CHAPTER EIGHT ARMENIA BETWEEN 1918 AND 1921 Th e Armenian-populated areas in the Russian Empire changed dra- matically in the years aft er the Russian Revolution. Th ey were part of the Transcaucasian Federative Republic, became independent in 1918, lost their independence on 30 November 1920, becoming an SSR in the RSFSR, and fi nally merged in 1922 with the other Transcauca- sian republics in a federation as part of the emerging Soviet Union. In this chapter an overview will be given of the changing boundaries of Armenia from the time of the Russian Revolution until the promulga- tion of Stalin’s Constitution in 1936. Turkish Armenia and Russian Armenia According to the last fi gures before the Armenian genocide in 1915– 1917, which date from 1912, the Armenians in the Turkish Empire (especially Eastern Anatolia) were geographically distributed as follows:1 Turkish Armenia 1,018,000 Other parts of the six vilayets (provinces)2 145,000 Cilicia 407,000 European Turkey and the remainder of the Empire 530,000 1 See for the Armenian genocide J. Lepsius, Massacres d’Arménie, Rapport Secret, (Paris: Payot & Cie, 1918), H. Morgenthau, Ambassador Morgenthau’s Story, (New York: Garden City, 1918), H. Morgenthau, Th e Tragedy of Armenia, (London: Spot- tiswoode, Ballantyne & co., ltd, 1918), D. Bloxham, Th e Great Game of Genocide (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), R. Kévorkian, Le génocide des arméniens (Paris: Odile Jacob, 2006), T. Akçam, A Shameful Act: Th e Armenian Genocide and the Question of Turkish Responsibility (New York: Metrolitan Books, 2007), the Bryce Report by Lord James Bryc, http://www.fi rstworldwar.com/source/brycereport_arme- nia.htm, Hovannisian, 36. 2 Erzerum, Bitlis, Van, Diarbakir, Kharput and Sivas. 130 chapter eight http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Armenia_template.png Map 8 Armenia.