Mount Penang Parklands Central Coast Highway, Kariong (SHR listing number 01667) Conservation Management Plan Prepared for Hunter and Central Coast Development Corporation November 2020 • Issue D Project number 19 0069 Tanner Kibble Denton Architects Pty Ltd | ABN 77 001 209 392 | www.tkda.com.au Sydney Level 1, 19 Foster Street, Surry Hills NSW 2010 Australia | T+61 2 9281 4399 Brisbane, Level 14, 241 Adelaide Street, Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia | T+61 7 3087 0160 Principals Alex Kibble, Robert Denton, Megan Jones, John Rose | Practice Directors George Phillips, Jocelyn Jackson, Melanie Mackenzie Senior Associates Ian Burgher, Angelo Casado, David Earp, Anna Harris, Emma Lee, Renata Ratcliffe, Lachlan Rowe Associates Asta Chow, Paul Dyson, Scott MacArthur, Sean Williams NSW Nominated Architects Robert Denton Registration No 5782 | Alex Kibble Registration No 6015 Mount Penang Parklands • Conservation Management Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY vi 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Purpose of the report 1 1.2 Report methodology and structure 1 1.3 Author identification 2 1.4 Limitations 2 1.5 Acknowledgements 3 1.6 Study area 3 1.7 Definitions 7 1.8 Abbreviations 8 2 HISTORICAL ANALYSIS 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 Aboriginal history 9 2.3 The Nautical School Ships (1866-1911) 9 2.4 The establishment of the Gosford Farm Home for Boys, 1912 11 2.5 Gosford Training School – consolidation (1923-1944) 18 2.6 Mount Penang Training School for Boys (1944-1960) 22 2.7 Mount Penang – 1960 to 1999 25 2.8 2000 and after 27 2.9 Historic Themes 30 3 ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE 32 3.1 Introduction 32 3.2 Buildings 33 3.3 Cultural landscape 45 3.4 Aboriginal archaeological potential 71 3.5 Historical archaeological potential 73 3.6 Natural heritage 74 4 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 78 4.1 Introduction 78 4.2 State institutions and farm homes 78 4.3 The Vernon and Sobraon 78 4.4 Brush Farm, Eastwood 80 4.5 Berry Training Farm 81 4.6 Farm Home for Boys, Narara 83 4.7 Kinchela Training Home 83 4.8 Mittagong Farm Home for Boys 85 4.9 Riverina Farm Home for Boys 87 4.10 St Heliers Farm Home 89 4.11 Yawarra Training School 91 4.12 Emu Plains Prison Farm 92 4.13 Government Agricultural Farm, Scheyville 94 4.14 Probationary Farm Homes 95 4.15 Non-government Farm Homes 96 4.16 Conclusions 100 Tanner Kibble Denton Architects November 2020 • Issue D Mount Penang Parklands • Conservation Management Plan 5 ASSESSMENT OF HERITAGE SIGNFICANCE 103 5.1 Introduction 103 5.2 Previous assessments 103 5.3 Assessment of significance 104 5.4 Alternate statement of cultural significance 109 5.5 Significance of site components 110 5.6 Heritage curtilage 116 5.7 Ability to represent historic themes 118 6 INFORMATION FOR CONSERVATION POLICY 119 6.1 Introduction 119 6.2 Heritage significance 119 6.3 Physical condition 120 6.4 Owner’s requirements 120 6.5 Retention of integrated cultural and natural significance 120 6.6 Development opportunities and constraints 121 6.7 Statutory context – Commonwealth 123 6.8 Statutory context - State 124 6.9 Other statutory considerations 132 6.10 Non-statutory heritage considerations 133 7 CONSERVATION POLICY 135 7.1 Information for conservation policies 135 7.2 Heritage management principles 135 7.3 General management policies 136 7.4 Heritage conservation 141 7.5 Proposed actions 154 8 IMPLEMENTATION 167 8.1 Minimum standards of maintenance and repair 167 8.2 Urgent and structural works 168 8.3 Conservation works 168 8.4 Reconstruction 171 8.5 Maintenance schedule 172 8.6 General conservation guidelines 175 9 SOURCES 176 APPENDIX A BUILDINGS, STRUCTURES AND PRECINCT INVENTORIES A-1 APPENDIX B ABORIGINAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT B-1 APPENDIX C HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT C-1 APPENDIX D NATURAL HERITAGE ASSESSMENT D-1 APPENDIX E PRELIMINARY TREE ASSESSMENT E-1 APPENDIX F SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE VALUES & HERITAGE INTERPRETATION STRATEGY F-1 APPENDIX G SITE SPECIFIC EXEMPTIONS G-1 APPENDIX H PAINT SCHEDULES H-1 November 2020 • Issue D Tanner Kibble Denton Architects Mount Penang Parklands • Conservation Management Plan Document / Status Register Issue Date Purpose Written Approved P1 11 November 2019 Draft issue for review RL P2 3 December 2019 Final Draft for review RL/CMJ CMJ A 19 December 2019 Final Issue RL/CMJ CMJ B 25 June 2020 Revised final issue RL/CMJ C 28 July 2020 Revised final issue RL/CMJ D 10 November 2020 Issue for endorsement RL/CMJ 190069 201110 Mount Penang CMP D.docx Tanner Kibble Denton Architects November 2020 • Issue D v Mount Penang Parklands • Conservation Management Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This conservation management plan was commissioned by the Hunter and Central Coast Development Corporation (HCCDC) to guide the conservation, management and interpretation of the heritage significance of Mount Penang Parklands. The Mount Penang Parklands site is situated on the eastern side of the M1 Sydney/ Newcastle Motorway on the Central Coast Highway, It extends over 158 hectares, of which approximately 67 hectares is bushland. Mount Penang was used as a Juvenile Justice Centre from 1912 until 1999. Part of the site has been developed as a semi-rural campus and comprises a collection of heritage listed buildings constructed during the 1910s and 1920s surrounded by open space, gardens, sculpture gardens, sporting fields and facilities and various community uses, including the Kariong High School. In this Conservation Management Plan, Mount Penang is identified as an item of State heritage significance and as such the Plan is intended as a document which will guide the future of the property in a manner which is consistent with the assessed significance. The report analyses the historical and physical evidence available and formulates a Statement of Significance for the building and its site (Section 4), and from this and other considerations, Conservation Policies are proposed and their implementation detailed (Section 6 and 7). This CMP concludes that the major objectives for the conservation and ongoing use of the site are to: - Protect the heritage and archaeological values of the Mount Penang Parklands site; - Implement ongoing conservation and interpretation programs to maintain and enhance the heritage significance of the site; - Provide controls for future development and for temporary events at the site; - Ensure any future development respects the heritage values for which the site is listed on the State Heritage Register. November 2020 • Issue D Tanner Kibble Denton Architects Mount Penang Parklands • Conservation Management Plan 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose of the report This Conservation Management Plan (CMP) for Mount Penang has been prepared by Tanner Kibble Denton Architects (TKD) on behalf of the Hunter and Central Coast Development Corporation (HCCDC) to guide the conservation, management and interpretation of the heritage significance of the place. Under the Growth Centres (Development Corporations) Act 1974 the HCCDC is responsible for the promotion, coordination, management and securing the orderly economic development of the Central Coast growth centre. This includes the substantial land holding at Mount Penang Parklands site. Previous CMPs for Mount Penang Parklands were prepared by Godden Mackay Logan in 2001, EJE Architecture in 2012 and Extent Heritage in 2018. A new CMP is required because of the subdivision and sale of land in the Kangoo Road and Highway Commercial Precinct of the Parklands for commercial development and to assist HCCDC in the management and maintenance of the site. There is presently no CMP endorsed by the Heritage Council for the site. 1.2 Report methodology and structure This CMP has been prepared in accordance with the guidelines outlined in The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance, 2013. The Burra Charter is widely acknowledged as the principal guiding document to conservation work and practices of places of cultural significance. The Burra Charter has been adopted widely as the standard for best practice in the conservation of heritage places in Australia. The content and format of the CMP also follows the guidelines for the preparation of significance assessments and conservation policy provided by the Heritage Branch, NSW Department of Planning. It is also consistent with the methodology set out in The Conservation Plan (seventh edition, 2013), prepared by JS Kerr and published by Australia ICOMOS. The CMP comprises the following sections: – Executive summary, which concisely describes the outcomes and findings of the CMP; – Section 1 Introduction (this section) provides the key background information relevant to the preparation of this CMP; – Section 2 Historical Overview provides a summary history of the site and development of the buildings; – Section 3 Analysis of Physical Evidence provides a summary of the analysis of the physical evidence of the site to determine the extent and integrity of original fabric and the nature of subsequent changes; – Section 4 Assessment of Heritage Significance provides a statement of heritage significance for the site. This section also contains a comparative analysis to place Mount Penang Parklands into an historical context, identifies the varying levels of significance for individual elements within the site and recommends a heritage curtilage; – Section 5 Information for Conservation Policy sets out the heritage management context for the site including client requirements and a discussion of any heritage opportunities and constraints that might apply; – Section 6 Conservation