COURSE GUIDE CRD 208 NIGERIAN & INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVES Course Team: Lawal Kamaldeen, A. A. Ph.D (Course Developer/Writer) Department of Entrepreneurship Faculty of Management Science – NOUN Prof. J .O Y Aihonsu (Course Editor) Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye. Lawal Kamaldeen, A. A. Ph.D – (HOD) Department of Entrepreneurship Faculty of Management Science – NOUN Dr. Ishola, Timothy O. (Dean) – Faculty of Management Science – NOUN NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA CRD 208 NIGERIAN & INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVES National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters University Village Plot 91 Cadastral Zone Nnamdi Azikiwe Expressway Jabi, Abuja. Lagos Office 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island, Lagos e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.noun.edu.ng Published by: National Open University of Nigeria ISBN: Printed: 2017 All Rights Reserved ii CRD 208 MODULES CONTENTS PAGE Introduction……………………………………………….. iv Course Aims………………………………………………. iv Course Objectives…………………………………….…… iv Structure of the Course……………………………………. iv Assessment………………………………………………… v Tutor Marked Assessment………………………………… v Examination……………………………………………….. vi Summary…………………………………………………… vi iii CRD 208 NIGERIAN & INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVES INTRODUCTION The origin and growth of Nigeria and International Cooperative is as old as human race. The course is to acquaint learners with the pattern of growth and development of cooperative from Ancient Egyptian to the present day and provide analytical expression and tools for comparison. More so, the concept engulfed and spread gradually from Europe and to other part of the world. Presently cooperative is a form of business organization which is an international movement. Finally cooperative managers needs to understand the concept, principles of cooperative in other part of world and take decisions bothering on running cooperative business management successfully. COURSE AIMS The overall aim of the course can be summarized as introducing students to with the pattern of growth and development of cooperative from Ancient Egyptian to the present day and provide analytical expression and tools for comparison basic concepts, lay down principles, scope and approaches of cooperative management. This will be achieved by: Introducing you to the origin and evolution of cooperative. Treating with you, constraint, success and future of cooperative in Europe, America, Asia and Africa- Nigeria. COURSE OBJECTIVES To achieve the broad aims set out about, the course objective below each of the separate units of the course also has its objectives at the beginning of the unit to help you focus better. Once you have successfully completed the course, it is expected that you focus better. STRUCTURE OF THE COURSE This is a two-credit unit course made up of sixteen study units covering the following: The specific study units are as follows: MODULE 1 Unit 1 The Origin and Growth of Cooperatives iv CRD 208 MODULES Unit 2 The Works of Notable Scholars in Development of Cooperative Unit 3 The Pattern of Development of Cooperatives in Europe, Asia, America and Nigeria Unit 4 The Pattern of Development of Cooperatives in Asia Unit 5 The Pattern of Development of Cooperatives in Africa- Nigeria MODULE 2 Unit 1 Importance of Agricultural Cooperatives in Britain, Demark, Norway and Sweden Unit 2 Success of Consumers Cooperative Movement in Britain Unit 3 History of Agricultural Cooperative in U.S.A (America) Unit 4 Problems of Agricultural Cooperative in U S A Unit 5 The Role Played by Cooperatives in Indian Development MODULE 3 Unit 1 Historical Development of the Nigerian Cooperative Movement, its Achievement, Constrains and Future Prospects Unit 2 Modern and Traditional Pattern of Cooperation in Nigeria Unit 3 Structure of the Cooperative Movement in Nigeria Unit 4 The Activities of the Following: ANCE, NACCUN, NACMO, CFN, and NCISN Unit 5 The Role of International Agency for Cooperative Development (ICD), World Council of Credit Unions – WOCCU and IFAP – International Federation of Agricultural Producers, International Fund For Agricultural Development (IFAD) Unit 6 History, Objectives and the Importance of the International Cooperative Alliance ASSESSMENT There will be two aspects to the assessment of the course: Continuous Tutor Marked Assessments Written examination of three (3) hours duration. v CRD 208 NIGERIAN & INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVES TUTOR MARKED ASSESSMENT In attempting the assignments, you are expected to utilize the information gathered during the course. Each assignment, which you will find at the end of each unit, should be submitted to your assigned tutor at a date to be decided by the National Open Nigeria Authority, on a separate file. The assignment will count for 50% of the total course mark. EXAMINATION The final examination for the course will be of two hours duration and account for 50% of the total course grade. Typically all areas of the course will be assessed during the examination. SUMMARY Cooperative managers of any societies need to be provided information and understanding the concepts and lay down principle of cooperative learn from different countries and international cooperatives association and organization the contributing factors to their failure and success. Thus CRD 208 Nigerian and International Cooperatives is designed in such a way to make learners in providing relevant information and knowledge that will help them in cooperative business and management. vi CRD 208 MODULES MAIN CONTENT CONTENTS PAGE MODULE 1………………………………………………………… 1 Unit 1 The Origin and Growth of Cooperatives……………. 1 Unit 2 The Works of Notable Scholars in Development of Cooperative……………………………………….. 7 Unit 3 The Pattern of Development of Cooperatives in Europe, Asia, America and Nigeria………………. 14 Unit 4 The Pattern of Development of Cooperatives in Asia 21 Unit 5 The Pattern of Development of Cooperatives in Africa-Nigeria…………………………………….. 25 MODULE 2…………………………………………………..…….. 30 Unit 1 Importance of Agricultural Cooperatives in Britain, Demark, Norway and Sweden……………… 30 Unit 2 Success of Consumers Cooperative Movement in Britain…………………………………………….. 42 Unit 3 History of Agricultural Cooperative in U.S.A (America)……………………………………………. 48 Unit 4 Problems of Agricultural Cooperative in U S A……. 60 Unit 5 The Role Played by Cooperatives in Indian Development………………………………………… 72 MODULE 3…………………………………………………………. 78 Unit 1 Historical Development of the Nigerian Cooperative Movement, its Achievement, Constrains and Future Prospects…………………….. 78 Unit 2 Modern and Traditional Pattern of Cooperation in Nigeria…………………………………….………. 84 Unit 3 Structure of the Cooperative Movement in Nigeria……………………………………………. 89 Unit 4 The Activities of the Following: ANCE, NACCUN, NACMO, CFN, and NCISN…………………………. 94 Unit 5 The Role of International Agency for Cooperative Development (ICD), World Council of Credit Unions – WOCCU and IFAP – International Federation of Agricultural Producers, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)……………………………….. 100 Unit 6 History, Objectives and the Importance of the International Cooperative Alliance……………… 107 1 CRD 208 MODULES MODULE 1 Unit 1 The Origin and Growth of Cooperatives Unit 2 The Works of Notable Scholars in Development of Cooperative Unit 3 The Pattern of Development of Cooperatives in Europe, Asia, America and Nigeria Unit 4 The Pattern of Development of Cooperatives in Asia Unit 5 The Pattern of Development of Cooperatives in Africa- Nigeria UNIT 1 THE ORIGIN AND GROWTH OF COOPERATIVES CONTENT 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Objectives 3.0 Main content 3.1 Origin and growth of cooperatives and notable works of scholars 3.2 Babylonian Era. 3.3 The Early Greek Era between 3000 to 325 B.C. 3.4 Ancient Chinese Associations 200 B.C 3.5 The Roman Era, 510 B.C to 475 A.D 3.6 The Early Christian Era, 1-313 A.D 3.7 The Rise of Islam 600-1490 A.D 3.8 The Middle Age, 500-1400.A.D 3.9 Renaissance (recovery) Period 1400-1750 A.D: 3.9.1 The industrial Revolution 1750-1944 A.D 3.9.2 The ATOMIC and SPACE AGE in 1945 to Present day 4.0 Conclusion 5.0 Summary 6.0 Tutor-marked assignments 7.0 References/Further Readings 1.0 INTRODUCTION The origin and growth of cooperation are as old as human race. Co- operatives started as an urban consumer retail enterprise but later spread to rural areas amongst farmers. During the latter part of the nineteenth century, the concept engulfed several parts of Europe and North America. Early in the twentieth century, the cooperative movement spread to Indian and gradually to other Asian and African countries, 1 CRD 208 NIGERIAN & INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVES mainly courtesy of the colonial administrators. Presently, the cooperative form of business organization is an international movement. Although some associate it‟s with socialist or communist country. (Roy, 1980). 2.0 OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit, tutors should be able to: acquaint learners with the pattern of development of the cooperative development right from Ancient Egyptian to the present day provide analytical tools comparison of cooperative approaches. 3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 Origin and Growth of Cooperation and Notable Works of Scholars The evolution and growth of cooperation can be traced down to Ancient Egyptian Era between (3100 to 1150 BC) as the main period of development. The cooperative has evolved from a religion-oriented institution to a more formalized business-oriented organization serving economic rather than spiritual needs. The nature of development was craftsmen and artisan associations. Roy (1981), Lawal and Oludimu