Brazilian Congressional Mission on Innovation, the Brazil Institute hosted in October 2011 a three-day conference on “Fifty Years of Science in Brazil and Challenges Ahead”. The event, which ma- rked the 50th anniversary of the São Paulo Science Foundation, FAPESP, was co-sponsored by the Ohio State University Medical Centerand the National Science Foundation,. It convened close to sixty researchers from Brazilian and American universities and research centers, in addition to executives from innovative companies. Most of the ten thematic panels were directly related to fi elds of applied scientifi c research. As this report was being fi nalized, the Brazil Institute was busy working with its counterpart at King’s College London in the program of the se- cond Brazilian Congressional Mission on Innovation, scheduled to start in London in early April, with visits to companies in Manchester, Berlin, Basil and Paris. At the invitation of the Brazilian government, the Ins- titute was also actively involved as partner in the planning of a major conference on the future of Brazil –United States relationsto take place in the the context of President Dilma Rousseff ’s visit to the White House [ 6 ] on April 9th 2012 The event will focus on trade, investment, energy and, particularly, on cooperative approaches to science and technology education and innovation. One of the panels, organized with the Brazil Institute support, will featureon Science Without Borders, an ambitious education program initiated by Rousseff and funded mostly by the Bra- zilian federal government, with participation of Brazilian and American companies. The program intends to provide up to 100,000 scholarships for Brazilian undergraduate and graduate students to attend at least one year of school abroad on science, technology, engineering and mathematics.. Some 30,000 are expected to come to more than one hundred colleges and universities in the United States. Together with a new focus on the need to foster policies that will improve the international competitiveness of the Brazil’s economy, Science Without Borders represents a major com- mitment to address the defi cits in education and innovation the country faces as it emerges as one of the world’s leading economies and a global political actor. Paulo Sotero Director of Brazil Institute, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars [ 7 ] [ 8 ] BRAZILIAN CONGRESSIONAL STUDY MISSION ON INNOVATION The future lies in innovation nfrastructure, education and innovation. Three seemingly simple words that disguise a more complicated question: what more does Brazil have Ito do to be considered economically and socially developed, once and for all? Brazil’s Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers Association - In- terfarma – whose 42 members dedicate themselves to health research, has sought to bridge the gap in relation to what the country lacks in terms of innovation, in a more objective manner. Altogether, our companies have had a presence in Brazil for a combi- ned 1,389 years. Year after year these companies provide millions of Brazi-