Organised Crime National Situation Report 2018 Organised Crime 20181 1 The terms "investigation" and "group" are continuously used as equivalents. One OC investigation corresponds to exactly one OC group. Organised Crime National Situation Report 2018 1 Table of contents 1 Preliminary Remarks ............................................................................................................................................................. 4 2 Statistical Overview ................................................................................................................................................................ 5 3 Presentation and Evaluation of the Crime Situation ............................................................................................ 7 3.1 General data on investigations .............................................................................................................................. 7 3.2 Financial aspects ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 3.2.1 Losses caused by OC groups ................................................................................................................. 11 3.2.2 Criminal proceeds generated by OC groups ................................................................................ 13 3.2.3 Assets provisionally seized by the state .......................................................................................... 14 3.3 Suspects .......................................................................................................................................................................... 16 3.4 Structures of the OC groups ................................................................................................................................. 18 3.5 Structural considerations ...................................................................................................................................... 20 3.5.1 Outlaw motorcycle groups ................................................................................................................... 20 3.5.2 OMCG-type groups ................................................................................................................................... 22 3.5.3 Italian Organised Crime (IOC) ............................................................................................................. 23 3.5.4 Russian-Eurasian Organised Crime (REOC) ................................................................................. 25 3.6 Current manifestations .......................................................................................................................................... 28 3.6.1 Criminal members of ethnically secluded subcultures (clan crime) ............................... 28 3.6.1.1 Clan crime - Overview for the year 2018 ....................................................................................... 28 3.6.1.2 Clan crime - Crime of suspects belonging to clans of Arab origin or stemming from Turkey ........................................................................................................................................................ 31 3.6.2 Migration and OC ...................................................................................................................................... 35 3.6.3 Suspected links between OC groups and terrorism/politically motivated crime .... 37 3.7 Fields of crime ............................................................................................................................................................. 38 4 International Aspects of Organized Crime .............................................................................................................. 54 5 Overall Assessment .............................................................................................................................................................. 55 Annex .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 57 Alphabetical overview of all nationalities identified .................................................................................................... 68 Organised Crime National Situation Report 2018 2 Organised Crime National Situation Report 2018 3 1 Preliminary Remarks The National Situation Report on "Organised Crime" for 2018 contains information about the current situation and developments in the field of organised crime (OC) in Germany. The report is drawn up by the Bundeskriminalamt (Federal Criminal Police Office - BKA) in co- operation with the Landeskriminalämter (Land Criminal Police Offices - LKÄ), the Zollkriminalamt (Central Office of the German Customs Investigation Service - ZKA) and the Bundespolizeipräsidium (Federal Police Headquarters) on the basis of the working definition of "Organised Crime" developed by the Joint Working Party of the German Police and Judicial Authorities (GAG Justiz/Polizei) in May 19902. In this context, data on OC investigations conducted during the period under review are compiled by applying the same set of criteria throughout the country. The National Situation Report presents the results of law enforcement activities carried out in the field of organised crime. It is a description of the recorded cases, i.e. the crime coming to police notice, but a valid estimation of the possible type and extent of unreported crime cases cannot be deduced from the statistical data. Statements on the development of organised crime are essentially based on the long term monitoring of information relevant to OC. For the first time, this year's National Situation Report on Organised Crime also covers the offences committed by members of ethnically secluded subcultures (so-called clan crime), the involvement of suspected migrants in organised crime and the links between OC and terrorism/politically motivated crime, on the basis of statistically relevant data. 2 Please note the working definition of "Organised Crime" under 3.1. Organised Crime National Situation Report 2018 4 2 Statistical Overview OC investigations 2018 2017 Number of OC investigations 535 572 Initial reports 244 (45.6 %) 274 (47.9 %) Completed investigations 246 (46.0 %) 271 (47.4 %) Fields of crime Drug trafficking/smuggling 201 (37.6 %) 207 (36.2 %) Property crime 93 (17.4 %) 94 (16.4 %) Crime associated with the business 55 (10.3 %) 63 (11.0 %) world Facilitation of illegal immigration 53 (9.9 %) 51 (8.9 %) Tax and customs crime 39 (7.3 %) 48 (8.4 %) Violent crime 25 (4.7 %) 33 (5.8 %) Counterfeiting/Forgery 17 (3.2 %) 17 (3.0 %) Crime associated with nightlife 16 (3.0 %) 26 (4.5 %) Cybercrime 13 (2.4 %) 17 (3.0 %) Money laundering 8 (1.5 %) 9 (1.6 %) Criminal association 7 (1.3 %) 1 (0.2 %) Arms trafficking and smuggling 4 (0.7 %) 3 (0.5 %) Corruption 3 (0.5 %) 2 (0.3 %) Environmental crime 1 (0.2 %) 1 (0.2 %) International crime 418 (78.1 %) 455 (79.5 %) The Internet as instrument of crime 38 (7.1 %) 34 (5.9 %) Behaviour involving more than one 190 (35.5 %) 208 (36.4 %) area of crime 40.5 40.9 Average OC potential3 points points 3 for explanations on the OC potential, see page 18. Organised Crime National Situation Report 2018 5 Suspects 2018 2017 Number of suspects: 6,483 8,317 Newly identified suspects 2,998 (46.2 %) 3,238 (38.9 %) Migrants4 464 (7.2 %) -- -- Number of German suspects 2,023 (31.2 %) 2,436 (29.3 %) Number of non-German suspects 4,286 (66.1 %) 5,614 (67.5 %) Turkish nationals 714 (16.7 %) 853 (15.2 %) Polish nationals 404 (9.4 %) 426 (7.6 %) Number of suspects whose nationality is 174 (2.7 %) 267 (3.2 %) unclear, stateless suspects Total number of nationalities 90 105 Number of armed suspects 373 (5.8 %) 449 (5.4 %) Offender structures Number of OC investigations featuring 401 (75.0 %) 417 (72.9 %) heterogeneous offenders structures 5 Number of OC investigations featuring 134 (25.0 %) 155 (27.1 %) homogeneous offenders structures 6 Financial aspects Losses EUR 691 million EUR 209 million Identified criminal proceeds EUR 675 million EUR 145 million Provisionally seized assets EUR 72 million EUR 24 million Number of OC investigations resulting in the 172 (32.2 %) 146 (25.5 %) provisional seizure of assets Number of OC investigations involving 211 (39.4 %) 213 (37.2 %) money laundering activities 4 recorded for the first time in 2018, the year under review 5 OC groups whose suspects have various nationalities. 6 OC groups whose suspects have the same nationality. Organised Crime National Situation Report 2018 6 3 Presentation and Evaluation of the Crime Situation The total number of investigations conducted against OC groups reveals that OC continues to pose an invariably high threat in Germany. In contrast to the previous year under review, the overall number of investigations dropped from 572 to 535 (-6.5 %) in 2018. The numbers of OC investigations developed differently at the 16 Land Criminal Police Offices and the Federal authorities (i.e. Bundeskriminalamt (Federal Criminal Police Office), Bundespolizei (Federal Police), Zollkriminalamt (central office of the German customs investigation service)). Even though the overall assessment shows a decrease, not all authorities involved feature a decline in case numbers. The decrease mainly results from the fact that the number of