BioMed Research International Approaches in Physical Activity: From Basic to Applied Research 2017 Lead Guest Editor: Danilo S. Bocalini Guest Editors: Julien S. Baker, Leonardo dos Santos, Bruce Davies, and Emmanuel G. Ciolac Approaches in Physical Activity: From Basic to Applied Research 2017 BioMed Research International Approaches in Physical Activity: From Basic to Applied Research 2017 Lead Guest Editor: Danilo S. Bocalini GuestEditors:JulienS.Baker,LeonardodosSantos, Bruce Davies, and Emmanuel G. Ciolac Copyright © 2018 Hindawi. All rights reserved. This is a special issue published in “BioMed Research International.” All articles are open access articles distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Contents Approaches in Physical Activity: From Basic to Applied Research 2017 Julien S. Baker , Bruce Davies, Leonardo dos Santos ,EmanuelCiolac , and Danilo Sales Bocalini Editorial (2 pages), Article ID 9732315, Volume 2018 (2018) Multicomponent Exercise Improves Physical Functioning but Not Cognition and Hemodynamic Parameters in Elderly Osteoarthritis Patients Regardless of Hypertension Hélio José Coelho-Júnior , Ivan de Oliveira Gonçalvez, Iris Callado Sanches, Leandro Gonçalves, Erico Chagas Caperuto ,MarcoCarlosUchida ,andBrunoRodrigues Research Article (10 pages), Article ID 3714739, Volume 2018 (2018) Relationship between Joint Position Sense, Force Sense, and Muscle Strength and the Impact of Gymnastic Training on Proprioception Bartłomiej Niespodziński , Andrzej Kochanowicz, Jan Mieszkowski ,ElżbietaPiskorska , and Małgorzata Żychowska Research Article (10 pages), Article ID 5353242, Volume 2018 (2018) Multicomponent Exercise Improves Hemodynamic Parameters and Mobility, but Not Maximal Walking Speed, Transfer Capacity, and Executive Function of Older Type II Diabetic Patients Hélio José Coelho Junior , Iris Callado Sanches, Marcio Doro, Ricardo Yukio Asano, Daniele Jardim Feriani, Cayque Brietzke, Ivan de Oliveira Gonçalves, Marco Carlos Uchida , Erico Chagas Capeturo ,andBrunoRodrigues Research Article (10 pages), Article ID 4832851, Volume 2018 (2018) Evidence-Based Cutoff Threshold Values from Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Analysis for Knee Osteoarthritis in the 50-Year-Old Korean Population: Analysis of Big Data from the National Health Insurance Sharing Service Hyunseok Jee , Hae-Dong Lee, and Sae Yong Lee Research Article (8 pages), Article ID 2013671, Volume 2018 (2018) Comparison of the Effectiveness of Whole Body Vibration in Stroke Patients: A Meta-Analysis Yoo Jung Park ,SunWookPark ,andHanSukLee Review Article (10 pages), Article ID 5083634, Volume 2018 (2018) The Reliability and Validity of a Modified Squat Test to Predict Cardiopulmonary Fitness in Healthy Older Men Chiu-Ping Yeh, Hsien-Cheng Huang, Yaju Chang ,Ming-DeChen ,andMiaojuHsu Research Article (7 pages), Article ID 4863454, Volume 2018 (2018) Unilateral Arm Crank Exercise Test for Assessing Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Individuals with Hemiparetic Stroke Kazuaki Oyake, Tomofumi Yamaguchi, Chihiro Oda, Daisuke Kudo, Kunitsugu Kondo, Yohei Otaka, and Kimito Momose Clinical Study (10 pages), Article ID 6862041, Volume 2017 (2018) Measurement of Gender Differences of Gastrocnemius Muscle and Tendon Using Sonomyography during Calf Raises: A Pilot Study Guang-Quan Zhou, Yong-Ping Zheng, and Ping Zhou Research Article (10 pages), Article ID 6783824, Volume 2017 (2018) A Study on the Improvement of Walking Characteristics of the Elderly with Vibration Stimuli Applied to the Tibialis Anterior Tendon Kiyoung Kwak, Huigyun Kim, and Dongwook Kim Research Article (21 pages), Article ID 5342485, Volume 2017 (2018) Virtual Reality Telerehabilitation for Postural Instability in Parkinson’s Disease: A Multicenter, Single-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial Marialuisa Gandolfi, Christian Geroin, Eleonora Dimitrova, Paolo Boldrini, Andreas Waldner, Silvia Bonadiman, Alessandro Picelli, Sara Regazzo, Elena Stirbu, Daniela Primon, Christian Bosello, Aristide Roberto Gravina, Luca Peron, Monica Trevisan, Alberto Carreño Garcia, Alessia Menel, Laura Bloccari, Nicola Valè, Leopold Saltuari, Michele Tinazzi, and Nicola Smania Research Article (11 pages), Article ID 7962826, Volume 2017 (2018) The Exercise-Induced Irisin Is Associated with Improved Levels of Glucose Homeostasis Markers in Pregnant Women Participating in 8-Week Prenatal Group Fitness Program: A Pilot Study Anna Szumilewicz, Aneta Worska, Magdalena Piernicka, Agnieszka Kuchta, Jakub Kortas, Zbigniew Jastrzębski, Łukasz Radzimiński, Joanna Jaworska, Katarzyna Micielska, and Ewa Ziemann Research Article (10 pages), Article ID 9414525, Volume 2017 (2018) Barriers to Physical Activity in Low Back Pain Patients following Rehabilitation: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial Andrea Schaller, Anne-Kathrin Exner, Sarah Schroeer, Vera Kleineke, and Odile Sauzet Research Article (9 pages), Article ID 6925079, Volume 2017 (2018) An EEG Tool for Monitoring Patient Engagement during Stroke Rehabilitation: A Feasibility Study Gadi Bartur, Katherin Joubran, Sara Peleg-Shani, Jean-Jacques Vatine, and Goded Shahaf Clinical Study (11 pages), Article ID 9071568, Volume 2017 (2018) Effectiveness of Therapeutic Exercise in Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials M. Dolores Sosa-Reina, Susana Nunez-Nagy, Tomás Gallego-Izquierdo, Daniel Pecos-Martín, Jorge Monserrat, and Melchor Álvarez-Mon Review Article (14 pages), Article ID 2356346, Volume 2017 (2018) Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2018, Article ID 9732315, 2 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9732315 Editorial Approaches in Physical Activity: From Basic to Applied Research 2017 Julien S. Baker ,1 Bruce Davies,2 Leonardo dos Santos ,3 Emanuel Ciolac ,4 and Danilo Sales Bocalini 5 School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton Campus, Hamilton, Scotland, UK Health and Exercise Science Research Laboratory, School of Applied Science, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, Wales, UK Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil Exercise and Chronic Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, Sao˜ Paulo State University, Bauru, SP, Brazil Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory. Physical Education and Sport Center of Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil Correspondence should be addressed to Julien S. Baker; [email protected] Received 15 August 2018; Accepted 15 August 2018; Published 4 December 2018 Copyright © 2018 Julien S. Baker et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1. Introduction peroxidase (GPX); and low-molecular-weight compounds such as glutathione [3]. Tese components preserve home- Changes in the modern lifestyle including diets high in salt, ostasis during most normal cell function and mild oxidative sugar, and fat and low physical activity have contributed to stress. When free-radical production is excessive, however, the increasing incidence and prevalence of chronic diseases. or when the antioxidant system is overwhelmed, such as Several nonpharmacological strategies have been developed during nutritional defciencies or exhaustive exercise, such aiming at promoting a healthy lifestyle to reduce drug dose imbalances may favour an “oxidative stress situation” and polypharmacy and decrease morbidity and mortality. In the past two decades, accumulating evidence has Tis reform in the lifestyle is an attitude that should be shown that unaccustomed and strenuous exercise induces encouraged in all sectors of health care. an imbalance between free-radical production and the In this way, special attention had been addressed to oxida- body’s antioxidant defence systems [4]. However, it remains tive stress and free radical (FR). A FR is a molecule with an unknown whether increased free-radical production is an unpaired electron in its outer orbital and is produced during unwanted consequence of exercise that promotes further normal cellular metabolism [1]. High levels of radicals can infammation and tissue damage, or if the body regulates damage cells by reacting with cellular components (e.g., pro- oxidant production to control infammation and repair. Per- teins and lipids). Tis form of damage is called oxidation and formance also decreases in rats fed a vitamin E-defcient diet, can result in a lethal injury to all cells [2]. Te adverse efects thus implicating vitamin E in protecting against exercise- of excess free-radical formation have been hypothesized to induced free-radical generation and injury (Zerba E et al., lead to cancer, atherosclerosis, aging, and even exercise- 1990). associated oxidative damage. Aerobic organisms would not Animal studies have shown promising results [5]: vitamin survive without mechanisms that counteract the detrimental E supplementation at supraphysiologic doses for a minimum efects of free radicals. Te system includes the fat-soluble of 5 weeks can decrease lipid peroxide levels with exhaustive antioxidants such as vitamin E and beta-carotene (a vitamin exercise. To be efective at all, vitamin E must be given for A precursor); the major water-soluble antioxidant, vita- at least 2 weeks before