Report on the Status of Eradication Campaign in 2001

Report on the Status of Eradication Campaign in 2001

WHO/CDS/CPE/CEE/2002.30 Distribution : GeneraVGenerale Bilingual: Enghsh/French Bilingue: anglals!francais REPORT ON THE STATUS OF THE DRACUNCULIASIS ERADICATION CAMPAIGN IN 2001 RAPPORT SUR LA CAMPAGNE D'ERADICATION DE LA DRACUNCULOSE EN 2001 ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANTE WORLD HEALTII ORGANIZATION L This document was developed by the Strategy Ce document a ete developpe par !'unite de Development and Monitoring for Eradication and !'Elaboration et Suivi des Strategies d'Eradication Elimination Team and the Public HealthMapping Team, et d'Elimination et l'Unite de Cartographie sanitaire, Programme of Communicable Diseases, Groupe des Maladies transmissibles, World Health Organization. Organisation mondiale de la Sante. Acknowledgements Remerciements Special thanks to the Guinea Worm Eradication Un remerciement particulier aux Gestionnaires de Programme Managers and Data Managers for the data Programmes et de donnees des Programmes nationaux provided and their tremendous contribution to d'Eradication du Ver de Guinee, pour les donnees Dracunculiasis eradication. fournies et pour leur formidable contribution dans ]'eradication de la dracunculose. This document was printed with the support of Ce document a ete produit et imprime the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. grace au soutien de la Fondation Bill et Melinda Gates. This document is available on the Internet at: Ce document peut etre consulte sur internet : www.who.int/globalatlas www. who.int/globalatlas Copies may be requested from: Des copies de ce document soot disponibles aupres de : World Health Organization Organisation mondiale de la Sante Information Resource Centre Centre d'Information et de Documentation Communicable Diseases Groupe des Maladies transmissibles CH-1211 Geneva27,Switzerland CH-1211 Geneve 27, Suisse Fax: + 41 022 791 4285 - E-mail: [email protected] Fax: + 41 022 791 4285 - E-mail: [email protected] The designations employed and the presentation of Les appellations employees dans cette publication ainsi materials in any of the maps included in this document do que la presentation des donnees qui y figurent, not imply the express of any opinion whatsoever on tableaux et cartes compris, n'impliquent de la part du the part of the World Health Organization concerning the Secretariat de !'Organisation mondiale de la Sante legal status of any country, territory, city or of its authorities, aucune prise de position quant au statut juridique des pays, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. territoires, villes ou zones, ou de leurs autorites, ni quant au trace de leurs frontieres ou limites. ©WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION 2002 ©ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANJ"E 2002 This document is not a formal publication of the Wortd Ce document n'est pas une publication officielle de Health Organization (WHO), and all rights are reserved !'Organisation Mondiale de la Santa (OMS) et taus by the Organization. The document may, however, be les droits y afferents sont reserves par freely reviewed, abstracted, reproduced or translated, !'Organisation. S'il peut etre commente, resume ou in part or in whole, but not for sale or for use in conjunc­ cite sans aucune restriction, il ne saurait cependant tion with commen::ial pU!poses. etre reproduit ni traduit, partiellement ou en totalite, pour la vente ou a des fins commerciales. Photo cover: WHO/A. Tayeh WHO/CDS/CPE/CEE/2002.30 Distribution: Generai/Generale Bilingual: English/French Bilingue: anglais/franQais REPORT ON THE STATUS OF THE DRACUNCULIASIS ERADICATION CAMPAIGN IN 2001 RAPPORT SUR LA CAMPAGNE D' ERADICATION DE LA DRACUNCULOSE EN 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Global status of dracunculiasis eradication 4 1 .1 . Global overview 4 1.2. The decline in dracunculiasis cases 4 1.3. Containment of cases 9 1.4. Seasonality of dracunculiasis 10 1.5. Villages under surveillance and currently endemic villages 11 1 .6. Imported cases 13 2. Situation in highly endemic countries 15 2.1. Overview of highly endemic countries 15 2.2. Ghana 15 2.3. Nigeria 19 2.4. Sudan 21 3. Countries with moderated levels of endemicity 24 3.1. Overview of endemic countries reporting 100 to 1500 cases in 2001 24 3.2. Benin 25 3.3. Burkina Faso 26 3.4. Cote d'lvoire 30 3.5. Mali 33 3.6. Niger 38 3.7. Toga 40 4. Countries approaching interruption of transmission 4 7 4.1 . Overview of endemic countries approaching interruption of transmission 4 7 4.2. Central African Republic (CAR) 48 4.3. Ethiopia 50 4.4. Mauritania 53 4.5. Uganda 57 5. Countries that interrupted transmission and in pre-certification phase 61 5.1. Overview of countries in pre-certification phase 61 5.2. Cameroon 62 5.3. Chad 62 5.4. Kenya ____________________ 64 5.5. Senegal 65 5.6. Yemen 66 Annex I ________________________ 68 TABLE DES MATIERES 1. Situation mondiale de !'eradication de la dracunculose 4 1.1. Vue d'ensemble 4 1.2. La diminution du nombre de cas de dracunculose 4 1 .3. L' isolement des cas 9 1.4. Le caractere saisonnier de la dracunculose 10 1.5. Villages sous surveillance et villages actuellement endemiques_ 11 1 .6. Cas importes 13 2. Situation dans les pays fortement endemiques 15 2.1. Vue d'ensemble des pays fortement endemiques 15 2.2. Ghana 15 2.3. Nigeria 19 2.4. Soudan 21 3. Pays d'endemie moderee (entre 100 et 1500 cas par an) 24 3.1. Vue d'ensemble des pays endemiques rapportant de 100 a 1500 cas en 2001 25 3.2. Benin 25 3.3. Burkina Faso 26 3.4. Cote d'lvoire 30 3.5. Mali 33 3.6. Niger 38 3.7. Toga 40 4. Pays approchant de !'interruption de la transmission 47 4.1. Vue d'ensemble des pays approchant de !'interruption de la transmission 47 4.2. Republique Centrafricaine (RCA) 48 4.3. Ethiopie 50 4.4. Mauritania 53 4.5. Ouganda 57 5. Pays qui ant interrompu la transmission et qui sont dans la phase de pre-certification 61 5.1. Vue d'ensemble des pays dans la phase de pre-certification __ 61 5.2. Cameroun 62 5.3. Tchad 62 5.4. Kenya-------------------- 64 5.5. Senegal 65 5.6. Yemen 66 Annexe I ______________________ 69 REPORT ON THE STATUS OF THE DRACUNCULIASIS GLOBAL ERADICATION CAMPAIGN IN 2001 1. GLOBAL STATUS OF 1. SITUATION MONDIALE DE DRACUNCULIASIS L'ERADICATION DE LA ERADICATION DRACUNCULOSE 1.1. Global overview 1.1. Vue d'ensemble The dracunculiasis eradication initiative started in Bien que le programme d'eradication de la 1982. However it is only from 1989 that surveillance dracunculose ait ete lance en 1982, la majorite des systems for few countries including Ghana and Ni­ pays n'ont etabli leur systeme de surveillance qu'en geria were effective. As a result 892,055 dracuncu­ 1989, y compris le Ghana et le Nigeria, pourtant for­ liasis cases were reported in that year. The tement endemiques. Par consequent, environ programme was strengthened in 1991 , when the 900 000 cas de dracunculose ant ete enregistres World Health Assembly declared its goal to eradi­ en 1998. L'initiative d'eradication de la dracunculose cate the disease by 1995. In the following years, more a ete renforcee en 1991, quand I'Assemblee mon­ endemic countries established their eradication pro­ diale de la Sante a declare que son but etait d'eradi­ grammes. Pakistan interrupted transmission in 1993 quer la maladie. Les pays les plus endemiques ant and India in 1996 and 3 years later were respectively etabli leurs programmes d'eradication dans les an­ certified as disease free. Civil war in the worst af­ nees suivantes. Le Pakistan et l'lnde avaient inter­ fected countries, combined with the inaccessibility rompu la transmission en 1993 et 1997 to endemic areas and other factors, delayed com­ respectivement et avaient ete certifies comme plete achievement of the eradication goal. Neverthe­ exempts de dracunculose en 1997 et 2000 respec­ less, endemic countries have shown a determination tivement. La guerre civile dans les pays les plus af­ to be rid of this painful and disabling disease. Cur­ fectes, combinee avec l'inaccessibilite des zones rently, only 13 countries, all in Africa, are endemic endemiques et d'autres facteurs ant cependant re­ with the disease and 5 countries are in there tarde !'eradication. Neanmoins, les pays endemiques precertification phase. There is heightened interest ant montre une determination a se debarrasser de in eradication among endemic countries, countries cette maladie douloureuse et invalidante, et tant les in precertification stage, donors and supporting or­ bailleurs de fonds que les organisations parrainantes ganizations including The Carter Center/Giobal telles que le Carter Center, I'Unicef et I'OMS ant fait 2000, UNICEF and WHO. This commitment was preuve d'un tres grand inten~t pour !'eradication de expressed during the seventh meeting of dracuncu­ la dracunculose. Actuellement, seuls 13 pays sont liasis eradication programme managers held in Khar­ encore endemiques, et 5 pays sont dans la phase toum, Sudan, from 4 to 7 March 2002. Ministers de pre-certification. from several countries reaffirmed their commitment to dracunculiasis eradication in a Round Table and 1.2. La diminution du nombre de cas issued a declaration to publicize this commitment de dracunculose (Annex 1). La forte diminution du nombre de cas enregistres dans le monde pendant les 13 dernieres annees, 1.2. The decline in dracunculiasis cases temoigne de cet engagement a eradiquer la mala­ This commitment to eradicate the disease had die. Get engagement a ete renouvele pendant la 8 8 been demonstrated clearly through the sharp de­ 7 "' reunion des coordonnateurs de programmes qui crease of the number of reported cases worldwide a eu lieu a Khartoum du 4 au 7 mars 2002. Des during the last 13 years.

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