English for Specific Purposes (Music) Mauricio San Martín Gómez EFL Teacher (UMCE – Chile) Minor in Literary Studies and Educational Psychology (CQUniversity – Australia) Bachelor in Classical Singing (Universidad de Chile) AUGM Scholar – Bachelor in Music (UFSCar – Brazil) Bachelor in Latin-American Popular Music (UNCuyo - Argentina) Copyright © Por/ By Mauricio San Martín Gómez 1ª Edición / 1st Edition: 2013 – Mendoza, Provincia de Mendoza, República Argentina. Mendoza, Mendoza Province, Argentina. 2ª Edición / 2nd Edition: 2017 - Mendoza, Provincia de Mendoza, República Argentina. Mendoza, Mendoza Province, Argentina. Hecho el depósito que marca la ley 17,336 de la República de Chile. Se permite usar la presente obra y generar obras derivadas, siempre y cuando esos usos no tengan fines comerciales y sean educacionales; y siempre reconociendo al autor y/o los autores citados en él, previa autorización por escrito. Mauricio San Martín Gómez has asserted his right under the Copyright law of Chile No. 17,336, to be identified as the author of this e-book. The author permits this publication to be reprinted or reproduced under prior written permission, only for educational and non-commercial purposes, and always crediting the author and/or other cited authors. [email protected] Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International / Reconocimiento-NoComercial- CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) Contents About the author / Sobre el autor _______________________________________________________ 1 Introduction _________________________________________________________________________ 2 Introducción _________________________________________________________________________ 4 Acknowledgements – Agradecimientos __________________________________________________ 6 Dedication __________________________________________________________________________ 7 Starter What about you? What do you play? ______________________________________________ 8 Topic No.1 Fundamentals of Music Theory _______________________________________________ 9 Topic No.2 Band Formation ___________________________________________________________ 28 Topic No.3 A Brief History of Music ____________________________________________________ 43 Topic No.4 Phrasing, Expression and Performance ______________________________________ 56 Topic No.5 Score Analysis ____________________________________________________________ 74 Topic No.6 Music Critique ____________________________________________________________ 87 Appendix: Reading Comprehension ___________________________________________________ 105 Cover picture: Public domain. Rock Guitarist [Digital Visualization]. Retrieved from http://onsolutions.mx/images/musico.png About the author / Sobre el autor ENG Mauricio San Martín Gómez is an EFL Teacher and professional singer. He earns his teaching degree at the Metropolitan University of Educational Sciences (UMCE-Chile), also obtaining a Minor degree in Literature and Educational Psychology at Central Queensland University (CQUniversity - Australia). His final research paper covers the use and effectiveness of paralinguistic devices as vocabulary EFL teaching strategies. Irene Rostagno, Mary Jane Abrahams, Pablo Corvalán and Hector Ortiz are the main mentors who influenced his studies in this area. In 2009, he studies a Bachelor’s degree in Music (Classical Singing) in the Department of Music at the University of Chile, where he is trained by numerous highly experienced opera masters such as Lucía Gana, Carmen Luisa Letelier, Hanns Stein and Carlos Beltrami. He also plays a role in Manuel de Falla’s opera “La Vida Breve” (Voice from the Forge), which is staged in 2010 at Sala Isidora Zegers, Santiago. During this period, Mauricio performs many soloist chamber concerts in theatres. He also develops a choir singer career and is directed by Chilean conductors Silvia Sandoval and Vicente Alarcón, Argentinean conductor Gabriel Garrido and Brazilian conductor Jane Borges. In 2012, Mauricio decides to move from art to popular music. He is trained by Paquita Rivera and Olga Torres, from whom he learns the Alexander and Cos Art Vocal Techniques. In 2017, he graduates in Latin-American Popular Music at the National University of Cuyo (UNCUYO–Argentina). In 2015, he wins the AUGM scholarship to study at the Federal University of São Carlos (Brazil), where he focuses in learning Contemporary Belting technique with Davis Denner (Araraquara, SP). Meanwhile, he is performing in many public and private venues, arranging a diverse repertoire that ranges from jazz to folk, as well as coaching professional and amateur musicians. ESP Mauricio San Martín Gómez es Profesor de Inglés como Lengua Extranjera y Cantante profesional. Obtiene su título de profesor en la Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación (UMCE – CHILE), por la cual obtiene un Minor en Literatura y Psicología Educacional en Central Queensland University (CQU – Australia). Su tesis de investigación se relaciona al uso y la efectividad de los recursos paralingüísticos como estrategias de enseñanza de vocabulario en inglés como lengua extranjera. Irene Rostagno, Mary Jane Abrahams, Pablo Corvalán y Héctor Ortiz fueron los mentores que lo influenciaron en estas áreas. En 2009, cursa estudios de Licenciatura en Artes mención Interpretación Musical (especialidad Canto), en la Facultad de Artes de la Universidad de Chile. Allí se forma con grandes maestros de la lírica, tales como Lucía Gana, Carmen Luisa Letelier, Hanns Stein y Carlos Beltrami. Desempeña un rol en la ópera de Manuel de Falla, “La Vida Breve” (La Voz de la Fragua), montada en 2010 en la Sala Isidora Zegers. Al mismo tiempo, realiza numerosos conciertos como solista en diversos teatros. A su vez, se desarrolla como coreuta bajo la dirección de los maestros nacionales Silvia Sandoval, Vicente Alarcón, el argentino Gabriel Garrido y la brasilera Jane Borges. En 2012, se despliega desde la música académica a la popular. Se entrena interpretativa y vocalmente con las maestras Paquita Rivera y Olga Torres, de quienes aprende el uso de la técnica Alexander y la técnica Cos Art. En 2017, se gradúa de Licenciado en Música Popular Latinoamericana (Orientación Canto) en la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO – Argentina). Previamente, en 2015, gana la beca AUGM para cursar estudios en la Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar – Brasil), donde se interioriza en la técnica del Belting Contemporáneo con el maestro Davis Denner (Araraquara, SP). Actualmente, continúa realizando su carrera artística en presentaciones públicas y privadas, creando arreglos propios en un diverso repertorio que abarca desde el jazz hasta el folk. También da clases de técnica vocal a músicos aficionados y profesionales. http://www.facebook.com/mauriciosanmartinmusic ESP (Music) – Mauricio San Martín Gómez 1 Introduction Foreign language instruction not only encompasses a set of strategies that encourages learners' engagement within a social and communicative framework, but it also involves other aspects of students' lives. Language has a tremendous impact on our internal thoughts, feelings and intentions. When it comes to learning a foreign language, this process involves an immersion in different values and thinking structures that may be completely alien to us; i.e. language learning/teaching goes beyond the fact of simply learning new lexical items. Otherwise, in music, it is impossible to mark out limits or boundaries. This noticeable feature can also be observed in languages. In the case of music, this conveys a unique way of thinking, feeling and expressing, alongside a host of other aspects. In fact, performing musicians, educators, researchers, composers and arrangers are unable to agree on a cohesive definition of what music actually is. In other words, music professionals are still struggling to find a fully complete concept of music that might include all of its possible social, affective, physical, spiritual, historical and even mathematical or linguistic uses and assumptions. In light of these complex and wide-ranging academic perspectives, I decided to create a course on English for Specific Purposes focused on Music (ESP-Music) during my undergraduate studies on a Latin-American Popular Music Bachelor program at the National University of Cuyo (Mendoza, Argentina). Many undergraduate and post-graduate students from Music degrees, as well as EFL students (from teaching and translation degrees) took the course. Within each lesson I outline a general instructive outcome: to foster relevant concepts related to music in English as foreign language students in order to facilitate professional refinement. This course appears to be extremely relevant due to the increasing interaction among musicians in different parts of the globe, the numerous professional challenges that can emerge for Spanish-speaking musicians and music researchers in terms of performing or presenting their own artistic projects. At the same time, learners will be able to consult and understand different reference sources, give precise opinions on any musical work, utilize music software with ease, and understand the meaning of expressions and symbols in any score printed in English. This method is open to all students who have mastered an intermediate level of proficiency in English as a foreign language (B1 onwards), which seems to be enough for comprehension/production purposes. This is due to the fact that the learning strategies involved are focused on the association of